Trigona truculenta Almeida, 1984
Common Name: "sanharó"
Trigona decumana
Spinola, M. (1840). Observationes sur les apiaires meliponides. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. Biol. Anim. 13: 116-140 [124] (nom. nud. [Spinola 1840: 124, proposed Trigona decumana Klug as probable variety of Apis amalthea Fabricius [error, = Apis amalthea Olivier; see also Spinola,1853: 92, comparative note]) .
Trigona (Trigona) truculenta
Almeida, M. C. (1984). Duas espécies novas de Trigona (s. str.) (Apidae, Meliponinae) da região neotropical. Dusenia 14 (3): 129-144 [130] .
Type data: holotype DZUP <F> worker , paratype DZUP <F> workers (20).
Type locality: Tefé, Amazonas, Brasil, XI.1959, R. Carvalho col..
Distribution
Neotropical Region: Bolivia (Cochabamba, El Beni, Potosí, Santa Cruz), Brazil (Acre [Rio Branco], Amapá, Amazonas [Manaus, Santo Antônio Do Içá, Tapauá, Tefé], Bahia, Goiás, Maranhão [Balsas, Caxias, Chapadinha], Mato Grosso [Chapada Dos Guimarães, Cuiabá], Mato Grosso do Sul [Bonito], Minas Gerais [Araguari, Lassance, Paraopeba], Pará [Belterra, Belém, Itaituba, Santarém, Tucuruí], Rondônia [Porto Velho], São Paulo [Avanhandava, Bauru, Corumbataí, Franca, Jundiaí, Monte Alegre Do Sul, Rio Claro]), Colombia (Meta), Peru (Loreto)
References
Abdalla, F. C. (2002). Glândula de Dufour pp. 127-149 in Cruz-Landim, C. & Abdalla, F. C. (ed.) Glândulas exócrinas das abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: FUNPEC xi+181 pp. [135] (as Trigona amalthea, note, ovary development)
Absy, M. L., Camargo, J. M. F., Kerr, W. E. & Miranda, I. P. A. (1984). Espécies de plantas visitadas por Meliponinae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), para coleta de pólen na região do médio Amazonas. Rev. Bras. Biol. 44 (2): 227-237 [228, 231-235] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, geographic record, pollen records: Bactris gasipaes (Palmae), Cassia siamea (Leguminosae), Didymopanax morototoni, (Araliaceae), Maximiliana martiana (Palmae), Passiflora coccinea (Passifloraceae), Spondias mombim, Tapirira guianensis (Anacardiaceae), Myrtaceae, Palmae)
Alfken, J. D. (1930). Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der schwedischen entomologischen Reisen des Herrn Dr. A. Roman 1914-1915 und 1923-1924 in Amazonas. Ark. Zool. 21A (28): 1-16 [2, 10] (as Trigona silvestriana, synonymy, geographic records)
Alfken, J. D. (1932). Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Sammelreise nach Brasilien, insbesorende in das Amazonasgebiet, ausgeführt von Dr. H. Zerny. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museum in Wien 46: 303-307 [306] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona silvestriana [*from Schwarz, 1948:244])
Almeida, M. C. (1984). Duas espécies novas de Trigona (s. str.) (Apidae, Meliponinae) da região neotropical. Dusenia 14 (3): 129-144 [130-138, 141, 142] (as Trigona (Trigona) truculenta, synonymy, description, taxonomy, comparative notes, nesting site: open cavities in tree trunks, semi-exposed, nest characteristics, behavior, swarming, scent trail, glands, folk names: "sanharão", "sanharó", "udjy", domestication, citation, geographic range, geographic records, figures: male, hind tibia, wing)
Almeida, M. C. (1992). Estudo de algumas espécies de Trigona Jurine, 1807 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Meliponinae) da região neotropical. [dissertation abstract] pp. 23-24 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [23, 24] (taxonomy)
Andena, S.R., Bego, L.R. & Mechi, M.R. (2005). A Comunidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) de uma área de cerrado (Corumbataí, SP) e suas visitas às flores. Rev. Bras. Zoocien. 7 (1): 55-91 [61] (Distribution record)
Ayala, R. (1999). Revision de las abejas sin aguijon de Mexico (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini). Folia Entomológica Mexicana 106: 1-123 [104] (as Trigona trinidadensis and Trigona truculenta, taxonomic note, synonymy, citation)
Baumgartner, D. L. & Roubik, D. W. (1989). Ecology of Necrophilous and Filth-Gathering Stingless Bees (Apidae: Meliponinae) of Peru. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 62 (1): 11-22 [14] (non-floral baits, altitudinal range, asynanthropy)
Burmeister, H. C. C. (1853). Reise nach Brasilien, durch die Provinzen von Rio de Janeiro und Minas Geraës. Berlin: . 219-220 pp. [219-220] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona Amalthea [sic; * from Schwarz, 1948: 209 and Friese, 1908: 35-36])
