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Trigona spinipes (Fabricius, 1793)
Common Names: "karavosá", "eira-apuá", "arapuá", "abelha-de-cachorro", "urapuca", "irapuà", "carabozà", "irapoan", "ira-puam", "eirapuã", "irapuan", "mbá-pý", "carabozá", "eirá-apuá", "xupé-pequeno", "mehñykamrek"

Apis spinipes Fabricius, J. C. (1793). Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Hafniae: Christian Gottlieb Proft Vol. 2 1-519 pp. [341] .
Type data: lectotype ZMUC <F> worker , paralectotype ZMUC <F> worker.
Subsequent designation: Moure, J. S. (1960). Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 3 (1-4): 97-160 [155] .
Type locality: "Nova Cambria" [mislabeled?, probably from Brazil].

Apis ruficrus Latreille, P. A. (1804). Notice des espèces d'abeilles vivant en grande société, et formant des cellules haxagones, ou des abeilles proprement dites. Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 5: 174-178 [176] (junior subjective synonym) .
Type data: syntype OUM <F> workers [2?] (Notes on types: Schwarz, 1948:266).
Type locality: Brazil.

Melipona citriperda Illiger, K. (1806). William Kirby's Familien der bienenartigen Insekten mit Zusätzen, Nachweisungen und Bemerkungen. Magazin für Insektenkunde 5: 28-175 [158] (nom. nud., see Latreille, 1811: 293) .

Trigona muscaria Spinola, M. (1840). Observationes sur les apiaires meliponides. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. Biol. Anim. 13: 116-140 [124] (nom. nud. According to the Moure's personal notes, the material identified as Trigona muscaria in the Spinola collection (MZUT) is composed of Trigona spinipes (Fabricius) and Partamona sp.) .

Trigona luteipes Smith, F. (1854). Catalogue of hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, Part 2. Apidae. London: British Museum 199-465 pp. [410] (junior subjective synonym) .
Type data: holotype BMNH 17B 1085 <F> worker (notes on type: Schwarz, 1948:266).
Type locality: Brazil.

Trigona ruficrus concolor Gribodo, J. (1894). Matériaux pour servir à l’étude de la faune entomologique du Chili. Actes Soc. Sci. Chili 4: 199-212 [201] (junior subjective synonym) .
Type data: Type MCG <F> worker ? (Moure (1960), who examined the Gribodo collection, deposited in Museo Civico de Storia Naturale, Gênova, Italy, did not made reference to this material).
Type locality: Parral, Chile (error, see Schwarz, 1948: 271).

Trigona ruficrus rufoides Strand, E. (1910). Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Hymenopterenfauna von Paraguay. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 29: 455-562 [557-558] (junior subjective synonym) .
Type data: syntype whereabouts unknown <F> worker (6).
Type locality: Villa Morra, Central, Paraguay.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

Latreille, P. A. (1811). Insectes de l'Amérique Équinoxiale, recueillis pendant le voyage de MM. Humboldt et Bonpland pp. 173-174, 260-297 in Humboldt, F. H. A. & Bonpland, A. J. A. (ed.) Voyage aux régions équinoxiales du noveau continent, fait en 1799-1804. Recueil d' observations de zoollogie et d' anatomie comparée, faites dans l' océan Atlantique, dans l' intérieur du nouveau continent et dans le Mer du Sud pendant les années 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802 et 1803 Vol. 1. Paris: F. Schoell & G. Dufour 352 pp. [293]
Moure, J. S. (1960). Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 3 (1-4): 97-160 [155]
Schwarz, H. F. (1948). Stingless bees (Meliponidae) of the Western Hemisphere. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 90: xvii+546 [259-260]

Distribution

Neotropical Region: Argentina (Misiones), Brazil (Alagoas [Maceió, Quebrangulo], Bahia [Barra, Caculé, Casa Nova, Conceição Do Almeida, Cruz Das Almas, Feira De Santana, Igrapiúna, Ilhéus, Itatim, Jaguaquara, Jequié, Lençóis, Livramento De Nossa Senhora, Maracás, Marcionílio Souza, Mata De São João, Porto Seguro, Salvador, Teixeira De Freitas, Una, Uruçuca, Vitória Da Conquista], Ceará [Abaiara, Acopiara, Aiuaba, Baixio, Barbalha, Baturité, Beberibe, Brejo Santo, Caridade, Caucaia, Fortaleza, Granja, Granjeiro, Guaramiranga, Horizonte, Iguatu, Itaiçaba, Itapipoca, Jaguaretama, Juazeiro Do Norte, Limoeiro Do Norte, Maranguape, Massapê, Missão Velha, Mulungu, Nova Russas, Novo Oriente, Pacajus, Pacatuba, Paracuru, Paraipaba, Parambu, Paramoti, Pentecoste, Pereiro, Saboeiro, Senador Pompeu, Senador Sá, São Gonçalo Do Amarante, Tabuleiro Do Norte, Tauá, Trairi], Espírito Santo [Afonso Cláudio, Baixo Guandu, Conceição Da Barra, Domingos Martins, Fundão, Guarapari, Itarana, Linhares, Santa Maria De Jetibá, Santa Teresa, Serra, São Mateus, Viana], Goiás [Aragarças, Bela Vista De Goiás, Goiânia, Jataí, Santa Isabel, São Simão], Maranhão [Arari, Barra Do Corda, Carolina, Carutapera, Chapadinha, Codó, Imperatriz, Vitória Do Mearim], Mato Grosso [Cuiabá, Cáceres, Jaciara, Nova Xavantina], Mato Grosso do Sul [Aquidauana, Bataguassu, Bodoquena, Bonito, Campo Grande, Corumbá, Ivinhema, Miranda, Três Lagoas], Minas Gerais [Alpinópolis, Araguari, Araxá, Bambuí, Barbacena, Belo Horizonte, Brasópolis, Brumadinho, Caldas, Campina Verde, Campos Altos, Cataguases, Conceição Das Alagoas, Cássia, Diamantina, Dores Do Indaiá, Governador Valadares, Guaxupé, Ibiraci, Ibiá, Igarapé, Itajubá, Jacuí, Januária, Lagoa Santa, Lassance, Lavras, Montes Claros, Nova Lima, Nova Resende, Ouro Preto, Paracatu, Paraopeba, Passos, Patos De Minas, Perdizes, Ponte Nova, Poços De Caldas, Pratinha, Pratápolis, Ritápolis, Sacramento, Santa Bárbara, Santa Juliana, Santa Rita De Caldas, Santana Do Riacho, São Gotardo, São João Batista Do Glória, São João Del Rei, São Sebastião Do Paraíso, Tapira, Uberaba, Uberlândia, Ubá, Varginha, Viçosa], Paraná [Almirante Tamandaré, Antonina, Araucária, Campo Mourão, Castro, Colombo, Coronel Vivida, Curitiba, Foz Do Iguaçu, Guarapuava, Guaraqueçaba, Imbituva, Irati, Jacarezinho, Jaguariaíva, Jussara, Lapa, Laranjeiras Do Sul, Londrina, Maringá, Mariópolis, Matinhos, Morretes, Palmas, Palotina, Paranaguá, Paranavaí, Piraquara, Ponta Grossa, Porto Vitória, Prudentópolis, Quatro Barras, Rio Negro, Santo Antônio Da Platina, Sengés, Siqueira Campos, São José Dos Pinhais, Tapira, Tibagi, Tijucas Do Sul, União Da Vitória, Ventania, Wenceslau Braz], Paraíba [Cabedelo, Campina Grande, Guarabira, João Pessoa, Lagoa Seca, Mamanguape, Remígio, Santa Luzia, São João Do Cariri], Pará [Belém, Conceição Do Araguaia, Cumaru Do Norte, Parauapebas], Pernambuco [Afogados Da Ingazeira, Alagoinha, Buíque, Caetés, Caruaru, Ipojuca, Paranatama, Pedra, Recife, Serra Talhada, Venturosa], Piauí [Brejo Do Piauí, Floriano, Picos, Teresina, União], Rio Grande do Norte [Ceará-Mirim, Ipanguaçu, Natal, Serra Negra Do Norte], Rio Grande do Sul [Barão De Cotegipe, Bom Jesus, Canela, Canguçu, Caçapava Do Sul, Erechim, Flores Da Cunha, Guarani Das Missões, Guaíba, Lavras Do Sul, Osório, Pelotas, Piratini, Planalto, Porto Alegre, Restinga Seca, Santa Cruz Do Sul, Santana Da Boa Vista, São Francisco De Paula, São Leopoldo, São Lourenço Do Sul, Tenente Portela, Vacaria, Viamão], Rio de Janeiro [Duque De Caxias, Itatiaia, Mangaratiba, Maricá, Mendes, Nova Iguaçu, Petrópolis, Resende, Rio De Janeiro, Santa Maria Madalena, São José De Ubá, Teresópolis], Santa Catarina [Blumenau, Capão Alto, Caçador, Concórdia, Corupá, Criciúma, Florianópolis, Itajaí, Itapiranga, Joinville, Lages, Mafra, Porto União, Rio Do Sul, Rio Negrinho, Seara, São Francisco Do Sul, Três Barras, Turvo], Sergipe [Santa Luzia Do Itanhy], São Paulo [Altinópolis, Alumínio, Araraquara, Barueri, Batatais, Botucatu, Caieiras, Cajuru, Campos Do Jordão, Corumbataí, Franca, Igaraçu Do Tietê, Ilha Comprida, Jaboticabal, Jaguariúna, Jundiaí, Miracatu, Mogi Guaçu, Monte Alegre Do Sul, Osasco, Patrocínio Paulista, Pedregulho, Pirapora Do Bom Jesus, Ribeirão Preto, Rifaina, Rio Claro, Salesópolis, Santana De Parnaíba, São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, São Sebastião, São Simão, Ubatuba], Tocantins [Dianópolis, Esperantina, Itaguatins]), Colombia (Cundinamarca), Guyana (Potaro-Siparuni), Paraguay (Caaguazú, Caazapá, Central, Itapúa, Misiones, Neembucú), Peru (Madre de Dios)

References

Abdalla, F. C. (2002). Glândula de Dufour pp. 127-149 in Cruz-Landim, C. & Abdalla, F. C. (ed.) Glândulas exócrinas das abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: FUNPEC xi+181 pp. [135] (Dufour gland, citation)
Adegas, J. E. B. (1992). Ensaio sobre polinização entomófila em colza (Brassica napus L. Var. oleífera). [monograph abstract] pp. 13-14 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [13] (flower record: Brassica napus var. oleifera, relative abundance)
Aguiar, A. J. C. & Martins, C. F. (2003). The bee diversity of the Tabuleiro vegetation in the Guaribas Biological Reserve (Mamanguape, Paraíba, Brazil) pp. 209-216 in Melo, G. A. R. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (ed.) Apoidea Neotropica: Homenagem aos 90 anos de Jesus Santiago Moure. Criciúma: Editora UNESC 320 pp. [213] (geographic record, habitat, relative abundance)
Aguiar, C. M. L. (2003). Utilização de recursos florais por abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) em uma área de Caatinga (Itatim, Bahia, Brasil). Rev. Bras. Zool. 20 (3): 457-467 [458, 460, 463, 464, 466] (geographic record, habitat, trophic niche, flower records: Echinodorus subulatus (Alismataceae), Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae), Tabebuia heptaphylla (Bignoniaceae), Cereus peruvianus, Opuntia palmadora (Cactaceae), Caesalpinia pyramidalis, Peltogyne pauciflora (Caesalpiniaceae), Capparis yco (Capparaceae), Chlorophora tinctoria (Moraceae), Passiflora foetida (Passifloraceae), Ziziphus cotinifolia (Rhamnaceae), Cardiospermum corindum (Sapindaceae))
Aguiar, C. M. L. & Martins, C. F. (1994). Fenologia e preferência alimentar de Ceblurgus longipalpis Urban e Moure, 1993 (Hymenoptera, Halictidae, Dufoureinae). Rev. Nordestina Biol. 9 (2): 125-131 [127] (geographic record, habitat, relative abundance)
Aguiar, C. M. L. & Martins, C. F. (1997). Abundância relativa, diversidade e fenologia de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) na caatinga, São João do Cariri, Paraíba, Brasil. Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 83: 151-163 [153, 155, 156, 157, 158] (geographic record, relative abundance)
Aguiar, C. M. L., Martins, C. F. & Moura, A. C. de A. (1995). Recursos florais utilizados por abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) em área de caatinga (São João do Cariri, Paraíba). Rev. Nordestina Biol. 10 (2): 101-117 [104, 106, 109, 115, 107] (geographic record, flower records: Cordia lecocephala (Boraginaceae), Caesalpinia pyramidalis, C. ferrea (Caesalpiniaceae), Ipomoea cf. martii (Convolvulaceae), Pilosocereus sp. (Cactaceae))
Aguiar, C.M.L. & Zanella, F.C.V. (2005). Estrutura da Comunidade de Abelhas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apiformis [sic]) de uma Área na Margem do Domínio da Caatinga (Itatim, BA). Neotropical Entomology 34 (1): 015-024 [17] (Distribution record)
Aidar, D. S. (1996). A Mandaçaia - Biologia de abelhas, manejo e multiplicação artificial de colonias de Melipona quadrifasciata Lep. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Ribeirão Preto: Sociedade Brasileira de Genética - Sér. Monografias Vol. 4 103 pp. [61] (note)
Aidar, I.F., Santos, A.O.R., Bartelli, B.F., Martins, G.A., & Nogueira-Ferreira, F.H. (2013). Nesting Ecology of Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponina) in Urban Areas: The Importance of Afforestation. Bioscience 29 (5): 1361-1369 [1364] (Distribution record)
Akahira, Y. & Beig, D. (1967). Comparative study of corpora alata [sic] in Brazilian stingless bees. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 20 (16): 165-190 [166, 168, 169, 171, 172, 179, 180, 181, 183] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, geographic record, biometry, histology, corpora allata, figures, worker ovary development)
Albuquerque, P. M. C., Ferreira, R. G., Rêgo, M. M. C., Santos, C. S. & Brito, C. M. S. (2001). Levantamento da fauna de abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) na região da "Baixada maranhense": Vitória do Mearim, MA, Brasil. Acta Amazonica 31 (3): 419-430 [422, 423, 425] (geographic record, habitat, relative abundance)
Alfken, J. D. (1930). Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der schwedischen entomologischen Reisen des Herrn Dr. A. Roman 1914-1915 und 1923-1924 in Amazonas. Ark. Zool. 21A (28): 1-16 [9] (as Melipona ruficrus, geographic records, flower record: Compositae)
Alfken, J. D. (1932). Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Sammelreise nach Brasilien, insbesorende in das Amazonasgebiet, ausgeführt von Dr. H. Zerny. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museum in Wien 46: 303-307 [306] (as Melipona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Almeida, M. C. (1992). Estudo de algumas espécies de Trigona Jurine, 1807 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Meliponinae) da região neotropical. [dissertation abstract] pp. 23-24 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [23, 24] (phenetic analysis)
Almeida, M. C. & Laroca, S. (1988). Trigona spinipes (Apidae, Meliponinae): taxonomia, bionomia e relações tróficas em áreas restritas. Acta Biológica Paranaense 17 ((1,2,3,4)): 67-108 [67-108] (geographic range, geographic records, damaging: apricot, blackberry, Cassia multijuga, coconut, flamboyant, Ficus sp., Mammea americana, rose, Sapotaceae, "tungue" [Aleurites fordii, Euphorbiaceae], banana, "abieiro" [Sapotaceae], citrus, Myrciaria jaboticaba, "jaqueira" [Artocarpos integra, Moraceae], mango tree, Pinus, Araucaria angustifolia, Tibouchina (Melastomataceae), pollination: Crotalaria juncea, Bactris gasipaes, Coffea arabica, Pyrus malus, Leucaena leucocephala, taxonomy, synonymy, nest characteristics, swarming, nesting site: on branches of trees: Araucaria, Cariniana estrellensis, Piptadenia, nest population, behavior, pillage, aggressiveness, thermoregulation, mutualism: Aethalion reticulatum (Homoptera), mimicry, flight range, communication, scent mark, sound, tarsal gland secretion, folk names: "arapuá", "irapuá", "arapú", "arapica", "arapuã", "guaxupé", "irapoã", "irapoão", "abelha cachorro", "abelha-de-cachorro", relative abundance, recruitment, foraging behavior, flower records: Jacaranda puberula, Ricinus communis, Coix lacrima-jobi, Ipomoea sp., Baccharis spicata, Baccharis spp., Escalonia montevidensis, Prunus brasiliensis, Croton myrianthum, Salvia paranaensis, Cassia laevigata, Cestrum corymbosum, Deombeya [sic] sp., Alpinea henryi, Musa sp., Rhododendron simsi, Chamaecrista sp., Jacaranda oxyphyla, Oratea sp., Mimosa micropteris, Lafoensia nummularifolia, Serjanea [sic] erecta, Mimosa dollens, Calydorea campestris, facultative necrophagy, citation)
Almeida-Soares, S., Polatto, L.P., Dutra, J.C.S. & Torezan-Silingardi, H.M. (2010). Pollination of Adenocalymma bracteatum (Bignoniaceae): Floral Biology and Visitors. Netrop. Entomol. 39 (6): 941-948 [946] (Distribution record)
Alves-dos-Santos, I. (1999). Abelhas e plantas melíferas da mata atlântica, restinga e dunas do litoral norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 43 (3/4): 191-223 [195, 211] (geographic record, pollen, nectar foraging, flower records: Sagittaria montevidensis (Alismataceae), Aspilia leucoglossa, Baccharis cylindria, Senecio bonariensis, Trixis praestans (Asteraceae), Pyrostegia venusta (Bignoniaceae), Buddleja stachyoides (Buddlejaceae), Opuntia monacantha (Cactaceae), Cassia occidentalis (Caesalpiniaceae), Merremia dissecta (Convolvulaceae), Croton thermarum (Euphorbiaceae), Abutilon amaenum, Malvaviscus arboreus (Malvaceae), Tibouchina sellowiana (Melastomataceae), Rapanea umbellata (Myrsinaceae), Ludwigia peruviana (Onagraceae), Coccoloba cordata (Polygonaceae), Allophylus edulis (Sapindaceae), Agalinis communis (Scrophulariaceae), Styrax leprosus (Styracaceae), Luehea divaricata (Tiliaceae))
Alves-dos-Santos, I. (1999). Distribuição vertical de uma comunidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) do Rio Grande do Sul. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 43 (3/4): 225-228 [226] (geographic records, altitudinal range)
