Bombus (Fervidobombus) pauloensis Friese, 1913
Bombus (Bombus) atratus
Franklin, H. J. (1913). The Bombidae of the New World. Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 39: 73-200 [118] (junior primary homonym of Bombus mucidus atratus Friese, 1911) .
Type data: lectotype USNM 24105 <M>.
Subsequent designation: Frison, T. H. (1925). Contribution to the classification of the Bremidae (bumble-bees) of Central and South America. Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 51: 137-165 [162] .
Type locality: Paraguay, Cordillera, San Bernardino.
Bombus cayennensis nigriventris
Friese, H. (1912). Über einige neue Apiden (Hym.). Arch. Naturgesch., Abt. A 78 (12): 85-89 [87] .
Type data: holotype ZMB <W> (In the original description, the material is indicated twice as being from the worker caste (symbol for 'worker' used in the heading and in the beginning of the description) and once as male (symbol for 'male' used in the listing of material and locality data)).
Type locality: Colombia, Cauca, Popayán.
Bombus cayennensis pauloensis
Friese, H. (1912). Über einige neue Apiden (Hym.). Arch. Naturgesch., Abt. A 78 (12): 85-89 [87] (Name spelled originally as Bombus cayennensis var. pauloënsis) .
Type data: holotype ZMB <W>.
Type locality: Brazil, São Paulo.
Bremus atratus alternans
Frison, T. H. (1925). Contribution to the classification of the Bremidae (bumble-bees) of Central and South America. Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 51: 137-165 [143] .
Type data: holotype USNM <M>.
Type locality: Brazil, 'Desterro' (probably Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, not Paraíba).
Bremus atratus annulatus
Frison, T. H. (1925). Contribution to the classification of the Bremidae (bumble-bees) of Central and South America. Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 51: 137-165 [142] .
Type data: holotype CM <M>.
Type locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Chapada dos Guimarães.
Bremus niger signatus
Frison, T. H. (1925). Contribution to the classification of the Bremidae (bumble-bees) of Central and South America. Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 51: 137-165 [143] .
Type data: holotype INHS <F>.
Type locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Serra do Itatiaia, Alto Itatiaia.
Bombus cayennensis albidoanalis
Friese, H. (1931). Uber Bombus und Psithyrus. Konowia 10: 300-304 [302] .
Type data: holotype ZMB <W>.
Type locality: Ecuador, Guayas, Guayaquil.
Bombus cayennensis buchwaldi
Friese, H. (1931). Uber Bombus und Psithyrus. Konowia 10: 300-304 [302] .
Type data: holotype ZMB <W>.
Type locality: Ecuador, Guayas, Guayaquil.
Bombus cayennensis draenerti
Friese, H. (1931). Uber Bombus und Psithyrus. Konowia 10: 300-304 [302] .
Type data: syntype ZMB <F>.
Type locality: Brazil, Minas Gerais, Uberaba.
Bombus cayennensis jundiahyensis
Friese, H. (1931). Uber Bombus und Psithyrus. Konowia 10: 300-304 [301] .
Type data: syntype ZMB <F>.
Type locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Jundiaí.
Bombus cayennensis nigriventris
Friese, H. (1931). Uber Bombus und Psithyrus. Konowia 10: 300-304 [301] (junior primary homonym of Bombus cayennensis var. nigriventris Friese, 1913) .
Type data: holotype ZMB <W>.
Type locality: Colombia, Cauca, Popayán.
Bombus cayennensis paufer
Friese, H. (1931). Uber Bombus und Psithyrus. Konowia 10: 300-304 [301] .
Type data: syntype ZMB <W>.
Type locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Jundiaí.
Bombus cayennensis pauloensis
Friese, H. (1931). Uber Bombus und Psithyrus. Konowia 10: 300-304 [302] (junior primary homonym of Bombus cayennensis var. pauloensis Friese, 1913) .
Type data: holotype ZMB <F>.
Type locality: Brazil, São Paulo.
Bombus cayennensis uberabensis
Friese, H. (1931). Uber Bombus und Psithyrus. Konowia 10: 300-304 [302] .