Camargo, J. M. F. (1988). Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) da coleção do "Istituto di Entomologia Agraria", Portici, Itália. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 32 (3/4): 351–374 [368] (geographic records)
Camargo, J. M. F. (1994). Biogeografia de Meliponini (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae): a fauna amazônica pp. 46-59 in Zucchi, R., Drumond, P. M., Fernandes-da-Silva, P. G. & Augusto, S. C. (ed.) Anais do I Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo xx+308 pp. [50] (nest, list)
Camargo, J. M. F. & J. S. Moure (1988). Notas sobre os Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) colecionados por Filippo Silvestri na bacia do Rio da Prata. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 32 (2): 293-314 [294, 301] (synonymy, geographic record)
Camargo, J. M. F. & Roubik, D. W. (1991). Systematics and bionomics of the apoid obligate necrophages: the Trigona hypogea group (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Meliponinae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 44: 13-39 [35] (queen cells, citation)
Cockerell, T. D. A (1912). New bees from Brazil. Psyche 19: 41-61 [61] (as Trigona silvestriana, geographic record)
Cockerell, T. D. A (1913). Meliponine bees from Central America. Psyche 20 (1): 10-14 [10] (as Trigona silvestriana, synonymy, citation [Trigona amalthea of Silvestri])
Costa, R. A. C. (2002). Glândulas hipofaríngeas pp. 91-109 in Cruz-Landim, C. & F. C. Abdalla (ed.) Glândulas exócrinas das abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: FUNPEC xi+181 pp. [94] (as Trigona amalthea, hypopharyngeal glands, citation)
Crane, E. (1999). The world history of beekeeping and honey hunting. New York: Routledge xxii+682 pp. [289] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, list, beekeeping [error?])
Cruz Landim, C. (1967). Estudo comparativo de algumas glândulas das abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) e respectivas implicações evolutivas. Arquivos de Zoologia 15 (3): 177-290 [194, 201, 208, 209, 221, 266, 267, 268-269, 270] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, geographic record, synonymy, morphology, histology, salivary glands, mandibular glands, figures, hypopharyngeal glands, wax glands, scent glands, phylogeny)
Cruz-Landim, C. (1994). Polimorfismo na ocorrência de glândulas exócrinas nas abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) pp. 118-129 in Zucchi, R., Drumond, P. M., Fernandes-da-Silva, P. G. & Augusto, S. C. (ed.) Anais do I Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo xx+308 pp. [120] (salivary gland)
Cruz-Landim, C., Moraes, R. L. M. S., Salles, H. C. & Reginato, R. D. (1998). Note on glands present in Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) bees legs. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (1): 159-165 [160] (exocrine gland in bee legs)
Cruz-Landim, C. & Mota, M. H. V. B. (1990). Occurrence of tegumentary glands in stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) pp. 587-588 in Veeresh, G. K., Mallik, B. & Viraktamath, C. A. (ed.) Social insects and the environment: proceedings of the 11th international congress of IUSSI, Bangalore, India. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. xxxi+765 pp. [587] (tegumentary glands)
Cruz-Landim, C. & Serrão, J. E. (1994). The evolutive significance of pollen use as protein resource by Trigonini bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). J. Adv. Zool. 15 (1): 1-5 [1] (pollen digestion)
Cunha, R. A. (1973). Taxonomia numérica de alguns Meliponinae (Hymenoptera- Apidae). Ciência Biológica (Portugal) 1: 25-42 [27 (reprint, page 3)] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, unnumbered pages: figures 2-7, phenetic analysis, phenograms)
Cunha, R. A. (1991). Revisão da taxonomia de alguns Meliponinae por métodos fenéticos (Hym., Apidae). Naturalia (São Paulo) 16: 33-53 [36, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 50] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, OTU 18, phenetic analysis, phenograms)
Dodson, C. H. (1967). Relationships between pollinators and orchid flowers pp. 1-72 in Lent, H. (ed.) Atas do simpósio sôbre a biota amazônica Vol. 5: zoologia. Rio de Janeiro: Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas 603 pp. [19, 20, 70] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona cf. trinidadensis and Trigona amalthea, partim:figure [see also Trigona malthea Olivier], pollination: Xylobium latilabium (Orchidaceae), figure)
Ducke, A. (1907). Contribution a la connaissance de la faune Hyménoptérologique du Nord-Est du Brésil. Revue d' Entomologie 26: 73-96 [90] (as Trigona amalthea, geographic records, geographic range)