Ambrosetti, J. B. (1894). Los Indios Cainguá del Alto Paraná (Misiones). Bol. Inst. Geogr. Argentino 15: 699-700 [699] (as "Irapoa", "Caraboshá" [*from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Andena, S.R., Bego, L.R. & Mechi, M.R. (2005). A Comunidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) de uma área de cerrado (Corumbataí, SP) e suas visitas às flores. Rev. Bras. Zoocien. 7 (1): 55-91 [61] (Distribution record)
Araújo, E. D., Costa, M., Chaud-Netto, J. & Fowler, H. G. (2004). Body size and flight distance in stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Meliponini): inference of flight range and possible ecological implications. Braz. Journ. Biol. 64 (3B): 563-568 [564, 565, 567] (body size, flight range estimation)
Araújo, G.J., Antonini, T., Silva, L.S. & Faria-Mucci, G.M. (2016). Onde os mais Adaptados Permanecem: Comunidade de Abelhas sem Ferrão (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini) em Áreas Urbanas do Município de Ubá, Minas Gerais, Brasil. EntomoBrasilis 9 (3): 175-179 [176] (Distribution record)
Aranda, R., Catian, G., Bogiani, P.A. & Inforzato, I. (2011). 2011Effect of nectar pillaging by native stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in the abscission of flowers of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. (Nyctaginaceae). Acta Sci. Biol. Sci. 33 (4): 399-405 [401] (Distribution record)
Avila, C. J. (1992). Polinização e polinizadores na produção de frutos e sementes híbridas de abóbora (Cucurbita pepo L. var. melopepo). [dissertation abstract] pp. 37-38 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [37, 38] (flower record: Cucurbita pepo var. melopepo)
Azara, F. (1809). Voyages dans l'Amerique meridionale depuis 1781 jusqu'en 1801 / [Felix de Azara]; publies d'apres les manuscrits de l'auteur, par C. A. Walckenaer; avec une notice de sa vie enrichis de notes par G. Cuvier suivie de l'histoire naturelle des oiseaux du Paraguay et de la Plata par le meme auteur; traduite et augmentee d'un grand nombre de notes, par M. Sonnini; avec atlas (vol. 4). Paris: Dentu Vol. 1 159-166 pp. [165-166] (? uncertain identity, as "Amalthée", [*from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Balestieri, F. C. L. M. & Machado, V. L. L. (1998). Entomofauna visitante de Sibipiruna (Caesalpinia peltophoroides Benth) Leguminosae durante o seu período de floração. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 41 (2-4): 547-554 [549, 550, 551, 552, 553] (flower record: Caesalpinia peltophoroides (Leguminosae))
Barbola, I. F. & Laroca, S. (1993). A comunidade de Apoidea (Hymenoptera) da Reserva Passa Dois (Lapa, Paraná, Brasil): I. Diversidade, abundância relativa e atividade sazonal. Acta Biol. Paranaense (Curitiba) 22 (1, 2, 3, 4): 91-113 [103, 104] (geographic record, relative abundance)
Barbola, I. F., Laroca, S. & Almeida, M. C. (2000). Utilização de recursos florais por abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) da Floresta Estadual Passa Dois (Lapa, Paraná, Brasil). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 44 (1/2): 9-19 [13, 16, 17] (geographic record, flower records: Vernonia cognata, Baccharis uncinella, similarity, dendrogram)
Barbosa, F.M., Lima, J.T. Santos, M.A. & Campos, L.A.O. (2019). Effects of irrigation method on pollination and pollinators (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) in an open-field tomato crop. Fla. Entomol. 102 (1): 130-133 [132] (Distribution record)
Baumgartner, D. L. & Roubik, D. W. (1989). Ecology of Necrophilous and Filth-Gathering Stingless Bees (Apidae: Meliponinae) of Peru. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 62 (1): 11-22 [14, 17] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona concolor, synonymy, non-floral baits, synanthropy)
Bego, L. R., Zucchi, R. & Mateus, S. (1991). Notas sobre a estratégia alimentar (cleptobiose) de Lestrimelitta limao Smith (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Naturalia (São Paulo) 16: 119-127 [125] (not raided by Lestrimelitta)
Berlese, A. (1925). Gli insetti, loro organizazione , sviluppo, abitudini e rapporti coll'uomo. [volume secundo, vita e costumi con particolare riguardo agli insetti praticamente interessanti]. Milano: Societá Editrice Libraria Vol. 2 ix+992 pp. [824] (as Trigona ruficrus, nesting site: on branches of tree)
Bernal, R. & Ervik, F. (1996). Floral biology and pollination of the dioecious palm Phytelephas seemannii in Colombia: an adaptation to staphylinid beetles. Biotropica 28 (4b): 682-696 [691] ([error, does not occur in Chocó, Colombia])
Bertoni, A. W. (1911). Contribución á la biologia de las avispas y abejas del Paraguay (Hymenoptera). An. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 22: 97-146 [142] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthea ruficrus and Trigona amalthea fuscipennis, geographic record, diagnosis, nest, folk name: "karavosá", "eira-apuá")
Bertoni, A. W. (1918). Notas Entomológicas (Biológicas e Sistemáticas). I. Himenopteros Apoideos. An. Cient. Paraguayos 2 (3): 219-231 [224] (as Trigona rufichrus [sic; * from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Biesmeijer, J. C. & Slaa, E. J. (2004). Information flow and organization of stingless bee foraging. Apidologie 35: 143-157 [148] (aggressive foraging behavior, citation)
Biesmeijer, K. (1999). Traits of stingless bees: 5 nests entrances. Pegone summer: 9-11 [10-11] (nest entrance, nest population)
Bischoff, H. (1927). Biologie der Hymenopteren; eine Naturgeschichte der Hautflüger. Berlin: Verlag von Julius Springer vii+598 pp. [287, 290, 291, 293] (as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Boff, S., Araújo, A.C. & Pott, A. (2013). Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) and flowers in natural forest patches of southern Pantanal. Biota Neotropica 13 (4): 46-56 [49] (Distribution record)
Borges, R.C., Padovani, K., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V.L. & Giannini, T.C. (2020). A dataset of multi-functional ecological traits of Brazilian bees. Sci. Data 7 (120): 1-9 [3] (Distribution record)
Bortoli, C. & Laroca, S. (1997). Melissocenologia no Terceiro Planalto Paranaense. I: Abundância relativa das abelhas silvestres (Apoidea) de um biótipo urbano de Guarapuava (PR, Brasil). Acta Biol. Paranaense (Curitiba) 26 (1, 2, 3, 4): 51-86 [61] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, geographic record, list)
Bouvier, E. L. (1921). Habitudes et metamorphoses des insectes. Paris: . 209-211 pp. [210] (as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Bouvier, E. L. (1926). Le communisme chez les insectes. Paris: Editions Flammarion. Bibliothèque de Philosophie Scientifique 291 pp. [39] (as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Braga Sobrinho, R., Bandeira, C. T. & Mesquita, A. L. M. (1999). Occurrence and damage of soursop pests in northeast Brazil. Crop Protection 18: 539-541 [539, 540, 541] (as Trigona Spinips [sic], folk name: "irapuá", citation, geographic record, culture damaging: Annona muricata (Annonaceae), behavior)
Brandeburgo, M. A. M. (1993). Competition among bees at artificial feeders. Evolución Biológica 7: 63-69 [68] (competition: africanized bees, citation)
Bristowe, W. S. (1925). Notes on the habits of insects and spiders in Brazil. Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 72 (3/4): 475-504 [479, 486] (as Melipona ruficrus, predator: Trachypus gomesii (Philanthidae), defense behavior, geographic record)
Buschini, M. L. T. (1992). Determinação das castas em Trigona spinipes (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae, Trigonini): influência da alimentação e do hormônio juvenil. [dissertation abstract] pp. 75-76 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [75, 76] (caste determination, juvenile hormone)
Buttel-Reepen, H. B. (1903). Die stammesgeschichtliche Entstehung des Bienenstaates sowie Beiträge zur Lebensweise der solitären und sozialen Bienen (Hummeln, Meliponinen, usw). Leipzig: . 30, 42-60, 72, 84, 99, figures 13-17 pp. [figure 17] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Buttel-Reepen, H. B. (1903). Die phylogenetische Entstehung des Bienenstaates, sowie Mitteilungen zur Biologie der solitären und sozialen Apiden. Biol. Centralbl. 23: 96-146, figures 13-17 [141] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 259], figure 17)
Buttel-Reepen, H. B. (1907). Psychobiologische und biologische Beobachtungen an Ameisen, Bienen und Wespen. Naturwiss. Wochenschr. 6: 467-468 [468] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Cabrera Becerra, G. & Nates-Parra, G. (1999). Uso de las abejas por comunidades indígenas: los Nukak y las abejas sin aguijón pp. 59-70 in Nates-Parra, G. (ed.) Programa, Resúmenes y Memorias III Reunión de la IUSSI Bolivariana. Santafé de Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia 122 pp. [63, 64, 66, 67, 68] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes [error, does not exist in Colombia])
Camargo, J. M. F. (1970). Ninhos e biologia de algumas espécies de Meliponideos (Hymenoptera: Apidae) da região de Pôrto Velho, Território de Rondônia, Brasil. Revista de Biologia Tropical 16 (2): 207-239 [215] (aerial nest, aggressive behavior)
Camargo, J. M. F. (1988). Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) da coleção do "Istituto di Entomologia Agraria", Portici, Itália. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 32 (3/4): 351–374 [367, 368] (geographic records, comparative notes, taxonomic notes)
Camargo, J. M. F. (1989). Comentários sobre a sistemática de Meliponinae (Hymen. Apidae) pp. 41-61 in Watanabe, S. (ed.) Anais do XIV Simpósio Anual da ACIESP, suplemento. São Paulo: Academia de Ciências do Estado de São Paulo, publicação no. 68 61 pp. [47] (geographic range)
Camargo, J. M. F. & J. S. Moure (1988). Notas sobre os Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) colecionados por Filippo Silvestri na bacia do Rio da Prata. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 32 (2): 293-314 [294, 300] (geographic records, folk name: "ira-pua")
Camargo, J. M. F. & Pedro, S. R. M. (2003). Sobre as relações filogenéticas de Trichotrigona Camargo & Moure (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) pp. 109-122 in Melo, G. A. R. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (ed.) Apoidea Neotropica: Homenagem aos 90 anos de Jesus Santiago Moure. Criciúma: Editora UNESC 320 pp. [110, 111, 119, 120, 121] (taxonomic characters, morphology, nest, phylogeny)
Camargo, J. M. F. & Pedro, S. R. M. (2003). Meliponini neotropicais: o gênero Partamona Schwarz, 1939 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae) - bionomia e biogeografia. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 47 (3): 311-372 [313] (nest material, vegetal fibers, resins)
Camargo, J. M. F. & Wittmann, D. (1989). Nest architecture and distribution of the primitive stingless bee, Mourella caerulea (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae): evidence for the origin of Plebeia (s. lat.) on the Gondwana Continent. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 24 (4): 213-229 [226] (geographic range)
Campos, L. A. O. (1992). Determinação das castas em abelhas da subfamília Meliponinae pp. 58-61 in Cruz Landim, C. & Chaud Netto, J. (ed.) Anais do Encontro Brasileiro de Biologia de Abelhas e Outros Insetos Sociais. Homenagem aos 70 anos de Warwick Estevam Kerr. São Paulo: Naturalia, número especial, Editora UNESP 283 pp. [58] (caste determination, larval feeding, queen)
Campos, L. A. O. & Costa, M. A. (1989). Determinação do sexo em abelhas XXVIII. Determinação das castas em Schwarziana quadripunctata (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Rev. Bras. Biol. (Rio de Janeiro) 49 (4): 999-1001 [1000] (caste determination, citation)
Carmo, R. M. & Franceschinelli, E. V. (2002). Polinização e biologia floral de Clusia arrudae Planchon & Triana (Clusiaceae) na Serra da Calçada, município de Brumadinho, MG. Revta. brasil. Bot. 25 (3): 351-360 [355, 356, 357] (geographic record, pollen, resin collecting, flower record: Clusia arrudae (Clusiaceae))
Carvalho, A. M. C. & Bego, L. R. (1995). Seasonality of dominant species of bees in the Panga Ecological Reserve, Cerrado, Uberlândia, MG. An. Soc. Entomol. Bras. 24 (2): 329-337 [331, 332, 333, 334, 336] (geographic record, relative abundance, phenology, daily activity)
Carvalho, A. M. C. & Bego, L. R. (1996). Studies on Apoidea fauna of cerrado vegetation at the Panga Ecological Reserve, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 40 (2): 147-156 [149, 150, 153] (geographic record, relative abundance, flower records [?, not listed])
Carvalho, C. A. L., Alves, R. M. O. & Souza, B. A. (2003). Criação de abelhas sem ferrão: aspectos práticos. Cruz das Almas: Universidade Federal da Bahia / SEAGRI - BA. Série Meliponicultura: 1 viii+42 pp. [1, 2] (list, folk name: "arapuá", aerial nest)
Carvalho, C. A. L. & Marques, O. M. (1995). Abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) em Cruz das Almas - Bahia: 2. Espécies coletadas em leguminosas. Insecta 4 (2): 26-31 [27, 28, 29, 30] (geographic record, relative abundance, flower record: Cajanus cajan, Canavalia cf. ensiformis, Crotalaria juncea, C. cf. pallida (Papilionoideae))
Carvalho, C. A. L., Marques, O. M. & Sampaio, H. S. V. (1995). Abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) em Cruz das Almas - Bahia: 1. Espécies coletadas em fruteiras. Insecta 4 (1): 11-17 [12, 13, 14, 15, 16] (geographic record, flower records: Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae), Averrhoa carambola (Oxalidaceae), Citrus spp. (Rutaceae), Eugenia malaccensis, Myrciaria cauliflora (Myrtaceae), Genipa americana (Rubiaceae), Manilkara acharas (Sapotaceae), Passiflora sp. (Passifloraceae), Persea americana (Lauraceae),Tamarindus indica (Caesalpiniaceae))
Carvalho, D.M., Presley, S.J., & Santos, G.M.M. (2014). Niche Overlap and Network Specialization of Flower-Visiting Bees in an Agricultural System. Neotropical Entomology 43: 489-499 [492] (Distribution record)
Carvalho, L.M., Ladeira, V.A., Almeida, E.F.A., Santa-Cecília, L.V.C., Brighenti, D.M. & Resendw, E. (2018). Bagging to protect calla lily flowers against stingless bee (Trigona spinipes). Ornam. Hortic. 24 (4): 353-360 (Distribution record)
Castello Branco, L. S. D. (1845). Memoria á cerca das abelhas da Provincia do Piauhy no Imperio do Brasil. Aux. Ind. Nac. 13 (2, 3): 49-72 [50, 70] (? uncertain identity, as "xupé pequeno", nest characteristics, honey, aggressiveness, honey hunting)
Castro, M. S. (2002). Bee fauna of some tropical and exotic fruits: potencial pollinators and their conservation pp. 275-288 in Kevan, P. G. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (ed.) Pollinating bees: the conservation link between agriculture and nature. Brasília: Ministry of environment 313 pp. [277, 278, 279, 280, 285-288] (geographic records, relative abundance, flower records: Persea americana, Cocus nucifera, potential pollinating: Citrus sinensis, Clausena lansium (Rutaceae), Durio zibenthinus (Bombacaceae), Eugenia jambosi, E. uniflora (Myrtaceae), Macadamia integrifolia (Proteaceae), Malpighia punicifolia (Malpighiaceae), Nephelium lappaceum (Sapindaceae), Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae),Tamarindus indica (Caesalpiniaceae), Carica papaya (Caricaceae), Casimora edulis (Rutaceae), Eryobotrya japonica (Rosaceae), Mammea americana (Guttiferae))
Cepeda, O. I. A. (1996). Hongos y bacterios asociados con colonias de meliponinos (Apidae: Meliponinae). Tacaya 5: 7-9 [7] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, microorganism, association, citation)
Cockerell, T. D. A (1905). Notes on some bees in the British Museum. Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 31: 309-364 [323] (as Trigona luteipes [* from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Cockerell, T. D. A. (1912). Descriptions and Records of Bees- XLVIII. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 11: 54-65 [60] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
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Cockerell, T. D. A (1920). Some neotropical meliponid bees. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 42: 459-468 [465] (as Trigona ruficrus corvina, partim: British Guiana, Brazil, Paraguay, geographic record)
Cockerell, T. D. A (1922). Bees in the collection of the United States Museum.- 4. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 60 (18): 1-20 [8 [footnote]] (as Trigona ruficrus, diagnosis, taxonomic note [notes on type ?])
