Tetragona clavipes (Fabricius, 1804)
Common Names: "vorá", "vamos-embora", "borá", "i-kàikà"
Centris clavipes
Fabricius, J. C. (1804). Systema Piezatorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Brunsvigae: Reichard 1-439 pp. [359] .
Type data: lectotype ZMUC <F> worker.
Subsequent designation: Moure, J. S. (1960). Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 3 (1-4): 97-160 [157] .
Type locality: "Ex Am. mer. Schmidt" [probably British Guiana, according to Moure: 1960:158].
Trigona elongata
Lepeletier, A. L. M. & Serville, A. (1828). [Articles] pp. 345-832 in M. Diderot et al. (ed.) Encyclopédie Méthodique. Histoire Naturelle. Entomologie, ou Histoire Naturelle des Crustacés, des Arachnides et des Insectes, vol. 10, P. A. Latreille. Paris: Agasse [710] (junior subjective synonym. It is possible that the name can be applicable to what has been interpreted as Tetragona clavipes (Fabrcius) from southeastern Brazil, probably a different species from Tetragona clavipes, described by Fabricius from probably Guyana. The Moure's personal notes about the lectotype are not clear.) .
Type data: lectotype MNHP <F> worker.
Subsequent designation: Camargo, J. M. F. & Pedro, S. R. M. (2007). Meliponini Lepeletier, 1836 pp. 272-578 in Moure, J. S., Urban, D. & Melo, G. A. R. (ed.) Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region. Curitiba: Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia xiv + 1058 pp. [505] (according to the Moure's personal notes, the lectotype was designated by him in 1958, but he did not mention other type specimens) .
Type locality: "Brésil" [according to Lepeletier & Serville, 1828], "Nord. Capt. S. Paulo, Brasil" [according to Moure's personal notes].
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
Spinola, M. (1840). Observationes sur les apiaires meliponides. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. Biol. Anim. 13: 116-140 [124]
Remarks
Under the name Tetragona clavipes are several undescribed species
Distribution
Neotropical Region: Bolivia (Cochabamba), Brazil (Acre, Amapá [Macapá, Mazagão, Oiapoque], Amazonas [Barcelos, Manaus, Tabatinga, Tefé], Bahia, Espírito Santo, Goiás [Goiás], Maranhão [Alcântara, Buriticupu, Carutapera, Chapadinha], Mato Grosso [Campo Novo Do Parecis, Cuiabá, Cáceres, Juína], Mato Grosso do Sul [Bodoquena, Bonito, Campo Grande, Porto Murtinho], Minas Gerais [Araguari, Cataguases, Paraopeba, Pirapora, Ponte Nova, Uberlândia, Viçosa], Paraná, Pará [Almeirim, Anajás, Belém, Conceição Do Araguaia, Cumaru Do Norte, Faro, Oriximiná, Óbidos], Piauí, Rio Grande do Sul [Alpestre, Planalto], Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo [Bauru, Cajuru, Corumbataí, Cosmópolis, Franca, Monte Alegre Do Sul, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo], Tocantins [Darcinópolis, Fátima, Gurupi]), Colombia (Cundinamarca, Magdalena), Guyana (Potaro-Siparuni, Upper Demerara-Berbice, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo), Paraguay (Alto Paraná), Peru (Huánuco), Suriname (Marowijne, Wanica), Uruguay
References
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Cockerell, T. D. A. (1920). Descriptions and records of bees - LXXXVIII. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 5: 113-119 [116] (as Trigona clavipes, geographic record)
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Contel, E. P. B., Machado, M. F. P. S., Falcão, T. M. M. A., Santos, J. R. C., Castanheira, E. B., Mestriner, M. A., Barreto-Beira, M. S. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1992). Variabilidade genética em meliponídeos estimada através do estudo de alozimas pp. 51-55 in Cruz Landim, C. & Chaud Netto, J. (ed.) Anais do Encontro Brasileiro de Biologia de Abelhas e Outros Insetos Sociais. Homenagem aos 70 anos de Warwick Estevam Kerr. São Paulo: Naturalia, número especial, Editora UNESP 283 pp. [54] (biochemistry, enzymes)