Ducke, A. (1910). Contribution à la connaissance de la faune hyménoptérologique du nord-est du Brésil. III. Hyménoptères récoltés dans l'Etat de Ceará en 1909 et suppléments aux deux listes antérieures. Rev. Entomol. (Caen) 28: 78-122 [108] (as Trigona silvestriana, synonymy, geographic range, taxonomic note)
Ducke, A. (1916). Enumeração dos Hymenopteros colligidos pela Comissão e Revisão das espécies de abelhas do Brasil. Comm. Lin. Teleg. Estr. M. Gr. ao Amazonas 35: 3-171 [15, 35, 41, 134-135] (as Melipona silvestriana, partim [except Honduras Britannico = Belize, Colombia: Popayan, Equador occidental], key, folk name: "sanharó", "sanharão", synonymy, geographic records, nest entrance, aggressive behavior, figure: plate 7 - figure 21: hind leg)
Ducke, A. (1925). Die stachellosen Bienen (Melipona) Brasiliens, Nach morphologischen und ethologischen Merkmalen geordnet. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 49: 335-448 [344, 354, 421-422] (as Melipona silvestriana, partim [except Honduras Britannico = Belize, Colombia: Popayan, Equador occidental], geographic range, key, folk name: "sanharó", "sanharão", synonymy, geographic records, nest entrance, aggressive behavior, figures: plate 4 - figure 21: hind leg)
Francke, W., Lübke, G., Schröder, W., Reckziegel, A., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V., Kleinert, A., Engels, E., Hartfelder, K., Radtke, R. & Engels, W. (2000). Identification of oxygen containing volatiles in cephalic secretions of workers of Brazilian stingless bees. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 11 (6): 562-571 [563, 564-566, 569, 570] (biochemistry, cephalic secretions, volatile oxygen compounds)
Friese, H. (1908). Beitrag zur Bienenfauna der Kleinen Antillen und der Bermudas. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere Supl. 11: 33-40 [35-36] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthea, partim: specimens from Brazil [data from Burmeister], nest)
Friese, H. (1913). Über einige nomenklatorische Änderungen. Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 1913: 579-580 [579, 580] (as Trigona amalthea, partim [citation of Burmeister, 1853:219 and Lepeletier] synonymy, taxonomic notes, comparative notes)
Friese, H. (1916). Zur bienenfauna von Costa Rica (Hym.). Stett. Entomol. Ztg. 77: 287-348 [299] (as Trigona amalthea, partim [Paraguay and Blumenal - Brazil; see alsoTrigona amalthea Olivier and Trigona silvestriana Vachal], geographic records)
Gonzalez, V. H. (2000). Meliponini (Hymenoptera: Apidae) del noroccidente del departamento del Caquetá, Colombia: lista preliminar y perspectivas en su exploitación. Tacaya 10: 6-8 [8] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) truculenta, list)
Graf, V. (1968). Observações sobre o canal salivar cefálico de alguns Apidae. Boletim da Universidade Federal do Paraná 3 (3): 65-78 [75] (as Trigona amalthea [*from Almeida, 1984: 130])
Graf, V. (1972). Contribuição ao estudo da Anatomia da cabeça dos Apoidea. II- A musculatura do complexo lábio-maxilar. Boletim da Universidade Federal do Paraná 5 (3): 139-173 [141] (as Trigona amalthea [*from Almeida, 1984: 130])
Grünberg, K. (1904). H. v. Ihering, Biologie der stachellosen Honigbienen brasiliens [review]. Biol. Centralbl. 24: 7-18 [14] (as Trigona amalthea [*from Schwarz, 1948: 243])
Haliday, A. H. (1837). Descriptions, etc. of the Hymenoptera. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoo 17: 316-331 [321] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthea, geographic record)
Heard, T. A. (1999). The role of stingless bees in crop pollination. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 44: 183-206 [187] (as Trigona amalthea, flight range, citation)
Ihering, H. (1903). As abelhas sociais do Brasil e suas denominações tupis. Revista do Instituto Historico e Geográfico de São 8: 376-388 [381, 383, 386] (as Trigona amalthea [*from Schwarz, 1948: 243])
Ihering, H. (1903). Biologie der stachellosen Honigbienen Brasiliens. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 19: 179-287 [204, 239, 263, 277, 288] (as Trigona amalthea, partim [except exposed nest] folk name: "sanharó", geographic record, nesting site: hollow trunk, aggressiveness, carrion and excrements visiting, etymology, figure: plate 10 - figure 2)
Ihering, H. (1930). Biologia das abelhas melliferas do Brasil. Boletim de Agricultura 31 (5-6): 435-506, 649-714 [463, 464, 652, 653, 678, 697, 700, 713] (as Trigona amalthea, partim [except exposed nest] folk name: "sanharó", "sanharô", geographic record, nesting site: hollow trunk, aggressiveness, carrion and excrements visiting, etymology, synonymy)