Conceição, E.S., Moura, J.I.L., Costa-Neto, A.O. & Delabie, J.H.C. (2014). Choice of food resource by bees and ants (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Formicidae) on coconut tree inflorescences (Cocos nucifera, Arecaceae). Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 50 (1): 6-12 [8] (Distribution record)
Cortopassi-Laurino, M. (1977). Notas sobre associações de Trigona (Oxytrigona) tataira (Apidae, Meliponinae). Boletim de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo 2: 183-187 [184, 186] (mutualism: Aethalion reticulatum, citation; as Melipona ruficrus, behavior, mutualism: Aethalion reticulatum, citation)
Cortopassi-Laurino, M. (1992). Divisão de recursos tróficos entre abelhas sociais principalmente em Apis mellifera Linné e Trigona (trigona) [sic] spinipes Fabricius (Apidae, Hymenoptera). [thesis abstract] pp. 119-121 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [119-121] (food resources, pollen record: Myrtaceae, Leguminosae, trophic niche)
Cortopassi-Laurino, M. & Nogueira-Neto, P. (2003). Notas sobre a bionomia de Tetragonisca weyrauchi Schwarz, 1943 (Apidae, Meliponini). Acta Amazonica 33 (4): 643-650 [644] (exposed nest, thermoregulation, citation)
Costa Cruz, C. (1962). Anatomia e histologia comparadas das glândulas mandibulares dos Meliponídeos. Arquivos do Museu Nacional 52: 79-84 [79, 80, 81, 83] (as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, anatomy, histology, mandibular glands, figure)
Costa e Souza, I., Martins, M. A. S. & Alves, R. M. O. (1996). Meliponicultura para iniciantes pp. 91-115 in Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (ed.) Abelha Uruçu. Biologia, Manejo e Conservação. Belo Horizonte: Fundação Acangaú 144 pp. [93, 94] (folk name: "irapuá", "arapuá", plant damaging, rearing, list)
Costa, K. F., Brito, R. M. & Miyazawa, C. S. (2004). Karyotypic description of four species of Trigona (Jurine, 1807) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) from the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Gen. Mol. Biol. 27 (2): 187-190 [187, 188] (cytogenetics, karyotype, chromosomes number (2n=34), citation)
Costa Lima, A. M. (1936). Terceiro catálogo dos insectos que vivem nas plantas do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Ministério da Agricultura, Directoria de Estatística da Producção 460 + iv' pp. [382] (as Melipona ruficrus, folk names: "abelha cachorro", "arapuá", "irapuan", pollination: Musa paradisiaca (Musaceae), damaging: Citrus, Cassia multijuga and "abieiro", geographic records, citation)
Costa-Neto, E. M. (1999). Healing with animals in Feira de Santana City, Bahia, Brazil. J. Ethnopharmacol. 65: 225-230 [228] (folk name: "arapuá", nest, scutellum, folk medicinal uses [?])
Costa, R. A. C. (2002). Glândulas hipofaríngeas pp. 91-109 in Cruz-Landim, C. & F. C. Abdalla (ed.) Glândulas exócrinas das abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: FUNPEC xi+181 pp. [94, 95] (morphology, hypopharyngeal glands, figure, citation)
Couto, R. H. N. (1996). Contribuição das abelhas na polinização de plantas produtoras de vagens pp. 135-140 in Garófalo, C. A., Soares, A. E. E., Paulino-Simões, Z. L. & Camillo, E. (ed.) Anais do II Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto xxii+351 pp. [138] (foraging behavior, flower damaging: Dolichos lab lab, Crotalaria juncea, Brassica napus)
Crane, E. (1999). The world history of beekeeping and honey hunting. New York: Routledge xxii+682 pp. [289] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, beekeeping [!])
Cruz, C. C. (1963). Evolución de algunos caracteres del género Apis. In: Apicultura, Madrid [volumes 129, 130, 131?] pp. 1-15 [4] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, communication, odor marks, mandibular gland secretion)
Cruz Landim, C. (1967). Estudo comparativo de algumas glândulas das abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) e respectivas implicações evolutivas. Arquivos de Zoologia 15 (3): 177-290 [194, 219, 253, 266, 267] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, geographic record, anatomy, histology, mandibular gland, figure, phylogeny)
Cruz-Landim, C. (1994). Polimorfismo na ocorrência de glândulas exócrinas nas abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) pp. 118-129 in Zucchi, R., Drumond, P. M., Fernandes-da-Silva, P. G. & Augusto, S. C. (ed.) Anais do I Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo xx+308 pp. [125] (mandibular glands, size)
Cruz-Landim, C. (2000). Ovarian development in Meliponine bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae): the effect of queen presence and food on worker ovary development and egg production. Gen. Mol. Biol. 23 (1): 83-88 [84, 87] (ovarioles number, worker ovary development, orphan colonies)
Cruz-Landim, C., Moraes, R. L. M. S., Salles, H. C. & Reginato, R. D. (1998). Note on glands present in Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) bees legs. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (1): 159-165 [160] (exocrine glands in leg)
Cruz-Landim, C. & Mota, M. H. V. B. (1990). Occurrence of tegumentary glands in stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) pp. 587-588 in Veeresh, G. K., Mallik, B. & Viraktamath, C. A. (ed.) Social insects and the environment: proceedings of the 11th international congress of IUSSI, Bangalore, India. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. xxxi+765 pp. [587, 588] (tegumentary glands)
Cruz-Landim, C. & Reginato, R. D. (1999). Preliminar report on the presence of tegumentar glands in the thorax of Meliponinae bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Rev. Bras. Biol. 59 (1): 167-172 [168] (mesothoracic glands)
Cruz-Landim, C., Reginato, R. D. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (1998). Variation on ovariole number in Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) queen's ovaries, with comments on ovary development and caste differentiation. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 40 (18): 289-296 [290, 291, 292, 294] (ovarioles number, figure: ovarioles)
Cunha, R. A. (1973). Taxonomia numérica de alguns Meliponinae (Hymenoptera- Apidae). Ciência Biológica (Portugal) 1: 25-42 [27 (reprint page 3)] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, unnumbered pages: figures 2-7, phenetic analysis, phenograms)
Cunha, R. A. (1991). Revisão da taxonomia de alguns Meliponinae por métodos fenéticos (Hym., Apidae). Naturalia (São Paulo) 16: 33-53 [36, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 50] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, OTU 17, phenetic analysis, phenograms)
Dalla Torre C. G. de (1896). Catalogus Hymenopterorum; Hucusque Descriptorum Systematicus et Synonymicus. Leipzig: Engelmann Vol. 10 viii+1–643 pp. [308, 580, 583] (as Centris spinipes, Melipona luteipes and Melipona ruficrus, list)
Darchen, R. (1969). La biologie des Trigones et des Mélipones (Hyménoptéres Apidae) a la lumbre des travaux récents. Annee Biol. 8 (7-8): 455-490 [464, 470, 480, 482] (gut length, foraging behavior, flower, fruits damaging, citation [not mentioned]; as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, flight range, citation [not mentioned], honey dehydration)
Darchen, R. & Louis, J. (1961). Les mélipones et leur élevage Melipona - Trigona - Lestremelitta [sic]. Annales de L’Abeille 4 (I): 5-39 [27, 28, 29, 30] (as Trigona ruficrus, nest population, communication, distance, direction, foraging range, aggressiveness, nest material, bovine excrements to build cells [error!], citation [not mentioned])
Dec, E. & Mouga, D.M.D.S. (2014). Diversidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera: Apidae) em área de mata atlântica em Joinville, Santa Catarina. Acta Biol. Catarinense 1 (2): 15-27 [18] (Distribution record)
Deprá, M.S., Delaqua, G.C.G., Freitas, L. & Gaglianone, M.C. (2014). Pollination deficit in open-field tomato crops (Solanum lycopersicum L., Solanaceae) in Rio de Janeiro state, Southeast Brazil. J. Pollinat. Ecol. 12 (1): 1-8 [4] (Distribution record)
Dias, D. (1957). Comparative notes on the ventral nerve cord of certain Apinae bees. Rev. de Agricultura 32: 279-289 [279, 287] (as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, morphology, ventral nerve cord, abdominal ganglia)
Diniz-Filho, J. A. F., Araújo, E. D. & Pignata, M. I. B. (1995). Evolution of size and shape in stingless bee workers (Apidae, Meliponinae): patterns of phylogenetic autocorrelation. Comun. Mus. Ciênc. Tecnol., PUCRS, Sér. Zool. 8: 61-71 [63, 64, 65] (body size, shape, phylogenetic autocorrelation)
Du Buysson, R. & Marshall, T. A. (1892). Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela (Decémbre 1887- Avril 1888). Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 61: 53-60 [54] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona ruficrus [error, does not exist in Venuzuela], geographic records)
Ducke, A. (1907). Contribution a la connaissance de la faune Hyménoptérologique du Nord-Est du Brésil. Revue d' Entomologie 26: 73-96 [75, 89] (as Trigona ruficrus, geographic record)
Ducke, A. (1908). Contribution à la connaissance de la faune Hyménoptérologique du Nord-Est du Brésil. Revue d' Entomologie 27 (6): 57-87 [60, 80] (as Trigona ruficrus, geographic record, geographic range, folk name: "arapu", "irapuan", "canudo" [?], nesting site: on summit of mountains [!])
Ducke, A. (1910). Contribution à la connaissance de la faune hyménoptérologique du nord-est du Brésil. III. Hyménoptères récoltés dans l'Etat de Ceará en 1909 et suppléments aux deux listes antérieures. Rev. Entomol. (Caen) 28: 78-122 [108] (as Trigona ruficrus, comparative note)
Ducke, A. (1910). Zur Synonymie der neotropischen Apidae. (Hym.). Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 6 (4): 362-369 [368] (as Trigona ruficrus, synonymy, taxonomic note)
Ducke, A. (1910). Explorações botânicas e entomológicas no Estado do Ceará. Rev. Trim. Inst. Ceará 24: 3-61 [41, 52] (as Trigona ruficrus, geographic range, geographic records, folk names: "arapú", "irapuan")
Ducke, A. (1916). Enumeração dos Hymenopteros colligidos pela Comissão e Revisão das espécies de abelhas do Brasil. Comm. Lin. Teleg. Estr. M. Gr. ao Amazonas 35: 3-171 [15, 24, 26, 27, 29, 35, 44, 124, 129, 130, 135, 137] (as Melipona ruficrus ruficrus, nest characteristics, aggressiveness, excrements, carrion collecting, comparative notes, key, diagnosis, geographic records, figure: plate 6 - figure 20)
Ducke, A. (1925). Die stachellosen Bienen (Melipona) Brasiliens, Nach morphologischen und ethologischen Merkmalen geordnet. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 49: 335-448 [340,341, 344,346, 354, 370, 417-419, 448] (as Melipona ruficrus ruficrus, nest characteristics, aggressiveness, excrements, carrion collecting, geographic range, folk name: "arapuá", "irapuan", "abelha-cachorro" [?], comparative notes, key, diagnosis, geographic records, plate 4 - figure 20: hind leg)
Engels, W., Rosenkranz, P. & Engels, E. (1995). Thermoregulation in the nest of the Neotropical stingless bee Scaptotrigona postica and a hypothesis on the evolution of temperature homeostasis in highly eusocial bees. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna & Environm. 30 (4): 193-205 [200, 201, 202] (as Trigona spinnipes [sic], nest, brood area, homeostasis, exposed nest - citation)
Erichson, W. F. (1841). Bericht über die Leistungen in der Naturgeschichte der Insecten, Arachniden, Crustaceen und Entomostraceen während des Jahres 1840. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 7 (2): 218-219 [219] (as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Fabricius, J. C. (1804). Systema Piezatorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Brunsvigae: Reichard 1-439 pp. [361] (as Centris spinipes, diagnosis)
Faria, G. M. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1996). A flora melitófila e a fauna de Apoidea de um ecossistema de campos rupestres, Serra do Cipó, MG, Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Anais do II Encontro sobre abelhas 217-228 pp. [227] (geographic record, relative abundance)
Faria-Mucci, G. M., Melo, M. A. & Campos, L. A. O. (2003). A fauna de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) e plantas utilizadas como fonte de recursos florais, em um ecossistema de campos rupestres em Lavras Novas, Minas Gerais, Brasil pp. 241-256 in Melo, G. A. R. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (ed.) Apoidea Neotropica: Homenagem aos 90 anos de Jesus Santiago Moure. Criciúma: Editora UNESC 320 pp. [244, 248, 252] (geographic record, habitat, relative abundance, flower records: Jacaranda caroba (Bignoniaceae), Peixotoa tomentosa (Malpighiaceae), Tibouchina sp. (Melastomataceae))
Ferrari, R.R. & Nemésio, A. (2011). Description of the female Euglossa nanomelanotricha Nemésio, 2009 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossina).. Spixiana (Munich) 34 (2): 221-224 [222] (Distribution record)
Ferreira, A., Abdalla, F. C., Kerr, W. E. & Cruz-Landim, C. (2004). Comparative anatomy of the male reproductive internal organs of 51 species of bees. Neotropical Entomology 33 (5): 569-576 [571] (geographic record, male, reproductive organs)
Ferreira, L.A.C., Martins, D.C., Rêgo, M.M.C. & Albuquerque, P.M.C. (2019). Richness of Wild Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in a Forest Remnant in a Transition Region of Eastern Amazonia. Psyche (Camb.) 5356104: 1-11 [4] (Distribution record)
Figueiredo, R. (1930). Como descobrir e destruir os ninhos de abelha cahorro ou irapuá (Melipona ruficrus), grande inimiga dos nossos pomares. Chácaras e Quintais 42 (4): 393-394 [393-394] (as Melipona ruficrus, folk names: "abelha cachorro", "irapuá", culture damaging)
Fischer, E. A. & Gordo, M. (1993). Qualea cordata, pollination by the territorial bee Centris tarsata in the "campos rupestres", Brazil. Ciência e Cultura 45 (2): 144-147 [145, 146] (geographic record, flower record: Qualea cordata (Vochysiaceae), thorax width, daily activity, nectar, pollen foraging behavior, occasional pollination)
Fonseca, J. P. (1933). Uma abelha nociva ás plantas cítricas. Campo 4 (8): 31-32 [31-32] ([* from Costa Lima, 1936: 35, 382])
Franceschinelli, E.V., Bergamini, L.L., Silva-Neto, C.L., Elias, M.A.S., Moreira, G.L., Morais, J.M. & Mesquita-Neto, J.N. (2019). Native bee fauna of tomato crops: a comparison of active sampling and pan trapping methods. Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 109: 1-7 [4] (Distribution record)
Francke, W., Lübke, G., Schröder, W., Reckziegel, A., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V., Kleinert, A., Engels, E., Hartfelder, K., Radtke, R. & Engels, W. (2000). Identification of oxygen containing volatiles in cephalic secretions of workers of Brazilian stingless bees. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 11 (6): 562-571 [563, 564, 566, 569] (biochemistry, cephalic secretions, volatile oxygen compounds)
Françoso Jr., O. A. & Bicudo, J. E. P. W. (2000). Estudo comparativo e evolutivo do metabolismo aeróbio de Melipona bicolor Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) pp. 86-93 in Bitondi, M. M. G., Hartfelder, K., et al. (ed.) IV Encontro sobre abelhas: Anais. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, USP xxix+363 pp. [87, 93] (list, respiratory metabolism)
Freire, J. A. H. & Gara, R. I. (1970). Algumas observações sobre o comportamento de algumas espécies do gênero Trigona (Apidae- Meliponini). Turrialba 20 (3): 351-356 [352] (plant damaging, vector: Aschochyta citri (Fungi), citation)
Freitas, B. M. (1998). A importância relativa de Apis mellifera e outras espécies de abelhas na polinização de culturas agrícolas pp. 10-20 in Simões, Z. L. P., Soares, A. E. E., Bitondi, M. M. G., Camillo, E., Garófalo, C. A. & Gonçalves, L. S. (ed.) Anais do III Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto xx+295 pp. [11] (pollination, note)
Freitas, B. M., Alves, J. E., Brandão, G. F. & Araujo, Z. B. (1999). Pollination requirements of West Indian cherry (Malpighia emarginata) and its putative pollinators, Centris bees, in NE Brazil. J. Agric. Sci. 133: 303-311 [308, 309] (geographic record, flower record: Malpighia emarginata (Malpighiaceae), relative abundance, oil, resin collecting)
Freitas, B.M., Pacheco-Filho, A.J.S., Andrade, P.B., Lemos, C.Q., Rocha, E.E.M. & Mendonça, K.S. (2014). Forest remnants enhance wild pollinator visits to cashew flowers and mitigate pollination deficit in NE Brazil. J. Pollinat. Ecol. 12 (4): 22-30 [26] (Distribution record)
Freitas, B. M., Paxton, R. J. & Holanda-Neto, J. P. (2002). Identifying pollinators among an array of flower visitors, and the case of inadequate cashew pollination in NE Brazil pp. 229-244 in Kevan, P. G. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (ed.) Pollinating bees: the conservation link between agriculture and nature. Brasília: Ministry of environment 313 pp. [236, 239] (pollen foraging, flower record: Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae), geographic record, relative abundance)