Cortopassi-Laurino, M. & Gelli, D. S. (1991). Analyse pollinique, propriétés physico-chimiques et action antibactérienne des miels d'abeilles africanisées Apis mellifera et de Méliponinés du Brésil. Apidologie 22: 61-73 [62, 65, 68] (honey, pollen records: Caesalpinia peltophoroides, Datura, honey antibacterial activity)
Costa-Neto, D.J., Valadares, M.S., Silva-Costa, E.S. & Souto, J.N. (2016). Levantamento da fauna de abelhas sem ferrão no estado do Tocantins. Acta Biol. Catarinense 3 (2): 138-148 [143] (Distribution record)
Crane, E. (1999). The world history of beekeeping and honey hunting. New York: Routledge xxii+682 pp. [84, 289] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, geographic record, ethnobiology, honey hunting, colony size, beekeeping, citation; ? uncertain identity, as Tetragona elongata, honey hunting, citation)
Cruz-Landim, C. & Mota, M. H. V. B. (1990). Occurrence of tegumentary glands in stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) pp. 587-588 in Veeresh, G. K., Mallik, B. & Viraktamath, C. A. (ed.) Social insects and the environment: proceedings of the 11th international congress of IUSSI, Bangalore, India. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. xxxi+765 pp. [587] (tegumentary glands)
Cunha, R. A. (1973). Taxonomia numérica de alguns Meliponinae (Hymenoptera- Apidae). Ciência Biológica (Portugal) 1: 25-42 [27 (reprint page 3)] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, unnumbered pages: figures 2-7, phenetic analysis, phenograms)
Cunha, R. A. (1991). Revisão da taxonomia de alguns Meliponinae por métodos fenéticos (Hym., Apidae). Naturalia (São Paulo) 16: 33-53 [37, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 50] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, OTU 31, phenetic analysis, phenograms)
Dalla Torre C. G. de (1896). Catalogus Hymenopterorum; Hucusque Descriptorum Systematicus et Synonymicus. Leipzig: Engelmann Vol. 10 viii+1–643 pp. [577] (as Melipona clavipes, list)
Dijn, B. P. E. & Koanting, E. (1999). The knowledge of stingless bees, or tyandaaman, at the Maroon village of Nieuw Koffiekamp in Suriname, South America. Pegone ?: 15-17 [16] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, ethnobiology, Maroon indians, geographic record, folk name: "tyandaaman")
Ducke, A. (1901). Beobachtungen über Blütenbesuch, Erscheinungszeit etc. der bei Pará vorkommenden Bienen. Z. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol. 1: 49-67 [65] (as Melipona clavipes, synonymy, geographic records, flower records: Compositae, Piperaceae)
Ducke, A. (1902). Die stachellosen Bienen (Melipona Ill.) von Pará, nach dem Materiale der Sammlung des Museu Goeldi beschrieben. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 17: 285-328 [291, 309-310, 311, 328] (as Melipona (Trigona) clavipes, key, synonymy, diagnosis, taxonomic notes, flower records: Potomorphe peltata (Piperaceae), Vernonia scorpioides (Compositae), Dichromena ciliata (Cyperaceae), Zea mays (Gramineae), resin foraging: Hevea, geographic records, figures)
Ducke, A. (1902). Beobachtungen über Blütenbesuch, Erscheinungszeit etc. der bei Pará vorkommenden Bienen. Allg. Z. Entomol. 7 (20): 417-422 [419] (as Melipona clavipes, flower record: maize - pollen, resin foraging: Hevea)
Ducke, A. (1902). Beobachtungen über blütenbesuch, erscheinungszeit etc. der bei Pará vorkommenden bienen. II. Allg. Z. Entomol. 7 (17): 321-326 [324, 325, 326] (as Melipona clavipes, flower records: Potomorphe peltata (Piperaceae), Dichromena ciliata (Cyperaceae), Croton chamaedryfolius (Euphorbiaceae), Zea mays (Gramineaea))
Ducke, A. (1907). Contribution a la connaissance de la faune Hyménoptérologique du Nord-Est du Brésil. Revue d' Entomologie 26: 73-96 [89] (as Trigona clavipes, geographic record)
Ducke, A. (1910). Zur Synonymie der neotropischen Apidae. (Hym.). Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 6 (4): 362-369 [368] (as Trigona clavipes, synonymy)