Type data: syntype ZMB <F><W>.
Type locality: Brazil, Minas Gerais, Uberaba; São Paulo.
Bombus thoracicus umbricollis
Friese, H. (1931). Uber Bombus und Psithyrus. Konowia 10: 300-304 [302] .
Type data: holotype ZMB <F>.
Type locality: Brazil, Espírito Santo.
Remarks
The valid name for this Neotropical species has had a troubled history. Moure & Sakagami (1962:103-104) and Franklin (1962:730) used the name atratus Franklin for this form. As pointed out by Milliron (1973:125), however, Franklin's name is a junior primary homonym of Friese's (1911) Bombus mucidus v. atratus. The matter was also discussed by Williams (1998:112) who listed three putative synonyms to Franklin's atratus: azurea (Christ, 1791), niger Franklin, 1913, and nigriventris Friese, 1913. The name azurea, which has not been used since its original publication, was proposed based on specimen(s) supposedly from Africa and can be treated, if necessary, as a nomen oblitum (see ICZN Art. 23.9). Bombus niger, adopted by Michener (2000:774) as a valid name in place of atratus, has been considered a synonym of B. pullatus, a position followed here. The remaining name, nigriventris, has to be considered together with pauloensis also proposed by Friese (1913) in the same paper as nigriventris. Both names, together with additional Friese's (1931) names, were included as junior synonym of atratus by Milliron (1962:730, 1973:125). One issue not discussed by previous authors is the priority of Friese's (1913) paper over that of Franklin. Franklin's monograph on the New World Bombus was published in two separate parts: the first one, appearing in vol. 38 of the Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., was issued in January, 1913, while the second part, dealing with the species south of the United States, appeared in vol. 39 and was issued in July, 1913. Friese's paper was included in issue 12 of vol. 78 (1912) of the Archiv für Naturgeschichte (Abt. A). Issues 7-12 of the vol. 78, as well as the entire vol. 79, were published in 1913. It is likely that Friese's paper was published in the first half of 1913 and therefore, would have priority over the 2nd part of Franklin's monograph. For this reason, the name pauloensis is adopted here.
Distribution
Neotropical Region: Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Corrientes, Córdoba, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Mendoza, Misiones, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Salta, Santa Fé, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán), Bolivia (Cochabamba, El Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz), Brazil (Bahia [Alagoinhas, Itaju Do Colônia, Livramento De Nossa Senhora, Manoel Vitorino, Maracás, Mucugê], Espírito Santo [Domingos Martins], Goiás [Aragarças, Goiânia, São Domingos], Mato Grosso [Acorizal, Chapada Dos Guimarães, Cuiabá, Cáceres], Mato Grosso do Sul [Aquidauana, Corumbá, Miranda, Porto Murtinho], Minas Gerais [Alpinópolis, Alto Caparaó, Alto Jequitibá, Araguari, Barbacena, Caparaó, Catas Altas, Coronel Fabriciano, Espera Feliz, Guaranésia, Itajubá, Lavras, Nova Lima, Nova Resende, Ouro Preto, Passa Quatro, Passos, Pedro Leopoldo, Pouso Alegre, Poços De Caldas, Pratápolis, Rio Piracicaba, Santa Bárbara, Santa Rita De Caldas, Sete Lagoas, São Gonçalo Do Rio Preto, São João Batista Do Glória, São Sebastião Do Paraíso, Uberlândia, Varginha, Viçosa], Paraná [Almirante Tamandaré, Antonina, Araucária, Balsa Nova, Castro, Curitiba, Curiúva, Foz Do Iguaçu, Guarapuava, Guaratuba, Jaguariaíva, Londrina, Matinhos, Morretes, Paranaguá, Piraquara, Ponta Grossa, Pontal Do Paraná, Rio Branco Do Sul, São José Dos Pinhais, Telêmaco Borba, Ventania], Pará [Parauapebas], Rio Grande do Sul [Aratiba, Bom Jesus, Cambará Do Sul, Canela, Encruzilhada Do