Friese, H. (1900). Monographie der Bienengattung Centris (s. lat.). Ann. K-K. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 15 (3-4): 237-350 [337] (as Centris spinipes, synonymy, diagnosis)
Friese, H. (1913). Über einige nomenklatorische Änderungen. Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 1913: 579-580 [579] (as Trigona ruficrus, comparative note)
Fuzaro, L., Andaló, V., Carvalho, S.M., Silva, F.A.N., Carvalho, F.J. & Rabelo, L.S. (2019). Floral visitors of canola (Brassica napus L.) hybrids in Cerrado Mineiro region, Brazil. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, São Paulo 86: 1-10 [4] (Distribution record)
Gaglianone, M. C. (2000). Biologia floral de espécies simpátricas de Malvaceae e suas abelhas visitantes. Biociências 8 (1): 13-31 [26] (geographic record, flower records: Sida rhombifolia, Sidastrum micranthum, S. paniculatum (Malvaceae))
Gama, J.S.N., Bruno, R.L.A., Quirino, Z.G.M., Ramalho, F.S. & Pereira-Júnior, L.R. (2013). Comportamento de polinizadores e sistema reprodutivo de erva-doce cultivada em campos consorciado com algodão. Rev. Caatinga 26 (4): 39-47 [43] (Distribution record)
Gastauer, M., Campos, L.A.O. & Wittmann, D. (2011). Handling sticky resin by stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 55 (2): 234-240 [234, 235] (Distribution record)
Gimenes, M. (2002). Interactions between bees and Ludwigia elegans (Camb.) Hara (Onagraceae) flowers at different altitudes in São Paulo, Brazil. Rev. Bras. Zool. 19 (3): 681-689 [684] (geographic record, flower record: Ludwigia elegans (Onagraceae))
Giorgini, J. F. & Gusman, A. B. (1972). A importância das abelhas na polinização pp. 155-214 in Camargo, J. M. F. (ed.) Manual de apicultura. São Paulo: Editora Agronômica Ceres 252 pp. [174, 175, 176] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, nectar foraging behavior, figure: corolla perforation, crop damaging)
Girard, M. J. A. (1876). Notice sur les mélipones et trigones brésiliennes. Bull. Soc. Imp. Zool. Acclim. 23 (ser. 3, vol. 3): 192-197 [193] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Günther, K. (1931). A naturalist in Brazil; the flora and fauna and the people of Brazil.. Leipzig: Translated by Bernard Miall 1-400 + 32 plates pp. [297, 376] (as "Irapuan" [* from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Gonçalves, J. A. (1973). Ocorrência e abundância de abelhas indígenas no estado do Ceará (Brasil). Bol. Cear. Agron. 14: 1-13 [3, 4, 6, 11] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, folk name: "arapuá", geographic record, relative abundance, aggressive behavior)
Gonçalves, R.B. & Brandão, C.R.F. (2008). Diversity of bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae) along a latitudinal gradient in the Atlantic Forest. Biota Neotropica 8 (4): 51-61 [56] (Distribution record)
Gonçalves, R. B. & Melo, G. A. R. (2005). A comunidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apidae s. l.) em uma área restrita de campo natural no Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, Paraná: diversidade, fenologia e fontes florais de alimento. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 49 (4): 557-571 [562, 563, 566] (geographic record, relative abundance, nesting site: on tree branches, flower records: Allagoptera campestris (Arecaceae), Baccharis pauciflosculosa (Asteraceae), Chamaecrista desvauxii triunviralis (Caesalpiniaceae), Crotalaria micans (Fabaceae))
Gonçalves, R.B., Santos, E.F. & Scott-Santos, C.F. (2012). Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae s.l.) captured with Malaise and pan traps along an altitudinal gradient in the Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. Check List 8 (1): 053-056 [55] (Distribution record)
Gonzalez, L. & Brown, B. V. (2004). New species and records of Melaloncha (Udamochiras) bee-killing flies (Diptera: Phoridae). Zootaxa 730: 1-14 [10, 12] (geographic records, bee-killing flies, potential parasite: Melaloncha corniculata, M. schiaffinoae (Phoridae, Diptera))
Graf, L.V., Zenni, R.D. & Gonçalves, R.B. (2020). Ecological impact and population status of non-native bees in a Brazilian urban environment. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 64 (2(e20200006)): 1-8 [supplementary 2] (Distribution record)
Gribodo, G. (1894). Matériaux our servir a l'étude de la faune entomologique du Chili. Actes Soc. Sci. Chili 4: 200-201 [200-201] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona ruficrus and Trigona ruficrus concolor [error, does not exist in Chile; * from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Grünberg, K. (1904). H. v. Ihering, Biologie der stachellosen Honigbienen brasiliens [review]. Biol. Centralbl. 24: 7-18 [9, 10, 14, 15] (as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 260]; as Trigona rufifrons [probably lapsus calami for Trigona ruficrus Latreille; *from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Gruchowski-Woitowicz, F.C., Silva, C.I. & Ramalho, M. (2020). Experimental field test of the influence of generalist stingless bees (Meliponini) on the topology of a bee-flower mutualistic network in the tropics. Ecol. Entomol. 45 (4): 854-866 [859] (Distribution record)
Haliday, A. H. (1837). Descriptions, etc. of the Hymenoptera. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoo 17: 316-331 [321] (as Melipona ruficrus, geographic record)
Heard, T. A. (1999). The role of stingless bees in crop pollination. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 44: 183-206 [186, 187, 194, 195] (pollination: Nymphaea ampla, pollen record: Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae), flower record: Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae), Cucurbita pepo (Cucurbitaceae), citation; as Trigona ruficrus, flight range, citation)
Herbst, P. (1921). Über einige chilenische Hymenopteren, welche Gribodo erwähnt. Stett. Entomol. Ztg. 82: 102-107 [102] (as Trigona ruficrus concolor [*from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Hertel, H. & Ventura, D. F. (1985). Spectral sensitivity of photoreceptors in the compound eye of stingless tropical bees. J. Insect Physiol. 31 (12): 931-935 [931, 932, 934] (geographic record, spectral sensitivity, photoreceptors)
Höfling, E. & Almeida Camargo, H. F. (1993). Aves no Campus: Cidade Universitária Armando Salles Oliveira - São Paulo. São Paulo: Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo 126 pp. [54] (folk name: "irapuá", predator: Melanerpes candidus (Picidae), culture damaging: citrus)
Hilário, S. D., Gimenes, M. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (2003). The influence of colony size in diel rhythms of flight activity of Melipona bicolor Lepeletier (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) pp. 191-197 in Melo, G. A. R. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (ed.) Apoidea Neotropica: Homenagem aos 90 anos de Jesus Santiago Moure. Criciúma: Editora UNESC 320 pp. [192] (pollination, citation)
Holmberg, E. L. (1887). Viaje á Misiones. Bol. Acad. Nac. Cienc. Cordoba 10: 252-288 [276] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Hrncir, M. Jarau, S., Zucchi, R. & Barth, F. G. (2000). Recruitment behavior in stingless bees, Melipona scutellaris and M. quadrifasciata. II. Possible mechanisms of communication. Apidologie 31: 93-113 [94] (communication, recruitment, scent trail, citation)
Ihering, H. (1886). Der Stachel der Meliponen. Entomol. Nachr. 12: 177-188, plate 1 [184-185, 187] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 259], figure: plate 1 - figure 5)
Ihering, H. (1903). As abelhas sociais do Brasil e suas denominações tupis. Revista do Instituto Historico e Geográfico de São 8: 376-388 [379, 382, 386] (as Trigona ruficrus, folk names: "irapoan", "irapuan", "arapua" [*from Schwarz, 1938: 260])
Ihering, H. (1903). Biologie der stachellosen Honigbienen Brasiliens. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 19: 179-287 [184, 187, 228-231, 240, 242, 249, 255, 264, 266, 278] (folk name: "arapuá", "irapuan", nest characteristics, nesting site: on branches of trees, figures: nest, nest weight, royal cells, defense behavior, pillage, damaging: citrus, other fruit trees, excrements visiting, honey characteristics, composition, wax, etymology, figures: plates 20, 21, 22, figure 1)
Ihering, H. (1912). Zur Biologie der brasilianischen Meliponiden. Z. Wiss. Insektenbiol. 8(1): 1-5 [2] (as Trigona ruficrus, nest)
Ihering, H. (1930). Biologia das abelhas melliferas do Brasil. Boletim de Agricultura 31 (5-6): 435-506, 649-714 [442, 498-502, 651, 652, 653, 655, 656, 657, 662,] (669, 675, 678-679, 682, 698-699, 712; as Trigona ruficrus, folk name: "irapoan", "arapuá", "ira-puam", "eirapuã", nest characteristics, nesting site: on branches of trees, figures: nest, nest weight, royal cells, defense behavior, pillage, damaging: citrus, other fruit trees, excrements visiting, honey characteristics, composition, wax, etymology)
Ihering, R. (1939). Ensaio geográfico sôbre o vocabulário zoológico popular de Brasil. Rev. Brasileira Geogr. 1 (3): 75-75 [75] (as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Ihering, R. (2002). Dicionário dos animais do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: DIFEL 1-588 + 12 plates pp. [86, 263, 571] (as Trigona ruficrus and Trigona rufricus [sic], folk names: "irapuã", "arapuã", "arapuá", diagnosis, nest characteristics, nesting site: exposed, on tree, behavior, aggressiveness, honey, pollination: banana, damaging: orange flowers, toxic properties of the nest)
Imperatriz-Fonseca, V.L., Kleinert-Giovannini, A., Cortopassi-Laurino, M. & Ramalho, M. (1984). Hábitos de coleta de Tetragonisca angustula angustula Latreille, (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Boletim de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo 8: 115-131 [126, 128, 129] (nest distribution, trophic niche, flower record: Eucalyptus spp., agonistic behavior, competition: Apis mellifera)
Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L., Ramalho, M. & Kleinert-Giovannini, A. (1993). Abelhas sociais e flores. Análise polínica como método de estudo pp. 17-30 in Pirani, J. R. & Cortopassi-Laurino, M. (ed.) Flores e Abelhas em São Paulo. São Paulo: EDUSP/FAPESP 194 pp. [27] (geographic record, pollen, nectar foraging, flower records: Aloe sp. (Liliaceae), Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae), Archontophoenix cunninghamiana (Palmae), Trema micrantha (Ulmaceae))
Iwama, S. & Melhem, T. S. (1979). The pollen spectrum of the honey of Tetragonisca angustula angustula Latreille (Apidae, Meliponinae). Apidologie 10 (3): 275-295 [289] (folk name: "irapuá", nectar foraging behavior, extrafloral nectaries)
Jarau, S., Hrncir, M., Zucchi, R. & Barth, F. G. (2000). Recruitment behavior in stingless bees, Melipona scutellaris and M. quadrifasciata. I. Foraging at food sources differing in direction and distance. Apidologie 31 (1): 81-91 [86] (as Trigona ruficrus, communication, recruitment, citation)
Jarau, S., Hrncir, M., Zucchi, R. & Barth, F. G. (2004). A stingless bee uses labial gland secretions for scent trail communication (Trigona recursa Smith 1863). J. Comp. Physiol. A. Sens. Neural Behav. Physiol. 190: 233-239 [233] (artificial scent trail, citation)
Jardine, W. (1859). Bees pp. 24, 275, 280, 282, 284, 288-300 in Jardine, W (ed.) The naturalist's library Vol. 34. London: . 2?nd Edn [plate 27, figure 2] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Jurine, L. (1807). Nouvelle méthode de classer les hyménoptères et des diptères. Geneva: J. J. Paschoud Vol. 1 319 + 4, 14 plates pp. [246] (as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Kerr, W. E. (1951). Bases para o estudo da genética de populações dos Hymenoptera em geral e dos Apinae sociais em particular. An. Esc. Sup. Agric. "Luiz de Queiroz" 8: 219-354 [275, 280, 294, 297, 300, 322] (as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, swarming, citation, populational density, mimicry: Tetrapedia, Paratetrapedia, behavior, pillage)
Kerr, W. E. (1960). Evolution of communication in bees and its role in speciation. Evolution 14 (3): 386-387 [387] (as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, communication, odor marks, mandibular glands, citation)
Kerr, W. E. (1969). Some aspects of the evolution of social bees (Apidae). Evol. Biol. 3: 119-175 [135, 145, 148, 166] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, spermatogenesis, chromosomes, behavior, communication, scent mark distance, alarming, sound, odor, excited walking, scent trail, distance, orientation, mandibular and tarsal gland secretion, phylogeny)
Kerr, W. E. (2002). Extinção de espécies: a grande crise biológica do momento e como afeta os meliponínios pp. 4-9 in Garófalo et al. (ed.) V Encontro sobre abelhas: anais. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Biologia xxv+355 pp. [6, 7] (geographic records, relative abundance, citation)
Kerr, W. E., Blum, M. & Fales, H. M. (1981). Communication of food source between workers of Trigona (Trigona) spinipes. Rev. Bras. Biol. 41 (3): 619-623 [619-623] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, pollination: Crotalaria juncea, crop damaging: orange, honey composition, citation, communication, scent path, foraging range, training, sun compass orientation, mandibular gland secretion components)
Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (1996). Enxameagem pp. 47-52 in Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (ed.) Abelha Uruçu. Biologia, Manejo e Conservação. Belo Horizonte: Fundação Acangaú 144 pp. [50] (swarming, citation)
Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (1996). Ninhos de meliponíneos pp. 31-35 in Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (ed.) Abelha Uruçu. Biologia, Manejo e Conservação. Belo Horizonte: Fundação Acangaú 144 pp. [32] (exposed nest)
Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (1996). Divisão de trabalho pp. 37-46 in Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (ed.) Abelha Uruçu. Biologia, Manejo e Conservação. Belo Horizonte: Fundação Acangaú 144 pp. [42, 43, 44] (communication, scent trail, citation [not mentioned], competition)
Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A., Silva, A. C. & Assis, M. G. P. (2005). Aspectos pouco mencionados da biodiversidade amazônica. Mensagem Doce 80: 46-60 [52] (geographic record, citation, folk name: "irapuá", aggressiveness, competition)
Kerr, W. E. & Esch, H. (1965). Comunicação entre as abelhas sociais brasileiras e sua contribuição para o entendimento da sua evolução. Ciência e Cultura (SP) 17 (4): 529-538 [532, 533, 536] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, phylogenies, communication)
Kerr, W. E., Ferreira, A. & Mattos, N. S. (1963). Communication among stingless bees- additional data (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. N. Y. Entomol. Soc. 71(2): 80-90 [83, 84, 87, 88, 89] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, communication, training, scent paths, odor marks distance)
Kerr, W. E., Nascimento, V. A. & Carvalho, G. A. (1994). Há salvação para os meliponíneos? pp. 60-65 in Zucchi, R., Drumond, P. M., Fernandes-da-Silva, P. G. & Augusto, S. C. (ed.) Anais do I Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo xx+308 pp. [62] (geographic records, flower records: Moquinia polymorpha, Vernonia polyanthes, Bacharis [sic] dracunculifolia, citation)
Kerr, W. E., Nascimento, V. A. & Carvalho, G. A. (1996). Can our stingless bees be saved?. Pegone 4: 14-16 [15] (geographic records, flower records: Moquinia polymorpha, Vernonia polyanthes, Baccharis dracunculifolia, citation)
Kerr, W. E., Sakagami, S. F., Zucchi, R., Portugal Araújo, V. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1967). Observações sôbre a arquitetura dos ninhos e comportamento de algumas espécies de abelhas sem ferrão das vizinhanças de Manaus, Amazonas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5: 255-309 [258, 263, 284, 290] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, nest, aggressiveness, comparative note)
Kerr, W. E. & Silveira, Z. V. (1972). Karyotypic evolution of bees and corresponding taxonomic implications. Evolution 26: 197-202 [199] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, chromosomes number: n=17, citation)
Kirby, W. F. (1884). On the Hymenoptera collected during the recent expedition of H. M. S. "Chalenger". Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 13: 413-413 [413] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Klug, J. C. F. (1807). Species apiariarum familiae novas, descripsit, generumque characteres adjecit. Magazin des Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde 1: 263-265 [265] (as Melipona citriperdae [sic], comparative note)
Knoll, F. R. N. (1992). Abundância relativa das abelhas no campus da Universidade de São Paulo (23o33'S; 46o43'W) com especial referência à Tetragonisca angustula, Latreille. [dissertation abstract] pp. 232-233 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [232, 233] (relative abundance)