Ducke, A. (1916). Enumeração dos Hymenopteros colligidos pela Comissão e Revisão das espécies de abelhas do Brasil. Comm. Lin. Teleg. Estr. M. Gr. ao Amazonas 35: 3-171 [13, 31, 61-64, 65, 79] (as Melipona clavipes, folk names: "borá", "vorá", geographic records, geographic range [unnumbered table after page 28], key, synonymy, diagnosis, geographic records, nesting sites: hollow trees, cavities in ground, nest characteristics, honey, resin smell, behavior, taxonomic notes, figure [plate 5, figure 13])
Ducke, A. (1925). Die stachellosen Bienen (Melipona) Brasiliens, Nach morphologischen und ethologischen Merkmalen geordnet. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 49: 335-448 [343, 350, 378-380] (as Melipona clavipes, geographic range, folk name: "borá", "vorá", key, synonymy, diagnosis, nesting sites: hollow trees, cavities in ground, nest characteristics, honey, resin smell, behavior, habitat, geographic records, taxonomic note, figures [plate 3, figure 10])
Engel, M. S. & Dingemans-Bakels, F. (1980). Nectar and pollen resources for stingless bees (Meliponinae, Hymenoptera) in Surinam (South America). Apidologie 11 (4): 341-350 [345] (as Trigona clavipes, flower records: Cordia macrostachya (Boraginaceae), Cassia spec. (Caesalpiniaceae), Vernonia remotiflora (Compositae), Humiria balsamifera (Humiriaceae), Hyptis atrorubens (Labiatae), Sesamum spec. (Pedaliaceae), Borreria capitata, Retiniphyllum schomburgkii (Rubiaceae), Citrus spec. (Rutaceae), Melochia ulmifolia (Sterculiaceae), Holmskioldia sanguinea (Verbenaceae), Cissus spec. (Vitaceae))
Ferreira, L.A.C., Martins, D.C., Rêgo, M.M.C. & Albuquerque, P.M.C. (2019). Richness of Wild Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in a Forest Remnant in a Transition Region of Eastern Amazonia. Psyche (Camb.) 5356104: 1-11 [4] (Distribution record)
Franceschinelli, E.V., Bergamini, L.L., Silva-Neto, C.L., Elias, M.A.S., Moreira, G.L., Morais, J.M. & Mesquita-Neto, J.N. (2019). Native bee fauna of tomato crops: a comparison of active sampling and pan trapping methods. Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 109: 1-7 [4] (Distribution record)
Francke, W., Lübke, G., Schröder, W., Reckziegel, A., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V., Kleinert, A., Engels, E., Hartfelder, K., Radtke, R. & Engels, W. (2000). Identification of oxygen containing volatiles in cephalic secretions of workers of Brazilian stingless bees. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 11 (6): 562-571 [563, 564-566, 570] (biochemistry, cephalic secretions, volatile compounds)
Francke, W., Mackenroth, W., Schröder, W., Schulz, S., Tengö, J., Engels, E., Engels, W., Kittmann, R. & Schneider, D. (1985). Identification of cyclic enolethers from insects: alkyldihydropyranes from bees and alkyldihydro-4H-pyran-4-ones from a male moth. Z. Naturforsch. 40c: 145-147 [145, 146] (biochemistry, cyclic enolethers)
Françoso Jr., O. A. & Bicudo, J. E. P. W. (2000). Estudo comparativo e evolutivo do metabolismo aeróbio de Melipona bicolor Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) pp. 86-93 in Bitondi, M. M. G., Hartfelder, K., et al. (ed.) IV Encontro sobre abelhas: Anais. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, USP xxix+363 pp. [87, 93] (physiology, phylogeny - citation)
Fuzaro, L., Andaló, V., Carvalho, S.M., Silva, F.A.N., Carvalho, F.J. & Rabelo, L.S. (2019). Floral visitors of canola (Brassica napus L.) hybrids in Cerrado Mineiro region, Brazil. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, São Paulo 86: 1-10 [4] (Distribution record)
Gaglianone, M. C. (2000). Biologia floral de espécies simpátricas de Malvaceae e suas abelhas visitantes. Biociências 8 (1): 13-31 [26] (geographic record, flower record: Sida rhombifolia, S. cordifolia, Sidastrum micranthum, Urena lobata (Malvaceae), phenology)