Ihering, R. (2002). Dicionário dos animais do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: DIFEL 1-588 + 12 plates pp. [451, 571] (as Trigona malthea [sic] and Trigona silvestriana, folk name: "sanharão", "sanharó", aggressiveness, nesting site: hollow trunks, rotten organic material)
Kerr, W. E. (1951). Bases para o estudo da genética de populações dos Hymenoptera em geral e dos Apinae sociais em particular. An. Esc. Sup. Agric. "Luiz de Queiroz" 8: 219-354 [294, 295, 297, 300] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea and Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis, slow flight, defense, mandibles, mimicry, behavior, pillage)
Kerr, W. E. (1959). Bionomy of meliponids - VI - aspects of food gathering and processing in some stingless bees pp. 24-31 in Morse, R. A. (ed.) Symposium on Food Gathering Behavior of Hymenoptera - 7th Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of America. Cornell: Cornell University 33 pp. [24, 27] (as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis, flight range, behavior, communication, artificial feeding)
Kerr, W. E. (1960). Evolution of communication in bees and its role in speciation. Evolution 14 (3): 386-387 [387] (as Trigona trinidadensis, communication, odor marks distance)
Kerr, W. E. (1969). Some aspects of the evolution of social bees (Apidae). Evol. Biol. 3: 119-175 [145, 166] (as Trigona amalthea and Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, behavior, communication, scent marks, phylogeny)
Kerr, W. E., Blum, M. & Fales, H. M. (1981). Communication of food source between workers of Trigona (Trigona) spinipes. Rev. Bras. Biol. 41 (3): 619-623 [619] (as Trigona trinidadensis, communication, scent path, citation)
Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (1996). Ninhos de meliponíneos pp. 31-35 in Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (ed.) Abelha Uruçu. Biologia, Manejo e Conservação. Belo Horizonte: Fundação Acangaú 144 pp. [32] (as Trigona truculenta and Trigona trinidadensis, exposed nest [? error], folk name: "sanharó")
Kerr, W. E. & Esch, H. (1965). Comunicação entre as abelhas sociais brasileiras e sua contribuição para o entendimento da sua evolução. Ciência e Cultura (SP) 17 (4): 529-538 [533, 536] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, phylogeny, glands, citation, communication)
Kerr, W. E., Ferreira, A. & Mattos, N. S. (1963). Communication among stingless bees- additional data (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. N. Y. Entomol. Soc. 71(2): 80-90 [84-85] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, synonymy, nesting site: cavity in tree trunk: Eucalyptus, communication, training, artificial feeder, mandibular gland scent)
Kerr, W. E. & Lello, E. (1962). Sting glands in stingless bees - a vestigial character (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. N. Y. Entomol. Soc. 70: 190-214 [191, 203, 208, 210] (as Trigona (Trigona) truculenta, synonymy, glands, mandible, phylogeny)
Laroca, S. & M. C. Almeida (1994). O relicto de cerrado de Jaguariaíva, (Paraná, Brasil): I. padrões biogeográficos, melissocenoses e flora melissófila. Acta Biol. Paranaense (Curitiba) 23 (1,2,3,4): 89-101 [101] (as Trigona amalthea and Trigona truculenta, habitat, citation)
Lenko, K. & Papavero, N. (1996). Insetos no folclore. São Paulo: Plêiade, FAPESP 2nd Edn 1-468 pp. [279] (as Trigona amalthea and Trigona silvestriana, folk name: "sanharó", "sanharão", body size, aggressiveness, nesting site: hollow trunk, honey, carrion visiting, citation)
Lepeletier, A. L. M. (1836). Histoire Naturelle des Insectes- Hyménoptères. Paris: Roret Vol. 1 1-547 pp. [425] (as Trigona amalthea, partim: description, diagnosis, comparative notes)
Lima, F.V.O. & Silvestre, R. (2017). Abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apidae sensu lato) do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 107 (supl.): 1-14 [8] (Distribution record)
Maidl, F. (1934). Die Lebensgewohnheiten und Instinkte der Staatenbildenden Insekten. Vienna: Wagner ix + 823 pp. [576] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona silvestriana [*from Schwarz, 1948: 244])
Marianno, J. (1910). Sobre os meios naturaes de defesa das abelhas sem ferrão. Chácaras e Quintais 2 (1): 8-10 [8] (as Trigona amalthea [*from Schwarz, 1948: 243])
Martin, L. (1930). Les melipones tropicales du Brésil. La Nature 2826: 97-100 [97] (as Trigona almathea [sic; *from Schwarz, 1948: 244])