Sul, Esteio, Flores Da Cunha, Guarani Das Missões, Guaíba, Júlio De Castilhos, Nova Petrópolis, Osório, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, Salvador Do Sul, São Francisco De Paula, São Leopoldo, Viamão], Rio de Janeiro [Itatiaia, Mendes, Petrópolis, Teresópolis], Rondônia [Costa Marques], Santa Catarina [Campo Alegre, Corupá, Florianópolis, Irineópolis, Joinville, Mafra, Pinhalzinho, Porto União, Rio Do Sul, Rio Negrinho, Seara, São Carlos, Três Barras, Turvo], São Paulo [Araraquara, Barretos, Barueri, Batatais, Bauru, Botucatu, Campos Do Jordão, Corumbataí, Cosmópolis, Guarulhos, Jundiaí, Laranjal Paulista, Mogi Guaçu, Osasco, Queluz, Ribeirão Preto, Rio Claro, Salesópolis, Sorocaba, São Bernardo Do Campo, São Carlos, São José Dos Campos, São Paulo, São Pedro Do Turvo, São Sebastião]), Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Boyaca, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Distrito Capital, Magdalena, Nariño, Quindío, Santander, Valle del Cauca), Ecuador (Azuay, Guayas), Panama (Chiriquí), Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caaguazú, Caazapá, Central, Concepción, Cordillera, Guairá, Itapúa, San Pedro), Peru (Cuzco, San Martín), Uruguay, Venezuela (Carabobo, Distrito Federal, Mérida)
References
Abrahamovich, A. H. & Díaz, N. B. (2001). Distribución geográfica de las especies del género Bombus Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in Argentina. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 45 (1): 23-36 [25] (Distribution (as Bombus atratus))
Abrahamovich, A. H. & Díaz, N. B. (2002). Bumble bees of the Neotropical Region (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Biota Colombiana 3 (2): 199-214 [203] (Distribution, note (as Bombus atratus))
Abrahamovich, A. H., Díaz, N. B. & Lucia, M. (2005). Las especies del género Bombus Latreille en Argentina (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Estudio taxonómico y claves para su identificación. Neotrop. Entomol. 34 (2): 235-250 [241] (Descriptive notes, variation, comparative notes, distribution (as Bombus atratus))
Abrahamovich, A. H., Diaz, N. B., Morrone, J. J. (2004). Distributional patterns of the Neotropical and Andean species of the genus Bombus (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Acta Zool. Mex. (n. s.) 20 (1): 99-117 [101, 114] (Distribution, biogeography (as Bombus atratus))
Andena, S.R., Bego, L.R. & Mechi, M.R. (2005). A Comunidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) de uma área de cerrado (Corumbataí, SP) e suas visitas às flores. Rev. Bras. Zoocien. 7 (1): 55-91 [61] (Distribution record (as Bombus (Fervidobombus) atratus))
Boff, S., Araújo, A.C. & Pott, A. (2013). Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) and flowers in natural forest patches of southern Pantanal. Biota Neotrop. 13 (4): 46-56 [49] (Distribution record)
Borges, R.C., Padovani, K., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V.L. & Giannini, T.C. (2020). A dataset of multi-functional ecological traits of Brazilian bees. Sci. Data 7 (120): 1-9 [3] (Distribution record)
Cruz Landim, C. (1963). Evaluation of the wax and scent glands in the Apinae (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. N. Y. Entomol. Soc. 71 (1): 2-13 [2, 4, 8] (Morphology, citation (as Bombus atratus))
Cruz Landim, C. & Höfling, J. F. (1971). Estudo comparativo do cordão nervoso ventral nas diferentes castas de abelhas sociais da família Apidae. Pap. Avulsos Zool. (S. Paulo) 24 (10): 147-154 [148, 151, 152] (Description, note (as Bombus atratus))
Cruz Landim, C. & Rodrigues, L. (1967). Comparative anatomy and histology of the alimentary canal of adult Apinae. J. Apic. Res. 6 (1): 17-28 [17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 28] (Anatomy, histology, figures (as Bombus atratus))