Gonçalves, S. J. M., Rêgo, M. & Araújo, A. (1996). Abelhas sociais (Hymenoptera: Apidae) e seus recursos florais em uma região de mata secundária, Alcântara, MA, Brasil. Acta Amazonica 26 (1/2): 55-68 [57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64] (list, geographic record, relative abundance, phenology, daily activity, flower records: Borreria verticillata (Rubiaceae), Toccoca sp. (Melastomataceae), Cassia sp. (Legumionosae), Croton sp. (Euphorbiaceae), Malpighiaceae, Cyperus ligularis, Rhynchospora cephalotes (Cyperaceae))
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Ihering, H. (1903). Biologie der stachellosen Honigbienen Brasiliens. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 19: 179-287 [207] (as Trigona clavipes, folk name: "vorá", geographic record, nesting site: hollow of trunk, defense behavior, nest entrance)
Ihering, H. (1930). Biologia das abelhas melliferas do Brasil. Boletim de Agricultura 31 (5-6): 435-506, 649-714 [468, 713] (as Trigona clavipes, folk name: "vorá", geographic record, nesting site: hollow of trunk, defense behavior, nest entrance)
Ihering, R. (2002). Dicionário dos animais do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: DIFEL 1-588 + 12 plates pp. [124, 532, 571] (as Trigona clavipes, folk names: "vorá", "borá", "pé-de pau" [?], diagnosis, nesting site: hollow in trunks, behavior, nest entrance)
Jarau, S., Hrncir, M., Schmidt, V. M., Zucchi, R. & Barth, F. G. (2003). Effectiveness of recruitment behavior in stingless bees (Apidae, Meliponini). Insectes Soc. 50: 365-374 [366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373] (geographic record, nesting site: tree cavity, recruitment, communication, foraging behavior, nest population - citation, body size)
Kerr, W. E. (1948). Estudos sobre o gênero Melipona. An. Esc. Sup. Agric. "Luiz de Queiroz" 5 (88): 181-276 + 51 figures [206] (as Trigona clavipes, queen production, overfeeding, citation)
Kerr, W. E. (1951). Bases para o estudo da genética de populações dos Hymenoptera em geral e dos Apinae sociais em particular. An. Esc. Sup. Agric. "Luiz de Queiroz" 8: 219-354 [298] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, mimicry: Paratetrapedia lineata)
Kerr, W. E. (1969). Some aspects of the evolution of social bees (Apidae). Evol. Biol. 3: 119-175 [166] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, phylogeny, communication)
Kerr, W. E. (2002). Extinção de espécies: a grande crise biológica do momento e como afeta os meliponínios pp. 4-9 in Garófalo et al. (ed.) V Encontro sobre abelhas: anais. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Biologia xxv+355 pp. [7] (geographic record, relative abundance - citation)
Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A., Silva, A. C. & Assis, M. G. P. (2005). Aspectos pouco mencionados da biodiversidade amazônica. Mensagem Doce 80: 46-60 [53, 56] (behavior, nest defense, rearing)
Kerr, W. E. & Esch, H. (1965). Comunicação entre as abelhas sociais brasileiras e sua contribuição para o entendimento da sua evolução. Ciência e Cultura (SP) 17 (4): 529-538 [536] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, phylogeny, communication)
Kerr, W. E., Sakagami, S. F., Zucchi, R., Portugal Araújo, V. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1967). Observações sôbre a arquitetura dos ninhos e comportamento de algumas espécies de abelhas sem ferrão das vizinhanças de Manaus, Amazonas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5: 255-309 [276] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, defense behavior)
Kerr, W. E. & Silveira, Z. V. (1972). Karyotypic evolution of bees and corresponding taxonomic implications. Evolution 26: 197-202 [199] (as Tetragona (Tetragona) clavipes, chromosomes number (n=17))
Klug, J. C. F. (1843). Ueber das Geschlectsverhältniss der kleinen Wehrlosen. Ber. Verh. Akad. Wiss. .: 219-221 [221] (as Melipona clavipes [*from Moure file])
