APIDAE ›› Apinae ›› Meliponini ›› Melipona ›› Melipona (Melipona)

Melipona (Melipona) phenax Cockerell, 1919
Melipona orbignyi jenningsi Cockerell, T. D. A. (1919). Bees in the collection of the United States Museum. - 3. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 55: 167-221 [199] (junior subjective synonym) .
Type data: holotype USNM 21669 <M> male.
Type locality: Las Cascadas, Canal Zone, Panama, A. H. Jennings.

Melipona phenax Cockerell, T. D. A. (1919). Bees in the collection of the United States Museum. - 3. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 55: 167-221 [195] .
Type data: holotype USNM 21661 <F> worker , paratype USNM <F> worker (1) (see Schwarz, 1932: 340).
Type locality: Ecuador, Baker collection.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

Cockerell, T. D. A (1928). Bees collected by Nathan Banks in the vicinity of the Panama Canal. Psyche 35 (3): 173-181 [173]
Schwarz, H. F. (1932). The genus Melipona the type genus of the Meliponidae or stingless bees. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 63 (4): 231-460 [339]

Distribution

Neotropical Region: Colombia (Cundinamarca), Ecuador, Panama (Colón, Panamá), Panama Canal Zone

References

Bego, L. R., Zucchi, R. & Mateus, S. (1991). Notas sobre a estratégia alimentar (cleptobiose) de Lestrimelitta limao Smith (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Naturalia (São Paulo) 16: 119-127 [126] (as Melipona favosa phenax, note, citation)
Bennett, C. F., Jr. (1965). Beekeeping with stingless bees in Western Panama. Bee World 46 (1): 23-24 [23, 24] (as Melipona favosa phenax, beekeeping)
Camargo, J. M. F., Moure, J. S. & Roubik, D. W. (1988). Melipona yucatanica new species (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae); stingless bee dispersal across the Caribbean arc and post-Eocene vicariance. Pan-Pac. Entomol. 64 (2): 147-157 [148] (as Melipona favosa phenax, geographic range)
Cockerell, T. D. A (1928). Bees collected by Nathan Banks in the vicinity of the Panama Canal. Psyche 35 (3): 173-181 [173] (as Melipona orbignyi phenax, synonymy, taxonomic note, geographic record)
Cockerell, T. D. A (1928). Bees collected by Dr. W. M. Wheeler at flowers of Triplaris. Psyche 35: 170-172 [171, 172] (as Melipona orbignyi phenax, geographic records, flower records: Triplaris, Cordia, taxonomic note)
Crane, E. (1999). The world history of beekeeping and honey hunting. New York: Routledge xxii+682 pp. [82, 189, 198] (as Melipona favosa, and M. favosa phenax, honey production, beekeeping, citation)
Griswold, T., Parker, F. D. & Hanson, P. E. (1995). The bees (Apidae) pp. 650-691 in Hanson, P. E. & Gauld, I. D. (ed.) The Hymenoptera of Costa Rica. London: Natural History Museum 893 pp. [689] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa, geographic range, citation)
Kerr, W. E. (1948). Estudos sobre o gênero Melipona. An. Esc. Sup. Agric. "Luiz de Queiroz" 5 (88): 181-276 + 51 figures [186] (as Melipona favosa phenax, geographic range, citation)
Kerr, W. E. (1951). Bases para o estudo da genética de populações dos Hymenoptera em geral e dos Apinae sociais em particular. An. Esc. Sup. Agric. "Luiz de Queiroz" 8: 219-354 [274, 281] (as Melipona favosa phenax, male aggregation, nest density, citation)
Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (1996). Enxameagem pp. 47-52 in Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (ed.) Abelha Uruçu. Biologia, Manejo e Conservação. Belo Horizonte: Fundação Acangaú 144 pp. [50] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa, male aggregation, citation)
Lutz, F. E. & Cockerell, T. D. A (1920). Notes on distribution and bibliography of North American bees of the families Apidae, Meliponidae, Bombidae, Euglossidae, and Anthophoridae. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 42: 491-641 [494] (as Melipona orbignyi jenningsi, geographic record)
Michener, C. D. (1946). Notes on the habits of some panamanian stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae). J. N. Y. Entomol. Soc. 54 (3): 179-197 [180, 181, 183, 184] (as Melipona favosa phenax, nest density, nesting site: crumbling masonry walls and in abandoned termite nest, nest characteristics, nest entrance, nest defense, male aggregations, male behavior, flower records: Simsia grandiflora)
Michener, C. D. (1954). Bees of Panamá. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 104 (1): 5-175 [164] (as Melipona favosa phenax, synonymy, geographic records)