Knoll, F. R. N. (1992). Abundância relativa, sazonalidade e preferências florais de Apidae (Hymenoptera) em uma área urbana (23o33'S; 46o43'W). [thesis abstract] pp. 233-234 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [233, 234] (relative abundance)
Knoll, F. R. N., Bego, L. R. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (1993). As abelhas em áreas urbanas: um estudo no campus da Universidade de São Paulo pp. 31-42 in Pirani, J. R. & Cortopassi-Laurino, M. (ed.) Flores e abelhas em São Paulo. São Paulo: EDUSP / FAPESP 193 pp. [33, 34, 38, 39, 40] (geographic record, folk name: "irapuá", nest population, nest distribution, nest entrance, defense behavior, communication, damaging, relative abundance, flower records: Agapanthus africanus, Aloe sp., Hemerocallis flava, H. fulva, Lilium longiflorum (Liliaceae), Silene armeria (Caryophylaceae), Ocimum nudicaule, O. sellowii, Iboza riparia, Coleus sp., Leonurus sibiricus, Salvia guaranitica, S. splendens (Labiatae), Lithraea molleoides, Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), Dombeya burgessiae, D. wallichii (Sterculiaceae), Rhododendron indicum (Ericaceae), Musa sp., Strelitzia reginae (Musaceae), Impatiens balsamina, I. sultanii (Balsaminaceae), Camellia japonica (Theaceae), Senna bicapsularis, Acacia podalyriaefolia, Mimosa pudica, Erythrina speciosa, Tipuana tipu, Bauhinia variegata (Leguminosae), Tropaeolum majus (Tropaeolaceae), Thevetia peruviana (Apocynaceae), Lagerstroemia indica (Lythraceae), Coreopsis grandiflora, Gerbera jamesonii, Helianthus annus, Aster laevis, Chrysanthemum maximum, Tithonia speciosa, Bidens pilosa, Emilia sonchifolia, Wedelia paludosa (Compositae), Euphorbia milii splendens (Euphorbiaceae), Dietes vegeta, Iris germanica (Iridacea), Cordia verbenacea (Boraginaceae), Delphinium sp. (Ranunculaceae), Eranthemum nervosum, Thunbergia grandiflora (Acanthaceae), Campomanesia xanthocarpa, Syzigium jambos (Myrtaceae), Pelargonium peltatum (Geraniaceae), Grevillea banksii (Proteaceae), Tabebuia umbellata T. impetiginosa, Jacaranda mimosifolia (Bignoniaceae), Citrus sp. (Rutaceae), Solanum americanum, Datura suaveolens (Solanaceae), Zea mays (Gramineae), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (Malvaceae), Byrsonima intermedia (Malpighiaceae), Nymphaea mexicana (Nymphaeaceae), Mesembryantemum spectabilis (Aizoaceae), Tibouchina holosericeae (Melastomataceae), Archontophoenix cunninghamiana (Palmae), Prunus persica, Rosa sp. (Rosaceae), Bougainvillea spectabilis (Nyctaginaceae), Punica granatum (Punicaceae), Sambucus australis (Caprifoliaceae), Agave sisalana (Agavaceae), Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae), Polygonum capitatum (Polygonaceae), Vellozia sp. (Velloziaceae), Duranta repens (Verbenaceae))
Koschnitzke, C. (2011). First record of the behavior of latex drainage by Trigona spinipes (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in laticiferous flowers. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 55 (3): 439-44 (Distribution record)
Krug, C., Alves-dos-Santos, I. & Cane, J. (2010). Visiting bees of Cucurbita flowers (Cucurbitaceae) with emphasis on the presence of Peponapis fervens Smith (Eucerini - Apidae) - Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Oecol. Aust. 14 (1): 128-139 [134] (Distribution record)
Lamarck, J. B. P. A. M. (1817). Histoire naturelle des animaux san vertebres, presentant les caractres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principlaes especes qui s'y rapprotant. Paris: Deterville Vol. 4 603 pp. [53] (as Melipona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Lamarck, J. B. P. A. M. (1835). Histoire naturelle des animaux san vertebres, presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales especes qui s'y rapprotant [revised and argumented with notes by G. P. Deshayes and H. Milne Edwards]. Paris: J. B. Bailliere, Librarie 2nd Edn Vol. 4 587 pp. [272, 273] (as Melipona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Laroca, S. (1970). Contribuição para o conhecimento das relações entre abelhas e flôres: coleta de pólen das anteras tubulares de certas Melastomataceae. Floresta 2: 69-74 [72, 73] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, pollen foraging behavior, flower record: Tibouchina pilosa (Melastomataceae))
Laroca, S. (1997). Mutualisme entre Trigona fuscipennis (Hymenoptera, Apidae) et Anchistrotus amitteraglobus, un membracide amazonien que subt la mutilation naturelle du pronotum. Acta Biol. Paranaense (Curitiba) 26 (1,2,3,4): 1-8 [5, 6] (mutualism: Aethalion reticulatum (Aethalionidae), citation)
Laroca, S., Cure, J. R. & Bortoli, C. (1982). A associação de abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) de uma área restrita no interior da cidade de Curitiba (Brasil): uma abordagem biocenótica. Dusenia 13 (3): 93-117 [98, 103] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, geographic record, relative abundance)
Laroca, S. & M. C. Almeida (1994). O relicto de cerrado de Jaguariaíva, (Paraná, Brasil): I. padrões biogeográficos, melissocenoses e flora melissófila. Acta Biol. Paranaense (Curitiba) 23 (1,2,3,4): 89-101 [99, 101, 105-106] (habitat, relative abudance, nest population, exposed nest, citation)
Laroca, S. & Orth, A. I. (2002). Melissocoenology: historical perspective, method of sampling, and recomendations to the "Program of conservation ns sustainable use of pollinators with emphasis on bees" (ONU) pp. 217-225 in Kevan, P. G. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (ed.) Pollinating bees: the conservation link between agriculture and nature. Brasília: Ministry of environment 313 pp. [221] (geographic record)
Latreille, P. A. (1809). Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias disposita, inconibus exemplisque plurimis explicata.. Paris and Strasbourg: Armand Koenig Vol. 4 178, 182-183 pp. [183] (as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Latreille, P. A. (1811). Insectes de l'Amérique Équinoxiale, recueillis pendant le voyage de MM. Humboldt et Bonpland pp. 173-174, 260-297 in Humboldt, F. H. A. & Bonpland, A. J. A. (ed.) Voyage aux régions équinoxiales du noveau continent, fait en 1799-1804. Recueil d' observations de zoollogie et d' anatomie comparée, faites dans l' océan Atlantique, dans l' intérieur du nouveau continent et dans le Mer du Sud pendant les années 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802 et 1803 Vol. 1. Paris: F. Schoell & G. Dufour 352 pp. [293, 297] (as Trigona ruficrus, diagnosis, synonymy, comparative notes, figure: plate 20, figure 5)
LeCointe, P. (1922). L'Amazonie brésilienne; le pays - ses habitants, ses ressources, notes et statistiques jusqu'en 1920. Paris: A. Challamel Vol. 2 493 pp. [163-164] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Lenko, K. & Papavero, N. (1996). Insetos no folclore. São Paulo: Plêiade, FAPESP 2nd Edn 1-468 pp. [263, 267, 268-269] (as Trigona ruficrus and Trigona spinipes, folk names: "arapica", "arapu", "arapuá", "irapuá", "irapuã", nesting site: exposed, nest characteristics, honey, nest medicinal uses, toxic effect of nest, etymology, citation)
Lenzi, M., Orth, A.I. & Laroca, S. (2003). Associação das abelhas silvestres (Hym., Apoidea) visitantes das flores de Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae), na ilha de Santa Catarina (sul do Brasil). Acta Biológica Paranaense 32 (1,2,3,4): 107-127 [112] (Distribution record)
Lepeletier, A. L. (1825). Trigone pp. 709-711 in Latreille, P. A. (ed.) Encyclopédie méthodologique. Histoire naturelle, Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des crustacés,des arachnides et des insectes, ["Par"-"Zyg"] Vol. 10. Paris: Agasse . pp. [710] (as Trigona ruficrus, taxonomic note)
Lepeletier, A. L. M. (1836). Histoire Naturelle des Insectes- Hyménoptères. Paris: Roret Vol. 1 1-547 pp. [426] (as Melipona ruficrus, diagnosis)
Liebl, F.T., Dec, E. & Mouga. D.M.D.S. (2019). Diversidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) em mata de araucária em Santa Catarina. Acta Biol. Catarinense 6 (1): 20-37 [24] (Distribution record)
Lima, F.V.O. & Silvestre, R. (2017). Abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apidae sensu lato) do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 107 (supl.): 1-14 [8] (Distribution record)
Lima-Verde, L.M., Pacheco-Filho, A.J.S. & Freitas, B.M. (2020). Stingless bee (Apidae, Meliponini) guilds occurring in the immediate edges of forest fragments of the Baturité Massif, State of Ceará, Brazil. An. Acad. Bras. Cienc. (Rio de Janeiro) 92 (2): 1-13 [4] (Distribution record)
Lindauer, M. & Kerr, W. E. (1958). Die gegenseitige verständigung bei den stachellosen bienen. Z. Vgl. Physiol. 41: 405-434 [408, 409, 410, 417, 418, 419, 420, 428, 429, 430] (as Trigona ruficrus, behavior, communication, scent trail, mandibular secretion, recruitment, nest population)
Lindauer, M. & Kerr, W. E. (1960). Communication between the workers of stingless bees. Bee World 41: 29-41, 65-71 [31, 32, 33, 34, 66, 67, 68, 69] (as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, nest population, behavior, communication, recruitment, scent-trail, mandibular secretion)
Lisboa, L. C. O., Serrão, J. E., Cruz-Landim, C. & Campos, L. A. O. (2005). Effect of larval food amount on ovariole development in queens of Trigona spinipes (Hymenoptera, Apinae). Anat. Histol. Embryol. 34: 179-184 [179-184] (geographic record, ovariole development, larval food, figures)
Locatelli, E., Machado, I.C. & Medeiros, P. (2004). Riqueza de abelhas e a flora apícola em um fragmento da mata serrana (brejo de altitude) em Pernambuco, Nordeste do Brasil pp. 152-177 in Porto, K.C., Cabral, J.J.P. & Tabarelli, M. (ed.) Brejos de altitude em Pernambuco e Paraíba: história natural, ecologia e conservação. Brasília: Ministério do Meio Ambiente 324 pp. [157] (Distribution record)
Lopes, A. V. & Machado, I. C. (1998). Floral biology and reproductive ecology of Clusia nemorosa (Clusiaceae) in northeastern Brazil. Plant Systematics and Evolution 213: 71-90 [78, 79, 82, 83, 84] (geographic records, body size, resin collecting: Clusia nemorosa, C. fluminensis, C. lanceolata - citation, C. hilariana, C. paralicola (Clusiaceae), behavior, occasional pollination)
Lorenzon, M. C. A. (1992). Polinização entomófila em Allium cepa L. para a produção de sementes híbridas. [dissertation abstract] pp. 247-248 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [248] (flower record: Allium cepa, competition)
Lorenzon, M. C. A., Martinho, M. R., Freire, J. A. H. & Reis, F. P. (1993). Comportamento de Apis mellifera L. na florada da cebola híbrida (Allium cepa L.). Rev. Ceres 40 (232): 534-542 [536, 537, 539] (as Trigona spinipes and Trigona spiripes [sic], pollination: Allium cepa, geographic record)
Lorenzon, M. C. A. & Matrangolo, C. A. R. (2005). Foraging on some nonfloral resources by stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponini) in a caatinga region. Braz. Journ. Biol. 65 (2): 291-298 [292, 294, 295] (geographic record, excrements collecting, nonfloral resources, flesh, sweat, flower records: Cardiospermum corindum, Byrsonima sp., oil collecting [!], citation)
Lorenzon, M. C. A., Matrangolo, C. A. R. & Schoereder, J. H. (2003). Flora visitada pelas abelhas eussociais (Hymenoptera, Apidae) na Serra da Capivara, em caatinga do sul do Piauí. Neotropical Entomology 32 (1): 27-36 [29, 30, 31, 32] (geographic record, flower records: Loxopterygium gardnerii (Amaranthaceae), Allamanda sp. (Apocynaceae), Cavanillesia arbórea [sic] (Bombacaceae), Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae), Combretum mellifuum (Combretaceae), Manihot caerulescens, Ptederum abruptus (Euphorbiaceae), Iris sp (Iridaceae), Chamaecrista desvauxii, Senna lenhriosperma, Hymenae eriogyne, Boccoa mollis (Leguminosae), Cratylia mollis (Fabaceae), Mimosa spp., Parkia platycephala (Mimosaceae), Heterpoterys [sic] sp. (Malpighiaceae), Pseudomalachra sp. (Malvaceae), Oxalis sp. (Oxalidaceae), Passiflora faetida [sic] (Passifloraceae), Richardia sp. (Rubiaceae), Cardiospermum corindum (Sapindaceae), Waltheria sp. (Sterculiaceae), Vellozia cinerascens (Velloziaceae), relative abundance)
Lutz, F. E. (1924). Some characters of American Meliponidae pp. 202-232 in Lutz, F. E. Apparently non-selective characters and combinations of characters, including a study of ultraviolet in relation to the flower visiting habits of insects. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 29: 181–283 [205, 207, 210, 216] (as Trigona ruficrus, morphology, taxonomic characters, mouthparts, mandible, hind tibia, figures: mandible)
Lutz, F. E. & Cockerell, T. D. A (1920). Notes on distribution and bibliography of North American bees of the families Apidae, Meliponidae, Bombidae, Euglossidae, and Anthophoridae. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 42: 491-641 [500-501] (as Trigona ruficrus, partim: except Guatemala, geographic records, citation; as Trigona ruficrus corvina, partim: British Guiana, geographic record, citation)
Machado, I. C. S. (1992). Biologia floral de espécies de caatinga no município de Alagoinha (PE). [thesis abstract] pp. 255-257 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [256, 247] (geographic record, pollination, relative abundance, foraging behavior)
Machado, J. O. (1971). Simbiose entre as abelhas sociais brasileiras (Meliponinae, Apidae) e uma espécie de bactéria. Ciência e Cultura 23 (5): 625-633 [629, 630] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, associate: bacteria)
Machado, M. F. P. S. & Contel, E. P. B. (1991). Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isozyme variation in adult meliponids (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Biochem. Genetics 29 (11/12): 593–600 [594, 596, 598] (biochemistry, isozymes)
Macieira, O. J. D. (1992). Toxicidade de inseticidas e efeitos sobre o metabolismo respiratório de Trigona spinipes (Fabr., 1793) (Hymenoptera, Apidae). [dissertation abstract] pp. 257-259 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [257-259] (inseticide toxicity, respiratory metabolism)
Maidl, F. (1934). Die Lebensgewohnheiten und Instinkte der Staatenbildenden Insekten. Vienna: Wagner ix + 823 pp. [164,177, 191, 316, 318, 568, 571, 572, 576,577, 581, 583,589] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 260], figures 78, 79)
Malagodi-Braga, K. S. (2004). Abelhas-sem-ferrão e polinização. Rev. Tecnologia e Ambiente 10 (2): 59-70 [62] (pollination, greenhouse)
Malagodi-Braga, K. S., Kleinert, A. M. P. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V.L. (2000). Stingless bees: greenhouse pollination and meliponiculture pp. 145-150 in Bitondi, M. M. G., Hartfelder, K. et al. (ed.) IV Encontro sobre abelhas: Anais. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, USP xxix+363 pp. [145, 146] (foraging, pollination: Nymphaea ampla (Nymphaeaceae), strawberry, citation)
Malagodi-Braga, K.S., Moriconi, W., Queiroga, J.L., Urchei, M.A., Pazianotto, R.A.A. & Roncon, K. (2019). Active phloem sap collection by Trigona spinipes (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in Artemisia annua Linn (Asteraceae). Acta Sci. Biol. Sci. 41: 1-6 (Distribution record)
Malerbo, D. T. S. (1992). Polinização entomófila em 3 variedades de laranja (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck). [dissertation abstract] pp. 266-268 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [267] (pollination: Citrus sinensis, geographic record)
Margatto, C. & Gonçalves, R.B. (2017). Different sampling intervals for bowl trapping survey of Aculeata (Hymenoptera) in a semidecidual seasonal forest fragmente. Acta Biol. Catarinense 4 (1): 5-12 [9] (Distribution record)
Marianno, J. (1910). Sobre os meios naturaes de defesa das abelhas sem ferrão. Chácaras e Quintais 2 (1): 8-10 [8] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948])
Marianno, J. (1910). A Trigona ruficrus Latr. (Irapoan). Seus estragos e meios de destruíl-a [sic]. Chácaras e Quintais 1 (1): 18-21 [18-21] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948], foraging behavior, damaging: Ficus carica, orange tree, orchid)
Marianno, J. (1911). Ensaio sobre as Meliponidas do Brasil.. Rio de Janeiro: edição do autor 1-140 pp. [8,13,21, 24,25,32, 39,40,44-45, 50,51,53, 117,124-129, 136] (as Trigona luteipes, diagnosis [transcription from Smith, 1854]; as Trigona ruficrus, geographic range, morphology, nest characteristics, pillage, foraging behavior, nest defense, folk names: "arapuá", "irapuan", description, nesting site: on branches of trees: Urticaceae, Anacardiaceae, nest weight, bovine excrements visiting, geographic record, flower records: Leguminosae, Melastomataceae, resin collecting: Euphorbia spec. (Euphorbiaceae), Papaveraceae, Terebinthaceae, Urticaceae, damaging: Ficus carica, Citrus, pollination: Musa paradisiaca (Musaceae), defense behavior, comparative note)
Marques, A. (1928). Cigarrinha nociva a várias espécies de vegetais. Bol. Inst. biol. Def. agricola 6: 1-27 [19] (mutualism: Aethalion reticulatum)