Laroca, S. (1971). Contribuição para o conhecimento da bionomia dos meliponídeos: ninho de Tetragona truncata Moure, 1971 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Bol. Univ. Fed. Paraná 4 (11): 51-57 [54, 56] (partim, [citation of Kerr et al. 1967], defense behavior, nest entrance, citation)
Latreille, P. A. (1809). Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias disposita, inconibus exemplisque plurimis explicata.. Paris and Strasbourg: Armand Koenig Vol. 4 178, 182-183 pp. [178] (as Centris clavipes [*from Moure file])
Lenko, K. & Papavero, N. (1996). Insetos no folclore. São Paulo: Plêiade, FAPESP 2nd Edn 1-468 pp. [263, 280, 281] (as Trigona clavipes, folk name: "borá", "vorá", "vamos embora" [?] - citation)
Lepeletier, A. L. M. (1836). Histoire Naturelle des Insectes- Hyménoptères. Paris: Roret Vol. 1 1-547 pp. [433-434] (as Melipona elongata, diagnosis, description)
Lima, F.V.O. & Silvestre, R. (2017). Abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apidae sensu lato) do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 107 (supl.): 1-14 [8] (Distribution record)
Lutz, F. E. (1924). Some characters of American Meliponidae pp. 202-232 in Lutz, F. E. Apparently non-selective characters and combinations of characters, including a study of ultraviolet in relation to the flower visiting habits of insects. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 29: 181–283 [205, 207, 208] (as Trigona clavipes, taxonomic characters, mandible, figure: mandible)
Machado, M. F. P. S. (1992). Estudo da glicerol-3-fosfato desidrogenase em abelhas e vespas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). [thesis abstract] pp. 252-253 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [252, 253] (biochemistry, enzymes)
Machado, M. F. P. S. & Contel, E. P. B. (1991). Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isozyme variation in adult meliponids (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Biochem. Genetics 29 (11/12): 593–600 [594, 596, 598] (biochemistry, enzymes)
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Maués, M. M. (2002). Reproductive phenology and pollination of the Brazil nut stree [sic] (Bertholletia excelsa Humb. & Bonpl. Lecythidaceae) in eastern Amazonia pp. 245-254 in Kevan, P. G. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (ed.) Pollinating bees: the conservation link between agriculture and nature. Brasília: Ministry of Environment 313 pp. [252, 252] (flower record: Bertholetia excelsa (Lecythidaceae), daily activity)
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Moure, J. S. (1971). Descrição de uma nova espécie de Tetragona do Brasil Central (Hymenoptera - Apidae). Bol. Univ. Fed. Paraná 4 (10): 47-50 [49] (taxonomic note)
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Nogueira-Neto, P. (1992). A arquitetura das células de cria dos Meliponinae (Apoidea, Hymenoptera). [thesis abstract] pp. 335-339 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [336, 339] (brood cell)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1993). Novas técnicas para criar meliponíneos (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Publ. Tecnapis Ecol. Etol. 5: 1-16 [4] (folk name: "borá", rearing, parasite: Phoridae)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1997). Vida e criação de abelhas indígenas sem ferrão. São Paulo: Editora Nogueirapis 1-446 pp. [50,62,71-72,146,159,168,178,194,201,215-216,230-232,265,323] (338,374,383. propolis, nest characteristics, royal cells, figure, geographic record, nesting site: hollow of tree, Spathodea campanulata, rearing, artificial hive, aggressiveness, worker oviposition, honey, citation, parasite: Pseudohypocera (Phoridae))