Michener, C. D. (1974). The social behavior of the bees. Cambridge: Belknap Press, Harvard University Press 404+xii pp. [153, 156] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, flight range, communication, odor trail, food source distance, citation)
Mota, M. H. V. B. (1992). Estudo comparativo das glândulas epidérmicas do abdômen dos meliponíneos (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). [thesis abstract] pp. 320-322 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [320, 321] (epidermal glands)
Moure, J. S. (1944). Abejas del Perú. Bol. Mus.Hist. Nat. "Javier Prado" 8 (28, 29): 67-75 [73] (as Trigona trinidadensis trinidadensis, list)
Moure, J. S. (1944). Abelhas de Monte Alegre (Est. S. Paulo) (Hym. - Apoidea). Pap. Avulsos Zool. (São Paulo) 6 (10): 103-126 [104] (as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis trinidadensis, geographic records, taxonomic characters, measurements)
Moure, J. S., P. Nogueira-Neto & W. E. Kerr (1958). Evolutionary problems among Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Proc. Tenth. Intern. Congr. Ent. 2: 481-493 [482] (as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis, aerial nest [!])
Nates-Parra, G. (2001). Las abejas sin aguijón (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2 (3): 233-248 [241] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) truculenta, partim, geographic range)
Nieh, J. C., Barreto, L. S., Contrera, F. A. L. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. I. (2004). Olfactory eavesdropping by a competitively foraging stingless bee, Trigona spinipes. Proc. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. Ser. B 271: 1633-1640 [1633] (as Trigona amalthea, communication, odor trail, foraging range, citation)
Nieh, J. C., Contrera, F. A. L., Yoon, R. R., Barreto, L. S. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (2004). Polarized short odor-trail recruitment communication by a stingless bee, Trigona spinipes. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 56: 435-448 [436] (as Trigona amalthea and Trigona trinidadensis, communication, odor trail, foraging range, citation)
Nieh, J. C. & Roubik, D. W. (1995). A stingless bee (Melipona panamica) indicates food location without using a scent trail. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 37: 63-70 [64] (as Trigona trinidadensis, synonymy, behavior, communication, buzzing, zig-zag running, trail marking pheromones, citation)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1949). Notas bionômicas sobre Meliponíneos (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). II. Sobre a pilhagem. Papéis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia 9(2): 13-32 [15, 18] (as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis trinidadensis, [*from Almeida, 1984: 130])
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1954). Notas bionômicas sôbre Meliponíneos III- Sôbre a enxameagem (Hymenoptera- Apoidea). Arquivos do Museu Nacional 42: 419-452 [424] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, swarming, citation)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1956). Destruindo irapuás. Chácaras e Quintais (SP) 93 (3): 427-428 [427] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea [*from Almeida, 1984])
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1962). The scutellum nest structure of Trigona (Trigona) spinipes Fab. (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. N. Y. Entomol. Soc. 70: 239-264 [240, 262] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, partim [citation Bertoni - see also Trigona amalthea Oivier,Trigona dallatorreana Friese and Trigona fuscipennis Friese])
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1970). A criação de abelhas indígenas sem ferrão (Meliponinae). São Paulo: Tecnapis 2nd Edn 1-365 pp. [44, 45, 220] (as Trigona amalthea, partim [see also Trigona fuscipennis Friese], folk name: "sanharão", citation, damaging)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1997). Vida e criação de abelhas indígenas sem ferrão. São Paulo: Editora Nogueirapis 1-446 pp. [89, 189] (flight range, folk name: "sanharão", citation, behavior, aggressiveness)
Oliveira, M. L. (2002). As abelhas sem ferrão na vida dos seringueiros e dos Kaxinawá do alto rio Juruá, Acre, Brasil pp. 615-630 in Cunha, M. C. & Almeida, M. B. (ed.) Enciclopédia da Floresta. O Alto Juruá: Práticas e conhecimentos das populações. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras 735 pp. [627] (? uncertain identity, folk name: "arapuá-preto-maior", nesting site: exposed on tree branches [!], nest entrance [!])