Nates-Parra, G. (1995). Las abejas sin aguijon del genero Melipona (Hymenoptera: Meliponinae) en Colombia. Bol. Mus. Ent. Valle 3 (2): 21-33 [24] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa phenax, list, folk name: "rabipintada", "cargabarro")
Nates-Parra, G. (2001). Las abejas sin aguijón (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2 (3): 233-248 [238] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa phenax, geographic range, altitudinal record)
Nates-Parra, G. & Roubik, D. W. (1990). Sympatry among subspecies of Melipona favosa in Colombia and a taxonomic revision. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 63 (1): 200-203 [201, 202] (as Melipona favosa phenax, taxonomic characters, taxonomic notes, hybridization [?])
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1954). Notas bionômicas sôbre Meliponíneos III- Sôbre a enxameagem (Hymenoptera- Apoidea). Arquivos do Museu Nacional 42: 419-452 [425] (as Melipona favosa plumax [lapsus calami, = phenax], male aggregation, citation)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1970). A criação de abelhas indígenas sem ferrão (Meliponinae). São Paulo: Tecnapis 2nd Edn 1-365 pp. [136] (as Melipona favosa phenax, rearing, citation)
Roubik, D. W. (1983). Nest and colony characteristics of stingless bees from Panamá (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 53 (6): 327-355 [331, 336, 340, 346, 350] (as Melipona favosa phenax, nesting site: in walls and tree cavities, nest entrance, nest characteristics, nest population, honey, sugar concentration)
Roubik, D. W. (1992). Stingless Bees: A guide to Panamanian and Mesoamerican species and their nests (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) pp. 495-524 in Quintero, D. & A. Aiello (ed.) Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica. Selected Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press 692 pp. [498, 505, 508, 520, 523] (as Melipona favosa orbignyi, partim: except Mato Grosso - Brazil, Paraguay, Ecuador and Colombia, key, figure: tibia, head, synonymy, diagnosis, nesting site: tree, rearing, nest entrance, behavior, geographic range)
Roubik, D. W. (1993). Direct costs of forest reproduction, bee-cycling and the efficiency of pollination modes. Journal of Biosciences 18 (4): 537-553 [548] (as Melipona favosa orbignyi, synonmymy, geographic range)
Sakagami, S. F., Roubik, D. W. & Zucchi, R. (1993). Ethology of the robber stingless bee, Lestrimelitta limao (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Sociobiology 21 (2): 237-277 [249, 261, 262] (as Melipona favosa, raids: Lestrimelitta)
Schwarz, H. F. (1932). The genus Melipona the type genus of the Meliponidae or stingless bees. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 63 (4): 231-460 [328, 335, 339-341] (as Melipona favosa phenax, key, taxonomic note, synonymy, redescription, description: male, geographic range, geographic records)
Schwarz, H. F. (1934). The social bees (Meliponidae) of Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone. Am. Mus. Novit. 731: 1-23 [8] (as Melipona favosa phenax, synonymy, geographic records, nesting sites: wall of frame houses, nest defense, nest entrance, flower record: "morning glory")
Schwarz, H. F. (1948). Stingless bees (Meliponidae) of the Western Hemisphere. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 90: xvii+546 [12, 14, 20, 58, 81, 102, 113, 258] (as Melipona favosa phenax, nest density, nesting site: in abandoned termite nest, male aggregation, nest defense, foraging behavior, hamuli, geographic range)
Smith-Pardo, A. H. (2003). A preliminary account of the bees of Colombia (Hymenoptera: Apoidea): present knowledge and future directions. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 76 (2): 335-341 [338] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa phenax, list)
Vergara, C. B., Villa, A. L. & Nates-Parra, G. (1986). Nidificación de meliponinos (Hymenoptera: Apidae) de la región central de Colombia. Revista de Biologia Tropical 34(2): 181-184 [183] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa phenax, geographic record, nesting site: natural cavity, nest entrance)
Wille, A. & C. D. Michener (1973). The nest architecture of stingless bees with special reference to those of Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 21 (Suplemento 1): 1-278 [16, 28, 51, 62, 74, 82, 84, 85] (as Melipona favosa phenax, nesting site: artificial cavities, in termite nest, nest characteristics, nest defense, figure: nest entrance)

Online since: 23 Jul 2008
Last update : 17 Jul 2023