Dias, D. (1960). Nota sobre um ninho de Bombus construido acima do chão (Hymenoptera- Apoidea). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 9: 151-156 [151-156] (Taxonomy, as Bombus medius)
Diniz-Filho, J. A. F. (1999). Macroecology of Brazilian Bombus (Hymenoptera, Apidae): spatial patterns and the relationship between worker body size and geographical range. Naturalia (Rio Claro) 24: 193-200 [195, 196] (Citation, graph (as Bombus atratus))
Ducke, A. (1916). Enumeração dos hymenopteros colligidos pela Commissão e Revisão das espécies de abelhas do Brasil. Comm. Lin. Teleg. Estr. M. Gr. ao Amazonas 35: 3-209 [13] (Partim, as brasiliensis)
Franco, A.M., Goldenberg, R. & Varassin, I.G. (2011). Pollinator guild organization and its consequences for reproduction in three synchronopatric species of Tibouchina (Melastomataceae). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 55 (3): 381-388 [384] (Distribution record)
Franco E.L. & Gimenes, M. (2011). Pollination of Cambessedesia wurdackii in Brazilian campo rupestre vegetation, with special reference to crepuscular bees. J. Insect Sci. 11 (97): 1-13 [5] (Distribution (B. atratus))
Franklin, H. J. (1913). The Bombidae of the New World. Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 39: 73-200 [120, 122, 123, 133] (partim, as Bombus (Bombus) niger, pullatus (partim), medius and incarum (material from Brazil and Paraguay))
Franklin, H. J. (1915). Notes on Bombidae, with descriptions of new forms (Hym.). Entomol. News 26: 409–416 [415] (partim, as medius)
Friese, H. (1906). Resultate einer Reise des Herrn A. C. Jensen-Haarup in die Gegend von Mendoza (Argentina). Flora Fauna 8 (3): 89-102 [99] (Taxonomy (as cayennensis var. violaceus), distribution)
Friese, H. (1931). Uber Bombus und Psithyrus. Konowia 10: 300-304 [301, 302] (Taxonomy (as Bombus cayennensis var. paufer, jundiahyensis, draenerti, pauloensis, uberabensis and Bombus thoracicus var. umbricollis))
Frison, T. H. (1925). Contribution to the classification of the Bremidae (bumble-bees) of Central and South America. Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 51: 137-165 [142, 143, 162, 163] (Comparative note, distribution, as Bremus atratus, medius, Bremus incarum, Bremus atratus var. annulatus, Bremus atratus var. alternans and Bremus niger var. signatus)
Graf, L.V., Zenni, R.D. & Gonçalves, R.B. (2020). Ecological impact and population status of non-native bees in a Brazilian urban environment. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 64 (2(e20200006)): 1-8 [supplementary 2] (Distribution record)
Graf, V. (1967). Nota sobre a glândula da siringe em Apoidea. Dusenia 8 (4): 127-130 [128] (Morphology (as Bombus atratus))
Graf, V. (1968). Observações sobre o canal salivar cefálico de alguns Apidae. Bol. Univ. Fed. Parana, Zool. 3 (3): 65-78 [67, 68] (Citation, morphology (as Bombus attratus [sic]))
Handlirsch, A. (1888). Die Hummelsammlung des k.k. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums. Ann. K-K. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 3 (3): 209-250 [241] (Partim, as Bombus cayennensis var. violaceus)
Hazeltine, W. E. & Chandler, L. (1964). A preliminary atlas for the identification of female bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 37 (1): 77-87 [82] (Illustration (as Bombus atratus))
Holmberg, E. L. (1879). Sobre las especies del género Bombus halladas en la Republica Argentina. An. Soc. Cient. Argent. 8: 154-162 [156, 160] (Partim, as violaceus, cajenensis and caianennsis)
Holmberg, E. L. (1903). Delectus Hymenopterologicus Argentinus [.]. An. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. B. Aires 2 (3): 377-468 [383] (Partim (as brasiliensis))