Marques-Souza, A. C., Miranda, I. P. A., Moura, C. O. & Barbosa, E. M. (2002). Características morfológicas e bioquímicas do pólen coletado por cinco espécies de meliponíneos da Amazônia Central. Acta Amazonica 32 (2): 217-229 [225] (pollen load, grain size, citation)
Martin, L. (1930). Les melipones tropicales du Brésil. La Nature 2826: 97-100 [97] (as Trigona Truficus [sic; * from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
Martins, C. F. (1992). Estrutura da comunidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) na caatinga (Casa Nova, BA) e na Chapada Diamantina (Lençóis, BA). [thesis abstract] pp. 278-280 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [278, 279] (geographic records, habitat, community structure, relative abundance, phenology)
Martins, C. F. (1994). Comunidade de abelhas (Hym., Apoidea) da caatinga e do cerrado com elementos de campo rupestre do estado da Bahia, Brasil. Rev. Nordestina Biol. 9 (2): 225-257 [231, 235, 244, 245, 247, 249, 250, 253] (geographic record, relative abundance, mud collecting, flower record: Astronium urundeuva, Cajanus cajan, Musa sapientum, thermoregulation - citation, phenology)
Martins, C. F. (1995). Flora apícola e nichos tróficos de abelhas (Hym., Apoidea) na Chapada Diamantina (Lençóis-BA, Brasil). Rev. Nordestina Biol. 10 (2): 119-140 [125, 126, 129, 133, 134, 135, 135, 136] (geographic record, flower record: Cajanus cajan (Leguminosae), Mimosa pudica, Calliandra angusta (Mimosoideae), Musa sapientum (Musaceae), Merremia sp. (Convolvulaceae), Vellozia dasypus (Velloziaceae), relative abundance, trophic niche, dendrogram)
Martins, C. F. (2002). Diversity of the bee fauna of the Brazilian caatinga pp. 131-134 in Kevan, P. G. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (ed.) Pollinating bees: the conservation link between agriculture and nature. Brasília: Ministry of environment 313 pp. [132, 133] (habitat, geographic records, citation)
Melo, C. G., Alves, E. U., Lorenzon, M. C. A. & Baptista, J. L. (1997). Polinizadores de Malpighia glabra L. Mensagem Doce 42: 14-17 [14, 15, 16, 17] (as Trigona trigona [sic] spinipes, flower record: Malpighia glabra (Malpighiaceae), pollination [?], relative abundance, phenology)
Michener, C. D. (1961). Observations on the nests and behavior of Trigona in Australia and New Guinea (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Am. Mus. Novit. 2026: 1-46 [42] (as Trigona ruficrus, behavior, aggressiveness)
Michener, C. D. (1974). The social behavior of the bees. Cambridge: Belknap Press, Harvard University Press 404+xii pp. [57, 153, 157, 206, 214, 331, 334] (as Trigona spinipes, nest population, communication, flight range, thermoregulation, exposed nest, nest characteristics, defense behavior, citation)
Michener, C. D. (1990). Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera). Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 54 (4): 75-164 [104] (as Trigona s. str. (spinipes group), comparative note)
Michener, C. D. (2000). The bees of the World. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press 913 pp. [786] (as Trigona s. str. (spinipes group), comparative note)
Michener, C. D. & Roubik, D. W. (1993). Observations on the labium of meliponine bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) pp. 251-265 in Inoue, T. & Yamane, S. (ed.) Evolution of insect societies: Comparative sociology of bees, wasps and ants. Tokyo: Hakuhin-sha Publishing Co. [260] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, morphology, labium)
Michener, C. D., Winston, M. L. & Jander, R. (1978). Pollen manipulation and related activities and structures in bees of the family Apidae. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 51 (19): 575-601 [578, 590] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, pollen foraging behavior, flower record: Tibouchina spp. (Melastomataceae), citation)
Mira, V.O. & Mouga, D.M.D.S. (2020). Diversidade de abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) em floresta ombrófila mista em Santa Catarina, Brasil. Acta Biol. Catarinense 7 (2): 128-147 [132] (Distribution record)
Müller, F. (1875). Poey's Beobachtungen über die Naturgeschichte der Honigbiene von Cuba, Melipona fulvipes, Guér. Zool. Garten 16 (8): 291-297 [294] (as Trigona ruficrus, nesting site: branches of trees)
Müller, F. (1921). [articles] pp. 150-418 in Möller, A. (ed.) Fritz Müller - Werke, Briefe und Leben. (gesammelt und herausgegeben von Dr. Alfred Möller). Vol. 2 Briefe und noch nicht veröffentlichte Abhandlungen aus dem Nachlass 1854-1897. Vol. 2. Jena: Verlag Gustav Fischer 418 pp., 239 figures + 4 plates pp. [161, 214, 223, 227, 228, 231, 232, 236, 238, 240, 246, 258,] (259, 297, 298, 299, 300, 302, 303, 305, 306, 320, 418, 422; as Trigona ruficrus, folk name: arapuá, foraging behavior, resin collecting: Cassia multijuga, Euphorbia splendens ?, nesting site: tree hollows [!, error], exposed on trees: "arariba", nest characteristics, figure, flower record: banana, Asclepias curassavica, Abutilon Hildebrandi [sic], maize, Buddleya, Bunchosia gaudichaudiana, Commelyna cypella, Dalia, Dyckia, Lonicera, Musa, Passiflora sp., Pereskia, Polymnia edulis, Pontederia, Salvia spp., Sicyos, Sida carpinifolia, S. rhombifolia, Trianospermum, Verbascum, damaging: orange tree, morphology: hind tibia, nectar foraging behavior, calyx perforation, diagnosis, odor, aggressive behavior, royal cells, wax, wing venation, key; ? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthea, nesting site: exposed on tree branches)
Müller, H. (1875). Stachellose brasilianische Honigbienen zur Einführung in zoologischen Gärten empfohlen. Zool. Garten 16 (2): 41-55 [43] (as Trigona ruficrus, defense behavior)
Monteiro, D. & Ramalho, M. (2010). Abelhas Generalistas (Meliponina) e o Sucesso Reprodutivo de Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (Fabales: Mimosaceae) com Florada em Massa na Mata Atlântica, BA. Neotropical Entomology 39 (4): 519-526 [522] (Distribution record)
Mota, M. H. V. B. (1992). Estudo comparativo das glândulas epidérmicas do abdômen dos meliponíneos (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). [thesis abstract] pp. 320-322 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [320, 321] (epidermal glands)
Mouga, D. M. D. S. (1992). Atividade de coleta de Paratrigona subnuda (Moure) (Apidae, Meliponinae). [dissertation abstract] pp. 322-324 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [323, 324] (trophic niche)
Mouga, D.M.D.S., Nogueira-Neto, P., Warkentin, M., Feretti, V. & Dec, E. (2015). Comunidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apidae) e plantas associadas em área de mata atlântica em São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Acta Biol. Catarinense 2 (1): 12-31 [15] (Distribution record)
Moure, J. S. (1944). Apoidea da coleção do Conde Amadeu A. Barbiellini (Hym. Apoidea). Rev. Entomol. 15 (1-2): 1-18 [1] (as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, geographic record)
Moure, J. S. (1944). Abelhas de Monte Alegre (Est. S. Paulo) (Hym. - Apoidea). Pap. Avulsos Zool. (São Paulo) 6 (10): 103-126 [104] (as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, geographic record, altitudinal record)
Moure, J. S. (1950). Contribuição para o conhecimento das espécies brasileiras de Hypotrigona Cockerell (Hymen., Apoidea). Dusenia 1 (4): 241-260 [259] (as Trigona ruficrus, taxonomic note)
Moure, J. S. (1960). Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 3 (1-4): 97-160 [155] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, synonymy, lectotype designation, taxonomic notes)
Moure, J. S., P. Nogueira-Neto & W. E. Kerr (1958). Evolutionary problems among Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Proc. Tenth. Intern. Congr. Ent. 2: 481-493 [482, 483] (geographic record, nesting site: exposed on branches of Araucaria, nest characteristics, nest density)
Moure, J. S. & S. F. Sakagami (1962). As mamangabas sociais do Brasil (Bombus Latreille) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 5 (1-4): 65-194 [181] (damaging: citric plants)
Nates-Parra, G. (2001). Las abejas sin aguijón (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2 (3): 233-248 [241] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes [error, does not exist in Colombia])
Neves, C. A., Gitirana, L. B. & Serrão, J. E. (2003). Ultrastructure of the midgut endocrine cells in Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Braz. Journ. Biol. 63 (4): 683-690 [684, 689] (histology, midgut, endocrine cells, citation)
Neves, E. L. & Viana, B. F. (2002). As abelhas eussociais (Hymenoptera, Apidae) visitantes florais em um ecossistema de dunas continentais no médio Rio São Francisco, Bahia, Brasil. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 46 (4): 571-578 [573, 574, 575, 576] (geographic record, habitat, relative abundance, phenology, daily activity, nesting sites: aerial on Copaifera luetzelburgii (Caesalpiniaceae), Pseudobombax sp., nest population, foraging range, communication)
Nieh, J. C. (2004). Recruitment communication in stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini). Apidologie 35: 159-182 [162, 163, 166, 167, 168] (behavior, communication, flight range, aggressiveness, odor marks, recruitment, mandibular gland secretion, artificial trail, citation)
Nieh, J. C., Barreto, L. S., Contrera, F. A. L. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. I. (2004). Olfactory eavesdropping by a competitively foraging stingless bee, Trigona spinipes. Proc. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. Ser. B 271: 1633-1640 [1634, 1635, 1636, 1637, 1638] (foraging behavior, competition, communication, training, odor marks, flight orientation, citation)
Nieh, J. C., Contrera, F. A. L., Yoon, R. R., Barreto, L. S. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (2004). Polarized short odor-trail recruitment communication by a stingless bee, Trigona spinipes. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 56: 435-448 [436, 438, 439, 441, 443, 444, 445, 446] (behavior, communication, odor trail, recruitment)
Nieh, J. C. & Roubik, D. W. (1995). A stingless bee (Melipona panamica) indicates food location without using a scent trail. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 37: 63-70 [64] (behavior, communication, buzzing, zig-zag running, trail marks pheromone, citation)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1954). Notas bionômicas sôbre Meliponíneos III- Sôbre a enxameagem (Hymenoptera- Apoidea). Arquivos do Museu Nacional 42: 419-452 [422, 424, 440, 442, 443] (as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, swarming, citation, behavior, pillage: Melipona scutellaris)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1962). The scutellum nest structure of Trigona (Trigona) spinipes Fab. (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. N. Y. Entomol. Soc. 70: 239-264 [239-264] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, folk names: "arapuá", "irapuá", geographic range, citation, nesting sites: external, on branches of trees: Cariniana estrellensis, behavior, flowers damaging, geographic records, nest characteristics, scutellum, aggressiveness, inquiline: Acari, nest material, vegetal fibers, sand grains, crystals, excrements, clay, thermoregulation)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1966). Fritz Müller e as abelhas brasileiras. Ciência e Cultura 18 (4): 379-381 [381] (folk name: "arapuá", synonymy, crop damaging: orange tree, nesting site: exposed on tree, citation)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1970). A criação de abelhas indígenas sem ferrão (Meliponinae). São Paulo: Tecnapis 2nd Edn 1-365 pp. [31, 32, 35, 37, 47, 57, 62, 219, 285] (as Trigona ruficrus, Melipona ruficrus ruficrus, Trigona spinipes and Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, folk names: "arapica", "irapuá", "arapú", "arapuã", "arapuá", "arapuca", "abelha cachorro", "abelha de cachorro", nest, scutellum, domestication, behavior, pillage, citation)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1997). Vida e criação de abelhas indígenas sem ferrão. São Paulo: Editora Nogueirapis 1-446 pp. [37, 41, 45, 58, 189, 246, 250, 260, 261, 287, 316, 322,323,] (325, 355, 356, 397; folk name: "irapuá", "arapuá", exposed nest, wax, nest, scutellum, aggressiveness, floral oil collecting, mutualism: Aethalion reticulatum in Cajanus indicus, excrements collecting, citation, cerumen, propolis, toxic honey, toxic pollen [?, from "orobó", folk name], toxic flowers: Ochroma lagopus, Spathodea campanulata, Hexachlamys edulis (Myrtaceae), behavior, pillage)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (2002). Management of plants to maintain and study pollinating bee species, and also to protect vertebrate frugivorous fauna pp. 21-28 in Kevan, P. G. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (ed.) Pollinating bees: the conservation link between agriculture and nature. Brasília: Ministry of environment 313 pp. [23, 24] (flower records: Euphorbia milii, Lagerstroemia indica, nectar, pollen foraging)
Noll, F. B., Zucchi, R., Jorge, J. A. & Mateus, S. (1996). Food collection and maturation in the necrophagous stingless bees, Trigona hypogea (Hymenoptera: Meliponinae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 69 (4): 287-293 [289] (extrafloral nectary foraging: Inga fagifolia (Mimosaceae))
Oliveira, P. E. A. M. (1998). Abelhas e a polinização de plantas de cerrado pp. 67-74 in Simões, Z. L. P., Soares, A. E. E., Bitondi, M. M. G., Camillo, E., Garófalo, C. A. & Gonçalves, L. S. (ed.) Anais do III Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto xx+295 pp. [72] (geographic record, habitat, pollination: Syagrus comosa, S. flexuosa (Palmae))
Orth, A. I. (1992). Estudo ecológico de abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) em Caçador; SC, com ênfase em polinizadores potenciais da macieira (Pyrus malus L.) (Rosaceae). [dissertation abstract] pp. 346-348 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [347, 348] (geographic record, flower record: Pyrus malus (Rosaceae), relative abundance)
Ortolan, S. M. L. S. (1992). Biocenótica em Apoidea (Hymenoptera) de áreas de cultivo de macieira (Pyrus malus) em Lages, Santa Catarina, com notas comparativas e experimento preliminar de polinização com Plebeia emerina F. [dissertation abstract] pp. 348-350 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [349, 350] (geographic record, flower record: Pyrus malus (Rosaceae), relative abundance)
Papavero, N. (1999). The bicentennial of publication of Vicente Coelho de Seabra da Silva Telles' Memoir on Brazilian bees and wasps. Contrib. Avulsas sobre Hist. Nat. Bras., Sér.Hist.Hist. Nat. 4: 1-6 [2, 3, 5] (as "Arapuá", diagnosis, nesting site: on branches of trees, nest characteristics, honey, wax, citation)
Papavero, N. (1999). A "Memoria Acêrca das Abêlhas da Provincia do Piauhí, no Imperio do Brazil" de Leonardo da Senhora das Dores Castello-Branco, (1942), segundo o autógrafo do autor no Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro, Rio de Janeiro. I. Introdução e texto. Contrib. Avulsas sobre Hist. Nat. Bras., Sér.Hist.Hist. Nat. 3: 1-10 [3, 9] (? uncertain identity, as "Xupé-pequeno", nest characteristics, honey, aggressiveness, honey hunting, citation)
Papavero, N. & Teixeira, D. M. (2000). José Martins Pereira de Alencastre e a fauna do Piauí em 1855, em especial as abelhas. Contrib. Avulsas sobre Hist. Nat. Bras., Sér.Hist.Hist. Nat. 26: 1-5 [2, 3, 4] (as "Chupé pequeno", diagnosis, aggressive behavior, honey, citation)
Paz, J.L.R., Santana, C.C., Silva, W.P., Abreu, M.C. & Pigozzo, C.M. (2016). Guilda de visitantes de nectários extraflorais de Ipomoea carnea subsp. Fistulosa (Convolvulaceae) em uma área de semiárido antropizado da Bahia, Brasil. Acta Biol. Paranaense (Curitiba) 45 (1-2): 21-51 [27] (Distribution record)
Peckolt, T. (1893). Ueber brasilianische Bienen. Natur 42: 579-581 [580] (as Trigona ruficrus, folk name: "arapuá", "abelha de cachorro")
Peckolt, T. (1894). Ueber brasilianische Bienen. Natur 43: 87-91, 223-225, 233-234 [88, 223-224] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona ruficrus and Trigona ruficras [sic], folk names: "abelha-de-cachorro", "arapuá", "urapuca", nesting site: on trees, under roofs, hollows trees [?], beams [?], branch of Mangifera indica, swarming, honey, defense behavior)
Pedro, S. R. M. (1994). Interações entre abelhas e flores em uma área de cerrado no NE do estado de São Paulo: abelhas coletoras de óleo (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae) pp. 243-256 in Zucchi, R., Drumond, P. M., Fernandes-da-Silva, P. G. & Augusto, S. C. (ed.) Anais do I Encontro sobre Abelhas de Ribeirão Preto. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo xx+308 pp. [253] (geographic records, flower records: Banisteropsis laevifolia, Banisteriopsis sp., Byrsonima intermedia, Heteropterys byrsonimifolia, Mascagnia cordifolia, Tetrapterys sp. (Malpighiaceae))