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1999). Stressful situations and their consequences on sex determination and on the behavior of stingless bees (Meliponinae, Apidae, Hymenoptera). Rev. Etol. 1 (1): 65-68 [66] (inbreeding)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (2002). Inbreeding and building up small populations of stingless bees. Rev. Bras. Zool. 19 (4): 1181-1214 [1184, 1185, 1188-1189, 1197] (rearing, inbreeding, colony age, geographic record, nesting site: hollow in Spathoidea [sic] sp. tree, colony division)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (2002). Ainda a questão da viabilidade genética e ecológica das pequenas populações e dos fragmentos florestais pp. 15-17 in Garófalo et al. (ed.) V Encontro sobre abelhas: anais. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Biologia xxv+355 pp. [17] (folk name: "borá", geographic record, rearing, colony division)
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Pedro, S. R. M. (1994). Interações entre abelhas e flores em uma área de cerrado no NE do estado de São Paulo: abelhas coletoras de óleo (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae) pp. 243-256 in Zucchi, R., Drumond, P. M., Fernandes-da-Silva, P. G. & Augusto, S. C. (ed.) Anais do I Encontro sobre Abelhas de Ribeirão Preto. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo xx+308 pp. [253] (geographic record, relative abundance, flower records: Banisteriopsis laevifolia, Banisteriopsis sp., Byrsonima intermedia, B. crassa, Mascagnia cordifolia, Tetrapterys sp. (Malpighiaceae))
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Pedro, S. R. M. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1999). Apoidea apiformes pp. 193-211 in Brandão, C. R. F. & E. M. Cancello (ed.) Biodiversidade do Estado de São Paulo. Invertebrados Terrestres Vol. 5. São Paulo: Fapesp [201] (? uncertain identity, list)
Peters, J. M., Queller, D. C., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L., Roubik, D. & Strassmann, J. E. (1999). Mate number, kin selection and social conflicts in stingless bees and honeybees. Proc. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. Ser. B 266: 379-384 [381] (microsatellite genotyping, genetic relatedeness, inbreeding, geographic record)
Peters, J. M., Queller, D. C., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. & Strassmann, J. (1998). Microsatellite loci for stingless-bees. Molecular Ecology 7: 783-792 [785, 786] (? uncertain identity, molecular analysis, microsatellite)
Posey, D. A. (1983). Keeping of stingless bees by the Kayapó indians of Brazil. J. Ethnobiol. 3 (1): 63-73 [71] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, ethnobiology, Kayapó indians, list, geographic record)
Posey, D. A. (1986). Etnoentomologia de tribos indígenas da Amazônia [in large part translation of Posey & Camargo, 1985] pp. 251-271 in Ribeiro, D. (ed.), Ribeiro, B. G. (coord.) (ed.) Suma Etnológica Brasileira, 1 Etnobiologia. Petrópolis: Ed. Vozes / FINEP 302 pp. [265] (ethnobiology, folk name: i-kàikà, Kayapó indians, honey)
Posey, D. A. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1985). Additional notes on the classification and knowledge of stingless bees (Meliponinae, Apidae, Hymenoptera) by the Kayapó Indians of Gorotire, Pará, Brazil. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 54: 247-274 [247, 250, 258, 260, 266] (ethnobiology, folk name: "ikài-kà", Kayapó indians, honey, behavior, habitat, nesting site: hollows in trees, smell, nest entrance, nest aggregation)
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Reyne, A. (1962). Angelloze bijen (Meliponidae) voorkomende in Suriname. Entomol. Ber. 22 (2): 30–37 [35] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, geographic records)
Rêgo, M. & Brito, C. (1996). Abelhas sociais (Apidae: Meliponini) em um ecossistema de cerrado s.l. (Chapadinha - MA, BR): distribuição dos ninhos pp. 238-247 in Garófalo, C. A., Soares, A. E. E., Paulino-Simões, Z. L. & Camillo, E. (ed.) Anais do II Encontro sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto xxii+351 pp. [239, 241, 244, 246, 247] (geographic record, nesting site: Salvertia convallariodora (Vochysiaceae), nest aggregation, nest entrance)