Janzen, D. H. (1971). The ecological significance of an arboreal nest of Bombus pullatus. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 44: 210-216 [211] (Citation, nest (as Bombus atratus))
Kerr, W. E. (1951). Bases para o estudo da genética de populações dos Hymenoptera em geral e dos Apinae sociais em particular. An. Esc. Sup. Agric. "Luiz de Queiroz" 8: 219-354 [298] (Mimicry (as Bombus atratus))
Kerr, W. E. (1973). Genética e biologia de abelhas. Cienc. Cult. (S. Paulo) 25 (10): 927-934 [933] (Fig. 3, chromosome number (as Bombus atratus))
Kerr, W. E. & Silveira, Z. V. (1972). Karyotypic evolution of bees and corresponding taxonomic implications. Evolution 26 (2): 197-202 [198, 201] (Genetics, tables (as Bombus atratus))
Kloc, P.B., Silva, T.M.V., Holdefer, D.R., Oliveira, F.F. & Woitowicz-Gruchowsk, F.C. (2019). Diversidade e redes de interação entre abelhas e plantas em áreas de várzea na Floresta Nacional (Flona) de Três Barras - Santa Catarina, Brasil. Acta Biol. Catarinense 6 (3): 81-97 [94-96] (Distribution record)
Krug, C., Alves-dos-Santos, I. & Cane, J. (2010). Visiting bees of Cucurbita flowers (Cucurbitaceae) with emphasis on the presence of Peponapis fervens Smith (Eucerini - Apidae) - Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Oecol. Aust. 14 (1): 128-139 [135] (Distribution record (as Bombus atratus))
Labougle, J. M. (1990). Bombus of México and Central America (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 54 (3): 35-73 [57] (Comparative notes (as Bombus atratus))
Labougle, J. M., Ito, M. & Okazawa, T. (1985). The species of the genus Bombus (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of Chiapas, Mexico and Guatemala; with a morphometric and altitudinal analysis. Folia Entomol. Mex. 64: 55–72 [65] (Comparative note (as Bombus atratus))
Laroca, S., Cure, J. R. & Bortoli, C. (1982). A associação de abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) de uma área restrita no interior da cidade de Curitiba (Brasil): uma abordagem biocenótica. Dusenia 13 (3): 93-117 [98, 101, 113] (Ecology (as Bombus atratus))
Liebl, F.T., Dec, E. & Mouga. D.M.D.S. (2019). Diversidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) em mata de araucária em Santa Catarina. Acta Biol. Catarinense 6 (1): 20-37 [24] (Distribution record)
Lievano Leon, A., Ospina Torres, R. & Nates Parra, G. (1991). Distribucion altitudinal del genero Bombus em Colombia (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Trianea 4: 541-550 [545, 547, 548, 549] (Table, distribution (as Bombus atratus))
Lievano Leon, A., Ospina Torres, R., & Nates Parra, G. (1994). Contribucion al conocimiento de la taxonomia del genero Bombus en Colombia. Trianea 5: 221-233 [223, 225, 226] (Listed, key, descriptive note (as Bombus atratus))
Lima, F.V.O. & Silvestre, R. (2017). Abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apidae sensu lato) do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 107 (supl.): 1-14 [7] (Distribution record)
Lutz, F. E. & Cockerell, T. D. A. (1920). Notes on distribution and bibliography of North American bees of the families Apidae, Meliponidae, Bombidae, Euglossidae, and Anthophoridae. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 42: 491-641 [521] (Partim (as incarum and medius))
Michener, C. D. (1954). Bees of Panamá. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 104 (1): 1-175 [163] (partim, as medius)
Milliron, H. E. (1960). Recognition of bumblebee type specimens, with notes on some dubious names (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Bull. Brooklyn Entomol. Soc. 55 (4): 87-99 [97] (Note on type of velutinus)
Milliron, H. E. (1961). Revised classification of the bumblebees - a synopsis (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 34 (2): 49-61 [57] (Taxonomy (as Bombus atratus))