Pedro, S. R. M. (1996). Lista preliminar das espécies de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) que ocorrem na região de Ribeirão Preto e Cajuru, SP pp. 248-258 in Garófalo, C. A., Soares, A. E. E., Paulino-Simões, Z. L. & Camillo, E. (ed.) Anais do II Encontro Sobre Abelhas Vol. 2. Ribeirão Preto: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto xxii+351 pp. [250] (list)
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Pedro, S. R. M. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1999). Apoidea apiformes pp. 193-211 in Brandão, C. R. F. & E. M. Cancello (ed.) Biodiversidade do Estado de São Paulo. Invertebrados Terrestres Vol. 5. São Paulo: Fapesp [201] (list)
Pedro, S. R. M. & Camargo, J. M. F. (2003). Meliponini neotropicais: o gênero Partamona Schwarz, 1939 (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 47 (Supl. 1): 1-117 [22] (as Trigona sipinipes, synonymy, comparative note, citation)
Penati, F. & Mariotti, A. (2015). Catalog of Hymenoptera described by Giovanni Gribodo (1846-1924) (Insecta). Zootaxa 3929 (1): 1-183 [38] (Catalog (as Trigona ruficrus concolor))
Perty, J. A. M. (1833). De insectorum in America meridionali habitantium vitae genere, moribus ac distributione geographica observationes nonnullae pp. 25-29 in Spix, J. B. & Martius, C. F. P. (ed.) Delectus animalium articulatorum, quae in itinere per Brasiliam annis 1817 et 1820. Munich: . . pp. [26] (as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Phisalix, M. (1922). Animaux venimeux et venins. Paris: . Vol. 1 359, 423, 428-429, figure 175 pp. [428] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
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Polatto, L.P. & Alves, V.V., Jr (2020). Bee species (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) in a Cerrado-Atlantic Forest ecotone: nesting habits related to foraging activity in a degraded forest fragment. EntomoBrasilis 13: 1-5 [4] (Distribution record)
Posey, D. A. (1983). Keeping of stingless bees by the Kayapó indians of Brazil. J. Ethnobiol. 3 (1): 63-73 [67, 71] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes and Trigona spinnipes [sic], ethnobiology, Kayapó indians, folk name: "mehñykamrek", wax uses, honey, larvae, pupae, pollen uses, toxic wax, list, geographic record)
Posey, D. A. (1986). Etnoentomologia de tribos indígenas da Amazônia [in large part translation of Posey & Camargo, 1985] pp. 251-271 in Ribeiro, D. (ed.), Ribeiro, B. G. (coord.) (ed.) Suma Etnológica Brasileira, 1 Etnobiologia. Petrópolis: Ed. Vozes / FINEP 302 pp. [258] (ethnobiology, Kayapó indians, folk name: "mehñykamrek", wax uses, wax toxic effects, pollen, larva, pupa)
Possamai, B.T, Dec, E. & Mouga, D.M.D.S. (2017). Bee community and trophic resources in Joinville, Santa Catarina. Acta Biol. Catarinense 4 (1): 29-41 [32] (Distribution record)
Prance, G. T. & Anderson, A. B. (1976). Studies on the floral biology of neotropical Nymphaeaceae. 3. Acta Amazonica 6: 163-170 [163-170] (? uncertain identity [*from Heard, 1999: 186])
Proni, E. A. & Macieira, O. J. D. (2004). Ritmo circadiano da taxa respiratória de Tetragonisca angustula fiebrigi (Schwarz), T. a. angustula (Latreille) e Trigona spinipes (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Rev. Bras. Zool. 21 (4): 987-993 [987, 988, 989, 990, 991] (geographic record, folk name: "irapuá", respiratory metabolism)
Ramalho, M. (1990). Foraging by stingless bees of the genus, Scaptotrigona (Apidae, Meliponinae). J. Apic. Res. 29 (2): 61-67 [65, 66] (floral sources, flower records: Liliaceae, Palmae)
Ramalho, M. (2004). Stingless bees and mass flowering trees in the canopy of Atlantic Forest: a tight relationship. Acta bot. bras. 18 (1): 37-47 [39, 40, 41, 42] (habitat, stratum preference, relative abundance, flower records: Baccharis anomala, Vernonia diffusa (Asteraceae), Croton floribundus, C. macrobothrys (Euphorbiaceae), Machaerium nictitans (Fabaceae), Casearia sylvestris (Flacourtiaceae), Ocotea puberula (Lauraceae), Myrcia tomentosa (Myrtaceae), Matayba elaeagnoides (Sapindaceae))
Ramalho, M., Giannini, T. C., Malagodi-Braga, K. S. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (1994). Pollen harvest by stingless bee foragers (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Grana 33: 239-244 [239, 240, 243] (pollen loads, colony size, aggressive foraging behavior, citation)
Ramalho, M., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. & Kleinert-Giovannini, A. (1991). Ecologia nutricional de abelhas sociais pp. 225-252 in Panizzi, A. R. & Parra, J. R. P. (ed.) Ecologia nutricional de insetos e suas implicações no manejo de pragas. São Paulo: Editora Manole Ltda. / CNPq 359 pp. [230, 232, 234, 237, 239, 242] (aggressive foraging behavior, pollen foraging: Tipuana speciosa, pollen spectrum, nest size, citation; as Trigona ruficrus, necrophagy, citation)
Ramalho, M., Kleinert-Giovannini, A. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (1990). Important bee plants for stingless bees (Melipona and Trigonini) and Africanized honeybees (Apis mellifera) in neotropical habitats: a review. Apidologie 21: 469-488 [471, 472, 473] (geographic records, habitat, pollen citation)
Ramalho, M. & Silva, M. (2002). Relação Centridini-flora oleífera: influência sobre a diversidade em uma comunidade tropical pp. 122-128 in Garófalo, C. A., Freitas, G., et al. (ed.) V Encontro sobre abelhas: Anais. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Biologia xxv+335 pp. [123] (geographic record, habitat, pollen foraging, flower record: Byrsonima sericea (Malpighiaceae))
Raveret-Wattel, C. (1875). Rapport sur les mélipones. Bull. Soc. Imp. Zool. Acclim. 22: 732-759 [737, 738, 740] (as "Arapuá" [* from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Rebêlo, J. M. M., Rêgo, M. M. C. & Albuquerque, P. M. C. (2003). Abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) da região setentrional do Estado do Maranhão, Brasil pp. 265-278 in Melo, G. A. R. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (ed.) Apoidea Neotropica: Homenagem aos 90 anos de Jesus Santiago Moure. Criciúma: Editora UNESC 320 pp. [268, 273] (geographic range, geographic records, habitat, relative abundance, citation)
Renner, S. (1983). The widespread occurrence of anther destruction by Trigona bees in Melastomataceae. Biotropica 15 (4): 251-256 [253, 255] (as Trigona spinipes and Trigona (Spinipes) [sic] spinipes, flower record: Melastomataceae [!], culture damaging: Citrus, pollen foraging behavior, citation)
Rocha, M. P., Pompolo, S. G. & Campos, L. A. O. (2003). Citogenética da tribo Meliponini (Hymenoptera, Apidae) pp. 311-320 in Melo, G. A. R. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (ed.) Apoidea Neotropica: Homenagem aos 90 anos de Jesus Santiago Moure. Criciúma: Editora UNESC 320 pp. [312, 313, 317] (cytogenetics, chromosomes number (n=17, 2n=34), karyotype, figure, citation)
Roel, A.R., Peruca, R.D., Lima, F.V.O., Cheung, K.C., Araujo Neto, A., Silva, L.V. & Soares, S. (2019). Diversity of Meliponini and anothers [sic] Apiformes (Apidae sensu lato) in a Cerrado fragment and its surrounding, Campo Grande, MS. Biota Neotropica 19 (2): 1-5 [2] (Distribution record)
Rothschild, J. (1878). Musée entomologique illustré, histoire naturelle iconographique des insectes. Publiée par une réunion d´entomologistes français et étrangers sous la direction de J. Rothschild. Paris: . Vol. 3 120-121, figures 99-100 pp. [121, figure 100] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Roubik, D. W. (1979). Nest and colony characteristics of stingless bees from French Guiana (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 52 (3): 443-470 [465] (nest, comparative notes)
Roubik, D. W. (1989). Ecology and natural history of tropical bees. New York: Cambridge University Press 1-514 +x pp. [54, 109, 153, 154, 156, 182] (oil collecting, nest population, foraging behavior, pollen, nectar illegitimate remotion, flower record: Tibouchina, Citrus, nest temperature, citation)
Roubik, D. W. (1990). Nesting and defence in tropical honeybees and stingless bees: you are what eats you? pp. 662-663 in Veeresh, G. K., Mallik, B. & Viraktamath, C. A. (ed.) Social insects and the environment: proceedings of the 11th international congress of IUSSI, Bangalore, India. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. xxxi+765 pp. [662] (nest population, citation)
Roubik, D. W. (1992). Loose niches in tropical communities: Why are there so few bees and so many trees? pp. 327-354 in Hunter, M. D., Ohgushi, T. & Price, P. W. (ed.) Effects of Resource Distribution on Animal-Plant Interactions. San Diego: Academic Press [345] (territory marking, aggressive foraging behavior)
Roubik, D. W. (1992). Stingless Bees: A guide to Panamanian and Mesoamerican species and their nests (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) pp. 495-524 in Quintero, D. & A. Aiello (ed.) Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica. Selected Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press 692 pp. [507] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, synonymy, geographic range, comparative note)
Roubik, D. W. & Aluja, M. (1983). Flight ranges of Melipona and Trigona in tropical forest. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 56 (2): 217-222 [221] (foraging range, citation)
Rudow, F. (1907). Einige Beobachtungen an Insektenbauten. Ent. Wochenblatt (Insekten-Börse) 24: 28, 30 [30] (as Melipona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948])
Rudow, F. (1914). Die Wohnungen der honigsammeiden Bienen Anthophilidae. Entomol. Z. 27 (41): 240-242 [240-241] (as Melipona rificrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 260], figure 8)
Sakagami, S. F. (1966). Techniques for the observation of behaviour and social organization of stingless bees by using a special hive. Papéis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo 19(12): 151-162 [152] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, geographic record, techniques, observation hive)
Sakagami, S. F. (1982). Stingless bees pp. 361-421 in Hermann, H. R. (ed.) Social Insects Vol. 3. New York: Academic Press [362, 364, 371, 372, 373] (nest population, thermoregulation, citation, figures: worker, nest, nest characteristics)
Sakagami, S. F., Beig, D. & Akahira,Y. (1964). Behavior studies of the stingless bees, with special reference to the oviposition process. III. Appearance of laying workers in a colony of Partamona (Partamona) testacea testacea (KLUG). Jpn. J. Ecol. 14 (2): 50-57 [55] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, worker ovary development, citation)
Sakagami, S. F., Beig, D., Zucchi, R. & Akahira, Y. (1963). Occurrence of ovary-developed workers in queenright colonies of stingless bees. Rev. Bras. Biol. 23 (2): 115-129 [116, 119, 120, 121, 124,] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, geographic record, worker ovary development, pollen content in digestive organs, hypopharyngeal glands)
Sakagami, S. F., Inoue, T., Yamane, S. & Salmah, S. (1983). Nest architecture and colony composition of the Sumatran stingless bee Trigona (Tetragonula) laeviceps. Kontyu 51 (1): 100-111 [110] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, thermoregulation, comparative notes, citation)
Sakagami, S. F., Inoue, T., Yamane, S. & Salmah, S. (1989). Nests of the myrmecophilous stingless bee, Trigona moorei: how do bees initiate their nest within an arboreal ant nest?. Biotropica 21 (3): 265-274 [269] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, queen cells)
Sakagami, S. F. & Ito, M. (1981). Specific and subgeneric variations in tibial corbiculation of male bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae), an apparently functionless character. Entomol. Scand. Suppl. 15: 365-376 [368, 373] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, corbicula, figure: hind tibia, worker queen)
Sakagami, S. F. & Laroca, S. (1971). Relative abundance, phenology and flower visits of apid bees in eastern Paraná, southern Brazil (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Kontyu 39 (3): 217-230 [218, 219, 220, 222, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, geographic records, relative abundance, aerial nest, phenology, community structure, flower records: Senecio oleosus, S. brasiliensis, Allophylus petiolatus, Cestrum corymbosum, Cassia laevigata, Myrcia larvotteana, Palicourea sp., Salvia paranaensis, Baccharis sp., Eryngium eburneum, Vernonia westiniana, Eupatorium sp., Compositae, Ulex europaeus (Leguminosae))
Sakagami, S. F., Roubik, D. W. & Zucchi, R. (1993). Ethology of the robber stingless bee, Lestrimelitta limao (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Sociobiology 21 (2): 237-277 [242, 243] (behavior, pillage, cerumen collecting, not raided by Lestrimelitta)
Sakagami, S. F.; S. Laroca & J. S. Moure (1967). Wild bee biocoenotics in São José dos Pinhais (PR), South Brazil. J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ. Ser. VI. Zool. 16 (2): 253-291 [257] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, geographic record, aerial nest, relative abundance)
Sakagami, S. F. & Zucchi, R. (1966). Estudo comparativo do comportamento de várias espécies de abelhas sem ferrão, com especial referência ao processo de aprovisionamento e postura de células. Ciência e Cultura 18(3): 283-296 [290] (worker ovary development, citation)
Sakagami, S. F. & Zucchi, R. (1974). Oviposition behavior of two dwarf stingless bees, Hypotrigona (Leurotrigona) muelleri and H. (Trigonisca) duckei, with notes on the temporal articulation of oviposition process in stingless bees. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Univer 19 (2): 361-421 [378, 379] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, nest temperature, thermoregulation)
Salt, G. (1929). A contribution to the ethology of the Meliponinae. Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 77 (2): 431-470 [453, 455, 461] (as Trigona ruficrus and Melipona ruficrus, inquiline: Nausibius clavicornis (Cucujidae), behavior, pillage, folk name: "irapuá", parasite: Pseudohypocera nigrofascipes (Phoridae, Diptera), predator: Tachypus gomesii (Sphecidae), citation)
Santos, E.J., Vieira, A.G.T., Oliveira, R.F., Teixeira, G.S.S., Oliveira, F.F. & Araújo, M.S.L.C. (2020). Abelhas (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) em uma área de Caatinga no estado de Pernambuco. Biodivers. 19 (3): 92-103 [96] (Distribution record)
Santos, F. M., Carvalho, C. A. L. & Silva, R. F. (2004). Diversidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) em uma área de transição (Cerrado-Amazônia). Acta Amazonica 34 (2): 310-328 [322, 325] (geographic records, relative abundance)
Santos, G. M. T., Machado. V. L. L. & Giannotti, E. (1993). Visitantes florais de Bauhinia variegata L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpiniaceae). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 37 (4): 737-750 [741, 742, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747, 748, 749] (relative abundance, geographic record, flower record: Bauhinia variegata (Caesalpiniaceae), phenology, daily activity, climatic factors, foraging behavior, flower damaging)
Santos, S.K.D. & Gimenes, M. (2016). The efficiency of bees in pollinating ephemeral flowers of Jacquemontia bracteosa (Convolvulaceae). Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 106: 1-6 [4] (Distribution record)
Sawaya, P. & Aguiar, M. L. (1960). Tinguí de Irapuã, tóxico para peixes. Ciência e Cultura 12 (2): 93-94 [93-94] (as Trigona ruficrus, nest characteristics, citation, nest material uses, toxic effects: killing of fishes)
Say, T. (1837). Descriptions of new species of North American Hymenoptera, and observations on some already described. Boston J. Nat. Hist. 1(4): 393-416 [415] (as Trigona ruficrus, comparative note)
Schlindwein, C. & Wittmann, D. (1997). Stamen movements in flowers of Opuntia (Cactaceae) favour oligolectic pollinators. Plant Syst. Evol. 204: 179-193 [184, 185, 186, 188, 190, 191] (geographic record, flower records: Opuntia brunneogemmia, O. viridirubra (Cactaceae), relative abundance, pollen foraging behavior)
Schmid, S., Kamke, R., Zillikens, A. & Steiner, J. (2011). Flower visitors of Aechmeanudicaulis (Bromeliaceae): species richness, visitation frequency, and interactions in different habitats of southern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 46 (2): 101-120 [104] (Distribution record)
Schrottky, C. (1901). Biologische Notizen solitärer Bienen von S. Paulo (Brasilien). Allg. Z. Entomol. 6: 209-216 [216] (as Trigona ruficrus, geographic record, leaf chewing: Solanum paniculatum)
Schrottky, C. (1914). Zur Nomenklatur einiger Hymenopteren. Dtsch. Entomol. Z. ?: 217-219 [218, 219] (as Trigona ruficrus, taxonomic notes, folk names: "Mbá-pý", "Carabozá", "Eirá-apuá", synonymy)
Schwartz Filho, D. & Laroca, S. (1999). A comunidade de abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) da Ilha das Cobras (Paraná, Brasil): aspectos ecológicos e biogeográficos. Acta Biol. Paranaense (Curitiba) 28 (1,2,3,4): 19-108 [52, 56, 66, 68, 78, 79] (geographic record, community structure, relative abundance, nest population, citation)