Parra, G. (1984). Censo parcial de las abejas sin aguijon (Apidae-Meliponinae) del Occidente Colombiano. Cespedesia 13 (49-50): 277-290 [286] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) truculenta, geographic record)
Parra, G. (1990). Bionomia de las abejas sin aguijon (Apidae Meliponinae) del Occidente Colombiano. Cespedesia 57-58: 77-116 [80, 81, 82, 83, 93, 95, 98, 113] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) truculenta, nest characteristics, exposed nest [!], defense behavior, geographic records, figure: nest [!])
Peckolt, T. (1893). Ueber brasilianische Bienen. Natur 42: 579-581 [580] (as Melipona amalthea, folk name: "sanharó")
Peckolt, T. (1894). Ueber brasilianische Bienen. Natur 43: 87-91, 223-225, 233-234 [223] (as Melipona amalthea, folk name: "sanharó")
Pedro, S. R. M. (1996). Lista preliminar das espécies de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) que ocorrem na região de Ribeirão Preto e Cajuru, SP pp. 248-258 in Garófalo, C. A., Soares, A. E. E., Paulino-Simões, Z. L. & Camillo, E. (ed.) Anais do II Encontro Sobre Abelhas Vol. 2. Ribeirão Preto: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto xxii+351 pp. [250] (list)
Pedro, S. R. M. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1991). Interactions on floral resources between the africanized honey bee Apis mellifera L. and the native bee community (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) in a natural "cerrado" ecosystem in southeast Brazil. Apidologie 22: 397-415 [404] (nest, note)
Pedro, S. R. M. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1999). Apoidea apiformes pp. 193-211 in Brandão, C. R. F. & E. M. Cancello (ed.) Biodiversidade do Estado de São Paulo. Invertebrados Terrestres Vol. 5. São Paulo: Fapesp [201] (list)
Pires, A.P., Silva, A.S.L., Ribeiro, G.S., Mendonça Neto, J.S.N., Viana, A.P.S., Costa, M.D. & Cruzcanto, V. (2019). Descrição Biométrica da Espécie Trigona truculenta (Hymenoptera: Apidae) e Transferência de Nidificação em Belterra, Pará. Pubvet 13 (2): 1-7 (Distribution record)
Posey, D. A. (1982). The importance of bees to Kayapó indians of the Brazilian amazon. Fla. Entomol. 65 (4): 452-458 [454, 455] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea [*from Almeida, 1984: 130])
Posey, D. A. (1983). Keeping of stingless bees by the Kayapó indians of Brazil. J. Ethnobiol. 3 (1): 63-73 [66, 68, 70, 71] (as Trigona amalthea, and Trigona amlthea [sic], and Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, ethnobiology Kayapó indians, folk name: "udjy" [error, name applicable to Melipona seminigra pernigra Moure & Kerr, 1950, see Camargo & Posey, 1990: 19, 21], resin uses, honey, domestication [?])