Rocha, M. P., Pompolo, S. G. & Campos, L. A. O. (2003). Citogenética da tribo Meliponini (Hymenoptera, Apidae) pp. 311-320 in Melo, G. A. R. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (ed.) Apoidea Neotropica: Homenagem aos 90 anos de Jesus Santiago Moure. Criciúma: Editora UNESC 320 pp. [312, 313, 315, 317, 318] (geographic record, cytogenetics, chromosomes number: 2n=34, karyotype, figures)
Roel, A.R., Peruca, R.D., Lima, F.V.O., Cheung, K.C., Araujo Neto, A., Silva, L.V. & Soares, S. (2019). Diversity of Meliponini and anothers [sic] Apiformes (Apidae sensu lato) in a Cerrado fragment and its surrounding, Campo Grande, MS. Biota Neotropica 19 (2): 1-5 [2] (Distribution record)
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Roubik, D. W. (1978). Competitive interactions between neotropical pollinators and Africanized honey bees. Science 201: 1030-1032 [1031] (as T. clavipes, flower record: Rhynchospora globosa (Cyperaceae), competitive interactions)
Roubik, D. W. (1979). Nest and colony characteristics of stingless bees from French Guiana (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 52 (3): 443-470 [444, 446, 449, 450, 452, 454, 457, 461, 462, 465-466] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, nesting site: tree cavities: Mangifera indica, nest characteristics, habitat, combs, cocoons, nest entrance, figures, nest population, developmental stages, resin, defense behavior, inquiline: Camponotus, pollen, queen cells)
Roubik, D. W. (1979). Africanized honey bees, stingless bees, and the structure of tropical plant-pollinator communities pp. 403-417 in Caron, D. (ed.) Proc. IV Int. Symp. Poll. Maryland Agric. Exp. Sta. Spec. Misc. Publ. Vol. 1. Maryland: Maryland Agricultural Experimental Station [412] (as Trigona clavipes, pollen foraging behavior, extrafloral nectary, flower record: Malvaceae, geographic record)
Roubik, D. W. (1980). Foraging behavior of competing africanized honeybees and stingless bees. Ecology 61 (4): 836-845 [836, 838, 839, 840, 841, 842, 843] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, competitive interactions, aggressive behavior, foraging behavior, recruitment, resin, artificial feeders, nest population)
Roubik, D. W. (1989). Ecology and natural history of tropical bees. New York: Cambridge University Press 1-514 +x pp. [153, 374] (flower visits, nest characteristics, nesting site: tree trunk, figure)
Roubik, D. W. (1990). Niche preemption in tropical bee communities: a comparison of Neotropical and Malesian faunas pp. 245-257 in Sakagami, S. F., Ohgushi, R. & Roubik, D. W. (ed.) Natural history of social wasps and bees in Equatorial Sumatra. Sapporo: Hokkaido University Press [249, 253] (flower visits, foraging behavior, aggressiveness, citation)
Roubik, D. W. (1992). Stingless Bees: A guide to Panamanian and Mesoamerican species and their nests (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) pp. 495-524 in Quintero, D. & A. Aiello (ed.) Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica. Selected Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press 692 pp. [503] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, tibia, figure)
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Sakagami, S. F. (1982). Stingless bees pp. 361-421 in Hermann, H. R. (ed.) Social Insects Vol. 3. New York: Academic Press [366] (classification, citation)
Sakagami, S. F., Beig, D. & Akahira,Y. (1964). Behavior studies of the stingless bees, with special reference to the oviposition process. III. Appearance of laying workers in a colony of Partamona (Partamona) testacea testacea (KLUG). Jpn. J. Ecol. 14 (2): 50-57 [55] (as Trigona (Tetragona) dorsalis, worker ovarian development)