Milliron, H. E. (1962). Taxonomic notes on some American bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Bombinae). Can. Entomol. 94 (7): 728-735 [730] (Taxonomy, as Megabombus atratus, synonymy, systematics)
Milliron, H. E. (1973). A monograph of the Western Hemisphere bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Bombinae). II. The genus Megabombus subgenus Megabombus. Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can. 89: 81-237 [125-137] (Taxonomy, synonymy, redescription, note on nomenclature, flower records, distribution, as Megabombus (Megabombus) atratus)
Mira, V.O. & Mouga, D.M.D.S. (2020). Diversidade de abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) em floresta ombrófila mista em Santa Catarina, Brasil. Acta Biol. Catarinense 7 (2): 128-147 [132] (Distribution record)
Moure, J. S. (1944). Apoidea da coleção do Conde Amadeu A. Barbiellini (Hym. Apoidea). Rev. Entomol. (Rio J.) 15 (1-2): 1-18 [2] (Citation (as Bombus medius))
Moure, J. S. (1944). Abelhas de Monte Alegre (Est. S. Paulo) (Hym. - Apoidea). Pap. Avul. Dep. Zool., S. Paulo 6 (10): 103-126 [104] (Taxonomy (as Bombus (Bombus) medius))
Moure, J. S. (1946). Notas sobre as mamangabas. Bol. Agricola (Curitiba) 4 (12/13): 21-50 + 3 plates [39, 40] (Taxonomy (as Bombus medius, niger and atratus))
Moure, J. S. (1949). Notas sobre algunas abejas de Tacanas, Tucumán, Argentina. II. Rev. Entomol. (Rio J.) 20 (1-3): 437-460 [460] (Taxonomy (as Bombus niger), distribution)
Moure, J. S. (1960). Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio J.) 3 (1-4): 97-160 [151] (Citation, note on type of Bombus atratus (as Bombus atratus))
Moure, J. S. & Sakagami, S. F. (1962). As mamangabas sociais do Brasil (Bombus Latreille) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio J.) 5 (1-4): 65–194 [68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 79, 82, 85, 87, 89, 91, 95, 97.] (Comparative note, key, figures, distribution, revision, map (as Bombus atratus))
Myers, J. G. (1935). Ethological observations on the citrus bee, Trigona silvestriana Vachal, and other neotropical bees (Hym., Apoidea). Trans. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 83 (1): 131-142 [140] (Distribution, flower record (as Bombus atratus))
Pisani, J. F., Moure, J. S., Crestana, B., Aily, D. & Lorenzetti, M. L. (1966). Análise estatística da estrutura interespecífica dos Bombus do Brasil (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Bol. Univ. Fed. Paraná. Zool. 2 (8): 101-120 [102, 103, 106, 108, 111, 112, 115, 116, 117, 118] (Tables (as Bombus atratus))
Rasmussen, C. (2003). Clave de identificación para las especies peruanas de Bombus Latreille, 1809 (Hymenoptera, Apidae), con notas sobre su biología y distribución. Rev. Peru. Entomol. 43: 31-45 [34] (Variation, flower record, distribution (as Bombus atratus))
Rosi-Denadai, C.A., Araújo, P.C.S., Campos, L.A.O., Cosme Jr., L. & Guedes, R.N.C. (2020). Buzz pollination in Neotropical bees: genus-dependent frequencies and lack of optimal frequency for pollen release. Insect Sci. 27: 133-142 [137] (Distribution record)
Sakagami, S. F., Akahira, Y. & Zucchi, R. (1967). Nest architecture and brood development in a neotropical bumblebee, Bombus atratus. Insectes Soc. 14 (4): 389-413 [389-413] (Nest architecture, figures (as Bombus atratus))
Sakagami, S. F. & Laroca, S. (1971). Relative abundance, phenology and flower visits of apid bees in eastern Paraná, southern Brazil (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Kontyu 39 (3): 217-230 [218, 219, 221, 227, 228] (Distribution record, biology (as Bombus atratus))
Sakagami, S. F., Laroca, S. & Moure, J. S. (1967). Two Brazilian apid nests worth recording in reference to comparative bee sociology, with descriptions of Euglossa melanotricha Moure n. sp. (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Annot. Zool. Jpn. 40 (1): 45-54 [45-47] (Nest, distribution (as Bombus (Fervidobombus) atratus))