Posey, D. A. (1986). Etnoentomologia de tribos indígenas da Amazônia [in large part translation of Posey & Camargo, 1985] pp. 251-271 in Ribeiro, D. (ed.), Ribeiro, B. G. (coord.) (ed.) Suma Etnológica Brasileira, 1 Etnobiologia. Petrópolis: Ed. Vozes / FINEP 302 pp. [257] (as Trigona amlthea [sic], ethnobiology Kayapó indians, folk name: "udjy" [error, name applicable to Melipona seminigra pernigra Moure & Kerr, 1950, see Camargo & Posey, 1990: 19, 21], resin uses, honey)
Ramalho, M., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. & Kleinert-Giovannini, A. (1991). Ecologia nutricional de abelhas sociais pp. 225-252 in Panizzi, A. R. & Parra, J. R. P. (ed.) Ecologia nutricional de insetos e suas implicações no manejo de pragas. São Paulo: Editora Manole Ltda. / CNPq 359 pp. [242] (as Trigona amalthea, partim, carrion, dead animals visiting, citation)
Ramalho, M., Kleinert-Giovannini, A. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (1990). Important bee plants for stingless bees (Melipona and Trigonini) and Africanized honeybees (Apis mellifera) in neotropical habitats: a review. Apidologie 21: 469-488 [471, 473] (as Trigona amalthea, pollen, habitat, citation)
Rebêlo, J. M. M., Rêgo, M. M. C. & Albuquerque, P. M. C. (2003). Abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) da região setentrional do Estado do Maranhão, Brasil pp. 265-278 in Melo, G. A. R. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (ed.) Apoidea Neotropica: Homenagem aos 90 anos de Jesus Santiago Moure. Criciúma: Editora UNESC 320 pp. [268, 273] (geographic range, citation, geographic record, habitat, relative abundance)
Renner, S. (1983). The widespread occurrence of anther destruction by Trigona bees in Melastomataceae. Biotropica 15 (4): 251-256 [255] (as Trigona (Spinipes) [sic] tumulenta, [sic], damaging: Pinus, Araucaria, resin collecting)
Rocha, I. R. D., Morais, H. C. & Kitayama, K. (1991). Visitantes diurnos de flores quiropterófilas. Rev. Bras. Biol. (Rio de Janeiro) 51 (1): 249-256 [251, 253, 254] (as Trigona amalthea, geographic record, flower record: Pseudobombax longiflorum (Bombacaceae), extrafloral nectary, foraging behavior, daily activity, flower damaging)
Roubik, D. W. (1992). Stingless Bees: A guide to Panamanian and Mesoamerican species and their nests (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) pp. 495-524 in Quintero, D. & A. Aiello (ed.) Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica. Selected Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press 692 pp. [504] (male, note; as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis trinidadensis, partim: male, comparative notes, taxonomic note)
Roubik, D. W., Yanega, D., Aluja S., M., Buchmann, S. L. & Inouye, D. W. (1995). On optimal nectar foraging by some tropical bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Apidologie 26: 197-211 [200] (as Trigona amalthea, partim, synonymy)
Sakagami, S. F. (1982). Stingless bees pp. 361-421 in Hermann, H. R. (ed.) Social Insects Vol. 3. New York: Academic Press [364] (as Trigona amalthea, figure)
Salles, H. C. & Cruz-Landim, C. (1998). Levantamento das glândulas exócrinas presentes em Camargoia nordestina Moure, 1989 [sic = Camargo, 1996] (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 41 (2-4): 297-302 [298] (as Trigona amalthea, salivary gland, citation)
Santos, F. M., Carvalho, C. A. L. & Silva, R. F. (2004). Diversidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) em uma área de transição (Cerrado-Amazônia). Acta Amazonica 34 (2): 310-328 [322] (geographic records, relative abundance)
Schrottky, C. (1914). Zur Nomenklatur einiger Hymenopteren. Dtsch. Entomol. Z. ?: 217-219 [219] (as Trigona silvestriana, partim [except Trigona friesei Ihering], synonymy, taxonomic note; as Trigona amalthea marianno Filho [sic, lapsus calami])
Schwarz, H. F. (1948). Stingless bees (Meliponidae) of the Western Hemisphere. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 90: xvii+546 [110, 112,116, 196,198,200, 201,202,203, 205, 207, 208,] (209, 214, 216, 217, 218, 230, 242, 243-256, 257, 258, 282, 286; as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis trinadensis, partim ["largest individuals", see Trigona amalthea], figure: nest entrance [plate 5 - figure 1], hamuli, taxonomic characters, comparative notes, queen size, male, behavior, aggressiveness, keys: worker, male, queen, synonymy [partim], diagnosis, description [partim: male], figures: male, taxonomy, nest [partim: in tree cavity], geographic range, geographic records [partim], folk names: "sanharó", "sanharão", "nharó", "nharon", etymology; as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, partim [page 209; see also Trigona fuscipennis and Trigona amalthea])
Serrão, J. E. (2001). A comparative study of the proventricular structure in corbiculate apinae [sic] (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Micron. 32: 379-385 [380] (morphology, proventriculus, citation)