Sakagami, S. F. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1964). Cerumen collection accompanied by thieving and attacking in a stingless bee, Nannotrigona (Scaptotrigona) postica (Latreille), with a consideration on territoriality in social insectes. Revista Biologia Tropical 12 (2): 197-207 [197, 198] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, nesting site: hollow tree-trunk, artificial hive, pillage)
Sakagami, S. F. & Zucchi, R. (1966). Estudo comparativo do comportamento de várias espécies de abelhas sem ferrão, com especial referência ao processo de aprovisionamento e postura de células. Ciência e Cultura 18(3): 283-296 [287] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, list, provisioning, oviposition behavior)
Sakagami, S. F. & Zucchi, R. (1967). Behavior studies of the stingless bees, with special reference to the oviposition process VI. Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Univer 16 (2): 292-313 [292-313] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, nesting site: hollow tree trunk, nest characteristics, behavior, cell construction, provisioning, oviposition, figures)
Sakagami, S. F. & Zucchi, R. (1968). Oviposition behavior of an amazonic stingless bee, Trigona (Duckeola) ghilianii. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Univer 16(4): 564-581 [579] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, behavioral characters, comparative note)
Schulz, W. A. (1904). Hymenopteren Amazoniens. Sitzungsber. König. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Mathem.-physik. Kl 33 (1903): 757-832 [826] (as Trigona clavipes, geographic records, citation, geographic range)
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Schwarz, H. F. (1937). Results of the Oxford University Sarawak (Borneo) expedition: Bornean stingless bees of the genus Trigona. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 73: 281-329 [285] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, taxonomic note)
Schwarz, H. F. (1939). The Indo-Malayan species of Trigona. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 76 (3): 83-141 [84] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, taxonomic note)
Schwarz, H. F. (1940). Additional species and records of stingless bees (Meliponidae) from British Guiana. Am. Mus. Novit. 1078: 1-12 [7, 8] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, geographic record, taxonomic note)
Schwarz, H. F. (1948). Stingless bees (Meliponidae) of the Western Hemisphere. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 90: xvii+546 [52-53, 170] (as Trigona (Tetragona) clavipes, virgin queen, royal cells, male production, genotype, citation)
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Silveira, F. A., G. A. R. Melo & E. A. B. Almeida (2002). Abelhas Brasileiras: Sistemática e Identificação. Belo Horizonte: F. A. Silveira 253 pp. [91] (list, geographic range)
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Siqueira, E.N.L., Bartelli, B.F., Nascimento, A.R.T. & Nogueira-Ferreira, F.H. (2012). Diversity and Nesting Substrates of Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponina) in a Forest Remnant. Psyche (Camb.) 370895 (9): 1-9 [5] (Distribution record)
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Souza, V. C., Cortopassi-Laurino, M., Simão-Bianchini, R., Pirani, J. R., Azoubel, M. L., Guibu, L. S. & Giannini, T. C. (1993). Plantas apícolas de São Paulo e arredores pp. 43-192 in Pirani, J. R. & Cortopassi-Laurino, M. (ed.) Flores e Abelhas em São Paulo. São Paulo: EDUSP / FAPESP 194 pp. [54, 154] (folk name: "vorá", flower record: Syagrus romanzoffiana (Palmae))
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Spinola, M. (1853). Compte rendu des Hyménoptères inédits provenants du voyage entomologique de M. Ghiliani dans le Para en 1846. Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino (2) 13: 19-94 [93] (as Trigona clavipes, taxonomic note, synonymy)
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Online since: 23 Jul 2008
Last update : 17 Jul 2023