Sakagami, S. F., Laroca, S. & Moure, J. S. (1967). Wild bee biocoenotics in São José dos Pinhais (PR), south Brazil. J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ. Ser. VI. Zool. 16 (2): 253-291 [266, 270, 274, 275, 282] (Ecology (as Bombus atratus))
Sakagami, S. F. & Zucchi, R. (1965). Winterverhalten einer neotropischen Hummel, Bombus atratus, innerhalb des Beobachtungskastens. Ein Beitrag zur Biologie der Hummeln. J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ. Ser. VI. Zool. 15 (4): 712-762 [712, 762] (Nest (as Bombus atratus))
Schrottky, C. (1903). Enumération des hyménopteres connus jusqu'ici de la République Argentine, de l'Uruguay et du Paraguay. An. Soc. Cient. Argent. 55: 176-186 [185] (Taxonomy (as Bombus cayennensis and Bombus cayennensis var. violacea), catalog, distribution)
Schrottky, C. (1913). La distribución geográfica de los himenópteros argentinos. An. Soc. Cient. Argent. 75: 180-286 [268] (Taxonomy (as cayennensis and cayennensis forma violacea), distribution)
Silva, F.F, & Carvalho, G.A. (2013). Espécies, número e frequência de visitantes florais em culturas agrícolas submetidas à aplicação de produtos fitossanitários. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, São Paulo 82: 1-7 [4] (Distribution (as B. atratus))
Strand, E. (1909). Beitrag zur Bienenfauna von Paraguay. (Hym.). Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 1909: 227-237 [235] (Taxonomy (as cayennensis))
Strand, E. (1910). Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Hymenopterenfauna von Paraguay. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 29: 455-562 [553] (Taxonomy (as cayennensis))
Truylio, B. & Harter-Marques, B. (2007). A comunidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) em áreas florestais do Parque Estadual de Itapuã (Viamão, RS): diversidade, abundância relativa e atividade sazonal. Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 97 (4): 392-399 [396] (Distribution record (as Bombus atratus))
Urban, D. (1963). Estudo comparativo da origem de alguns músculos cefálicos das abelhas (Hymenoptera - Apoidea). Bol. Univ. Fed. Parana, Zool. 2 (2): 21-33 [21, 22-23, 25, 27, 31] (Morphology, citation (as Bombus atratus))
Viana, T.A. & Lourenço, A.P. (2020). Surveys of the bee (Hymenoptera: Apiformes) community in a Neotropical savanna using pan traps. Pap. Avulsos Zool. (S. Paulo) 60: 1-12 [3] (Distribution record)
Williams, P. H. (1998). An annotated checklist of bumble bees with an analysis of patterns of description (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Lond. (Entomol.) 67 (1): 79-152 [112] (Synonymy, notes on nomenclature (as Bombus atratus))
Witter, S., Blochtein, B., Nunes-Silva, P., Tirelli, F.P., Lisboa, B.B., Bremm, C. & Lanzer, R. (2014). The bee Community and its relationship to canola seed production in homogenous agricultural areas. J. Pollinat. Ecol. 12 (3): 15-21 [18] (Distribution record)
Wittmann, D. & Hoffmann, M. (1990). Bees of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 70: 17-43 [27] (Distribution record (as Bombus atratus))
Yamamoto, M., Silva, C.I., Augusto, S.C., Barbosa, A.A.A., & Oliveira, P.P. (2012). The role of bee diversity in pollination and fruit set of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis forma flavicarpa, Passifloraceae) crop in Central Brazil. Apidologie 43: 515-526 [519] (Distribution record)
Zotarelli, H.G.S., Evans, D.M., Bego, L.R. & Sofia, S.H. (2014). A Comparison of Social Bee-Plant Networks between Two Urban Areas. Neotrop. Entomol. 43: 399-408 [supplementary material] (Distribution record)
Online since: 23 Jul 2008
Last update : 17 Jul 2023