Serrão, J. E. & Cruz-Landim, C. (1996). Notes on the proventriculus structure of some Trigona species (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 40 (1): 1-2 [1, 2] (morphology, proventriculus, figure)
Silva de Moraes, R. L. M. (2002). Glândulas salivares do adulto pp. 51-70 in Cruz-Landim, C. & Abdalla, F. C. (ed.) Glândulas exócrinas das abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: FUNPEC - RP xii+181 pp. [56] (as Trigona amalthea, salivary gland)
Silveira, F. A. & Campos, M. J. O. (1995). A melissofauna de Corumbataí (SP) e Paraopeba (MG) e uma análise da biogeografia das abelhas do cerrado brasileiro (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 39 (2): 371-401 [377] (geographic records, habitat, relative abundance)
Silveira, F. A., G. A. R. Melo & E. A. B. Almeida (2002). Abelhas Brasileiras: Sistemática e Identificação. Belo Horizonte: F. A. Silveira 253 pp. [92] (list, geographic range)
Silvestri, F. (1902). Contribuzione alla conoscenza dei Meliponidi del Bacino del Rio de la Plata. Rivista di Patologia Vegetale 10: 121-174 [143-144] (as Trigona amalthea, diagnosis, geographic record, nesting site: hollow of tree, aggressiveness, figure: plate I - figure 19: hind leg)
Siqueira, E.N.L., Bartelli, B.F., Nascimento, A.R.T. & Nogueira-Ferreira, F.H. (2012). Diversity and Nesting Substrates of Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponina) in a Forest Remnant. Psyche (Camb.) 370895 (9): 1-9 [5] (Distribution record)
Smith-Pardo, A. H. (2003). A preliminary account of the bees of Colombia (Hymenoptera: Apoidea): present knowledge and future directions. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 76 (2): 335-341 [338] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) truculenta, list)
Spinola, M. (1853). Compte rendu des Hyménoptères inédits provenants du voyage entomologique de M. Ghiliani dans le Para en 1846. Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino (2) 13: 19-94 [92] (as Trigonâ decumanâ [sic], comparative note)
Spix, J. B. & Martius, C. F. P. (1828). Reise in Brasilien in den Jahren 1817 bis 1820. Munich: M. Lindauer Vol. 2 523-524, 542 pp. [542] (as "Sanharo grosso" [*from Schwarz, 1948: 243])
Teixeira, D. M., Papavero, N. & Pujol-Luz, J. R. (1999). Do Rio de Janeiro a Cuiabá: notícias sobre os produtos naturais o Brazil, por um autor anônimo do século XVIII. 7. Capítulo VIII: "noticia das aves, q' se conhecem no Brazil, com distinção, e circunstcias de cada húa delas" [manuscript by Joseph Barbosa de Sáa, according to Papavero, N., personal communication]. Historia Naturalis 2 (7): 155-186 [175, 185] (as "Sanharon", Trigona silvestriana, folk names: "sanharão", sanharó", "saranhô", behavior, pillage, citation)
Urban, D. (1963). Estudo comparativo da origem de alguns músculos cefálicos das abelhas (Hymenoptera-Apoidea). Bol. Univ. Paraná 2 (2): 21-33 [22, 25, 30, 31] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, anatomy, cephalic muscles, mandibular muscle, figure)
Vachal, J. (1908). Espècés nouvelles ou litigienses d' Apidae du haut Bassin du Parana et des régions contiguës et délimitation d' une nouvelle sous-famille Diphaglossinae (Hym.). Rev. Entomol. (Caen) 27: 221-244 [221-222] (as Melipona (Trigona) Silvestriana [sic], partim [except Honduras Britannique, = Belize], key, taxonomic notes; as Melipona (Trigona) amalthea, partim [citation of Silvestri])
Wheeler, W. M. (1913). Notes on the habits of some Central American stingless bees. Psyche 20 (1): 1-9 [2] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, partim [citation of Silvestri and Ihering], defense behavior, carrion, excrement visiting, citation)
Wille, A. (1976). Las abejas jicotes del género Melipona (Apidae: Meliponini). Rev. Biol. Trop. 24 (1): 123-147 [126] (as Trigona trinidadensis, flight range, citation)
Wille, A. (1983). Biology of the stingless bees. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 28: 41-64 [55] (as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis, communication, scent marks, citation)
Wille, A. & C. D. Michener (1973). The nest architecture of stingless bees with special reference to those of Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 21 (Suplemento 1): 1-278 [14, 25, 49, 60, 71, 90, 91] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, partim: Brazil [citation of Ihering, 1912, Marianno, 1911, and Schwarz, 1948 - partim], synonymy, nesting site: tree cavity, nest characteristics, citation)
Zanella, F. C. V. (2000). Padrões de distribuição geográfica das espécies de abelhas que ocorrem na caatinga (NE do Brasil) pp. 197-203 in Bitondi, M. M. G., Hartfelder, K., et al. (ed.) IV Encontro Sobre Abelhas: Anais. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, USP xxix+363 pp. [198, 199] (list, geographic range)
Online since: 23 Jul 2008
Last update : 17 Jul 2023