Schwarz, H. F. (1932). The genus Melipona the type genus of the Meliponidae or stingless bees. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 63 (4): 231-460 [231, 253, 256] (as Melipona citriperda, taxonomic note, citation; as Trigona ruficrus, phylogeny, figures)
Schwarz, H. F. (1938). The stingless bees (Meliponidae) of British Guiana and some related forms. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 74: 437-508 [plate 53, figures F,I] (as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, figures: hind tibia, male, worker)
Schwarz, H. F. (1944). The stingless bees. A paradox among the producers of honey. Nat. Hist. 53 (9): 414-417, 426 [417] (as Trigona ruficrus, figure: nest, nesting site: exposed, aggressiveness, honey, citation)
Schwarz, H. F. (1948). Stingless bees (Meliponidae) of the Western Hemisphere. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 90: xvii+546 [206, 259, 260, 266, 271] (as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus concolor, key, synonymy, taxonomic note, geographic record - citation; 22, 24, 25, 29, 34, 40, 53, 59, 60, 61, 71, 73, 74, 78, 83, 86, 91, 103, 105, 106, 107, 108, 115, 133, 142, 143, 198, 201, 203, 306, 207, 208, 214, 237, 238, 241, 249, 251, 259-271, 272, 273, 276, 277, 299, 312, 422, 451: as Trigona (Trigona) ruficrus, nest, royal cells, wax producing, swarming, honey, aggressiveness, exposed nest, defense, pillage, predator: Trachypus gomesii (Sphegidae, Hymenoptera), nectar foraging behavior, robbing, honeydew collecting: nymphs of Homoptera, plant damaging: orange tree, Hibiscus, Cajanus, Quassia, Persea gratissima, Annona squamosa, Schinus terebenthifolius, Solanum paniculatum, folk name: "arapuá", "irapuá", "arapoña", "arapica" "eira-apuá", "irapoan", "irapuan", "caraboshá", "carabozá", bovine excrement collecting, honey composition, nest uses: fishes poisoning, wax composition, nesting site: exposed attached to branches of trees, nest characteristics, pollination: banana, Jatropha multifida, flower records: Cassia sp., Cassia multijuga, Convolvulus, resin collecting: Euphorbiaceae, Papaveraceae, Terebinthaceae, Urticaceae, inquiline: Nausibius clavicornis (Coleoptera), citation, hamuli, comparative notes, key: worker, queen, male, taxonomic notes, synonymy, diagnosis, description: worker, queen, male, figures: mandible, hind tibia, male genitalia, notes on type, taxonomy, geographic range, geographic records)
Seabra, V. C. (1799). Memoria em que se dá noticia de diversas espécies de abelhas, que dão mel, proprias do Brasil, e desconhecidas na Europa. Memórias da Academia Real das Ciências de Lisboa 2: 99-104 [101, 104] (as "arapuá", diagnosis, nesting site: on branches of trees, nest characteristics, honey, wax)
Serrão, J. E. (2001). A comparative study of the proventricular structure in corbiculate apinae [sic] (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Micron. 32: 379-385 [380] (geographic record, morphology, proventriculus)
Serrão, J. E. & Cruz-Landim, C. (1996). Ultrastructure of midgut endocrine cells in workers of stingless bee (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 81: 151-156 [152, 153] (histology, midgut endocrine cells, figures)
Silva, A.S., Fernandes, N.S., Cavalcante, A.M., Lima, A.O.N. & Freitas, B.M. (2015). Florescimento induzido da jurema preta para fornecer pólen à abelha melífera na estiagem da Caatinga. Rev. Caatinga 28 (2): 197-206 [202] (Distribution record)
Silva de Moraes, R. L. M. (2002). Glândulas salivares do adulto pp. 51-70 in Cruz-Landim, C. & Abdalla, F. C. (ed.) Glândulas exócrinas das abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: FUNPEC - RP xii+181 pp. [65] (histology, figure: salivary gland)
Silva, F.F, & Carvalho, G.A. (2013). Espécies, número e frequência de visitantes florais em culturas agrícolas submetidas à aplicação de produtos fitossanitários. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, São Paulo 82: 1-7 [4] (Distribution record)
Silva, F.W.S., Leite, G.L.D., Guañabens, R.E.M., Sampaio, R.A., Gusmão, C.A.G., Serrão, J.E. & Zanuncio, J.C. (2015). Seasonal abundance and diversity of arthropods on Acacia mangium (Fabales: Fabaceae) trees as windbreaks in the cerrado. Fla. Entomol. 98 (1): 170-174 [171] (Distribution record)
Silva, K.N., Dutra, J.C.S., Nucci, M. & Polatto, L.P. (2013). Influência dos Fatores Ambientais e da Quantidade de Néctar na Atividade de Forrageio de Abelhas em Flores de Adenocalymma bracteatum (Cham.) DC. (Bignoniaceae). EntomoBrasilis 6 (3): 193-201 [196] (Distribution record)
Silveira, F. A. (1992). Abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) e suas fontes de alimento no cerrado da Estação Florestal de Experimentação de Paraopeba, Minas Gerais. [dissertation abstract] pp. 416-418 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [417] (geographic record, floral visiting)
Silveira, F. A. & Campos, M. J. O. (1995). A melissofauna de Corumbataí (SP) e Paraopeba (MG) e uma análise da biogeografia das abelhas do cerrado brasileiro (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 39 (2): 371-401 [373, 377, 379, 391] (geographic records, relative abundance)
Silveira, F. A. & Cure, J. R. (1993). High-altitude bee fauna of southeastern Brazil: Implications for biogeographic patterns (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 28: 47-55 [49, 50, 52] (geographic record, habitat, relative abundance, altitudinal records, distribution pattern)
Silveira, F. A., G. A. R. Melo & E. A. B. Almeida (2002). Abelhas Brasileiras: Sistemática e Identificação. Belo Horizonte: F. A. Silveira 253 pp. [92] (list, geographic range)
Silveira, F. A., Rocha, L. B., Cure, J. R. & Oliveira, M. J. F. (1993). Abelhas silvestres (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) da Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais. II. Diversidade, abundância e fontes de alimento em uma pastagem abandonada em Ponte Nova. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 37 (3): 595-610 [599, 604] (geographic record, relative abundance, flower records: Asclepias cf. curassavica (Asclepiadaceae), Baccharis spp., Vernonia polyanthes, Vernonia sp. (Asteraceae), Buddleya brasiliensis (Buddlejaceae), Labiatae, Sida spp. (Malvaceae), Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae), Ludwigia spp. (Onagraceae), Typha sp. (Typhaceae))
Silvestri, F. (1902). Contribuzione alla conoscenza dei Meliponidi del Bacino del Rio de la Plata. Rivista di Patologia Vegetale 10: 121-174 [134-137, 138, 139, 141, 142, 143, 168] (as Trigona ruficrus, geographic record, folk name: "irapuà", "carabozà", description: worker, male, nesting site: exposed, on branches of tree, nest characteristics, honey, aggressive behavior, figures: nest and plate 1 - figures 10, 13, 17, plate 3 - 39, 40, 46, comparative notes)
Siqueira, E.N.L., Bartelli, B.F., Nascimento, A.R.T. & Nogueira-Ferreira, F.H. (2012). Diversity and Nesting Substrates of Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponina) in a Forest Remnant. Psyche (Camb.) 370895 (9): 1-9 [5] (Distribution record)
Smith, F. (1854). Catalogue of hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, Part 2. Apidae. London: British Museum 199-465 pp. [408] (as Trigona ruficrus, synonymy, list)
Smith, F. (1863). Descriptions of Brazilian Honey Bees belonging to the Genera Melipona and Trigona, which were exhibited, together with Samples of their Honey and Wax, in the Brazilian Court of the International Exhibition of 1862. Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 11: 497-512 [509] (as Trigona ruficrus, folk name: "arapuá", diagnosis, description)
Smith, F. (1866). Notes on some hymenopterous insects collected by Mr. Peckolt at Catagallo, south Brazil. Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 15: 323-327 [326] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Smith, F. (1868). Observations on the economy of Brazilian insects, chiefly Hymenoptera, from the notes of Mr. Peckolt. Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 16 (1): 133-136 [133-134] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona ruficrus, swarming, queen behavior)
Smith-Pardo, A. H. (2003). A preliminary account of the bees of Colombia (Hymenoptera: Apoidea): present knowledge and future directions. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 76 (2): 335-341 [338] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes [error, does not exits in Colombia], list)
Souza, T., Figueiredo, G. C. N. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (2004). Abelhas visitantes das flores de Duranta repens (Verbenaceae) no campus da Unesc, Criciúma (SC). Rev. Tecnologia e Ambiente 10 (2): 115-123 [119] (geographic record, flower record: Duranta repens (Verbenaceae))
Souza, V. C., Cortopassi-Laurino, M., Simão-Bianchini, R., Pirani, J. R., Azoubel, M. L., Guibu, L. S. & Giannini, T. C. (1993). Plantas apícolas de São Paulo e arredores pp. 43-192 in Pirani, J. R. & Cortopassi-Laurino, M. (ed.) Flores e Abelhas em São Paulo. São Paulo: EDUSP / FAPESP 194 pp. [50,55,62, 63,68,70, 72,76,78, 80,86,90, 98,100,106, 110,112,] (116, 118, 120, 136, 138, 140, 142, 146, 148, 152, 156, 162, 164, 170, 172; nesting site: exposed on tree branches, figures: nest, entrance, flower records: Agave americana, A. attenuata (Agavaceae), Lithraea molleoides (Anacardiaceae), Impatiens balsamina (Balsaminaceae), Chorisia speciosa (Bombacaceae), Cordia trichotoma (Boraginaceae), Cosmus sulphureus, Montanoa bipinnatifida, Tithonia diversifolia, Vernonia polyanthes (Compositae), Croton floribundus (Euphorbiaceae), Iboza riparia Ocimon sellowii (Labiatae), Senna bicapsularis, Cassia leptophylla, Schizolobium parahyba, Myroxylum balsamum, Tupuana tipu (Leguminosae), Tibouchina granulosa, T. holosericea (Melastomataceae), Morus nigra (Moraceae), Eucalyptus tereticornis (Myrtaceae), Archontophoenix cunninghamiana (Palmae), Antigonon leptopus (Polygonaceae), Pyracantha coccinea (Rosaceae), Citrus limon (Rutaceae), Dombeya burgessiae, D. wallichii (Sterculiaceae))
Stort, A. C. (2002). Estruturas sensoriais de alguns representantes da família Apidae pp. 151-155 in Garófalo et al. (ed.) V Encontro sobre abelhas: anais. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Biologia xxv+355 pp. [154] (folk name: "irapuá", mandible, defense behavior)
Storti, E. F. (2002). Biologia da polinização e sistema reprodutivo de Passiflora coccinea Aubl. em Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. Acta Amazonica 32 (3): 421-429 [422, 425, 426] (foraging behavior, flower record: Passiflora edulis (Passifloraceae), citation; ? uncertain identity, as Trigona cf. spinipes, [error, does not occur in Manaus, Amazonas] flower record: Passiflora cocciniea (Passifloraceae))
Strand, E. (1909). Beitrag zur Bienenfauna von Paraguay. (Hym.). Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 2: 227-237 [235] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948])
Strand, E. (1910). Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Hymenopterenfauna von Paraguay. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 29: 455-562 [557, 558] (as Trigona ruficrus, geographic record, comparative notes; as Trigona ruficrus rufoides, geographic record, description, taxonomic notes, comparative notes)
Strand, E. (1910). Uber einige amerikanische Hymenopteren des Naturhistorischen Museums zu Wiesbaden. Jahrb. Nassau. Ver. Naturkd. 63: 8-18 [12] (as Trigona ruficrus, comparative notes)
Taura, H. M. & Laroca, S. (1992). Abelhas altamente sociais (Apidae) de uma área restrita em Curitiba (Brasil): distribuição dos ninhos e abundância relativa. Acta Biológica Paranaense 20 (1991) (1,2,3,4): 85-101 [91, 94, 95, 96, 97] (geographic record, nest distribution, nesting site: exposed on tree branches, relative abundance)
Teixeira, D. M., Papavero, N. & Pujol-Luz, J. R. (1999). Do Rio de Janeiro a Cuiabá: notícias sobre os produtos naturais o Brazil, por um autor anônimo do século XVIII. 7. Capítulo VIII: "noticia das aves, q' se conhecem no Brazil, com distinção, e circunstcias de cada húa delas" [manuscript by Joseph Barbosa de Sáa, according to Papavero, N., personal communication]. Historia Naturalis 2 (7): 155-186 [175, 185] (as "Urapuhy", "Urapuá", Trigona spinipes, Trigona hyalinata, folk names: "Yra-puy", "Ara-puy", "irapuá", etymology, citation)
Toledo, V. A. A., Fritzen, A. E. T., Neves, C. A., Ruvolo-Takasusuki, M. C. C., Sofia, S. H. & Terada, Y. (2003). Plants and pollinating bees in Maringá, state of Paraná, Brazil. Brazilian Arch. Biol. Technol. 46 (4): 705-710 [706, 708] (geographic record, pollination: Ocimum americanum (Lamiaceae), Allamanda (Apocynaceae), Dombeya wallichii (Sterculiaceae), Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae))
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Velthuis, H. H. W. (1997). The biology of the stingless bees. Utrecht: Department of Ethology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands and Department of Ecology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 1-33 +8 plates pp. [14, 23] (as Trigona ruficrus and Trigona spinipes, nest population, communication, recruitment, citation)
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Viana, B. F. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (2002). Bee diversity of the coastal sand dunes of Brazil pp. 135-153 in Kevan, P. G. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (ed.) Pollinating bees: the conservation link between agriculture and nature. Brasília: Ministry of environment 313 pp. [147] (habitat, geographic records, citation)
Viana, B. F. & Kleinert, A. M. P. (2005). A community of flower-visiting bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) in the costal sand dunes of northeastern Brazil. Biota Neotropica 5 (2): 1-13 [3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] (geographic record, habitat, relative abundance, morpho-functional categories, seasonality)
Viana, B. F., Kleinert, A. M. P. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (1997). Abundance and flower visits of bees in a cerrado of Bahia, tropical Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna & Environm. 32: 212-219 [213, 214, 215, 217] (geographic record, habitat, relative abundance, flower record: Ditassa refusa (Asclepiadaceae), Blanchetia heterotricha, Eremanthus bicolor, Tagetes minuta (Asteraceae), Jacaranda cf. caroba, J. irwini (Bignoniaceae), Jacquemontia aff. ciliata, Merremia sp. (Convolvulaceae), Rhynchospora barbata, Scleria bracteata (Cyperaceae), Panicum trinii (Gramineae), Vantanea chovata (Humiriaceae), Ocimum aff. gratissima (Labiatae), Cajanus cajan , Calliandra augusta, Canavalia aff. dictyota, Centrosema aff. arenarium, Mimosa pudica, Mucuna pruriens, Periandra mediterranea, Senna cana, S. sylvestris (Leguminosae), Cuphea impexa (Lythraceae), Malpighiaceae, Musa sapientum (Musaceae), Ludwigia octovalis (Onagraceae), Syagrus coronata, Syagrus sp. (Palmae), Dombeya walichi (Sterculiaceae), Vellozia dasypus (Velloziaceae), phenology, nest population, citation)
Vieira, M. F. & Lima, N. A. S. (1997). Pollination of Echinodorus grandiflorus (Alismataceae). Aquatic Botany 58: 89-98 [92, 94] (geographic record, flower record: Echinodorus grandiflorus (Alismataceae))
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Vitali, M. J. & Machado, V. L. L. (1995). Entomofauna visitante das flores de Tabebuia chrysotricha (Mart.) Standl (Bignoniaceae). An. Soc. Entomol. Bras. 24 (1): 77-88 [82, 83, 86, 88] (geographic record, flower record: Tabebuia chrysotricha (Bignoniaceae), relative abundance, occasional pollination, climatic parameters, daily activity)
Vit, P. (2005). Melissopalynology Venezuela. Merida: APIBA-CDCHT Universidad de Los Andes 205 pp. [15] (pollen niche, citation)
Vogel, S., Machado, I. C. (1991). Pollination of four sympatric species of Angelonia (Scrophulariaceae) by oil-collecting bees in NE. Brazil. Plant Syst. Evol. 178: 153-178 [171, 172] (geographic record, pollen foraging behavior, occasional pollination, flower records: Angelonia bisaccata, A. hookeriana (Scrophulariaceae))
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Werneck, H.A. & Faria-Mucci, G.M. (2014). Abelhas sem Ferrão (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini) da Estação Ecológica de Água Limpa, Cataguases-MG, Brasil. EntomoBrasilis 7 (2): 164-166 [165] (Distribution record)
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Wheeler, W. M. (1928). The social insects; their origin and evolution. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner and Co. xviii+ 378 pp. [251] (as Trigona ruficrus [* from Schwarz, 1948: 260])
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Wille, A. & C. D. Michener (1973). The nest architecture of stingless bees with special reference to those of Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 21 (Suplemento 1): 1-278 [15, 26, 50, 61, 73, 90, 91, 100, 211, 264] (as Trigona (Trigona) spinipes, nesting site: exposed, nest characteristics, material, nest construction, brood cells, nest population, citation)
Wille, J. (1923). Uma abelha indígena nociva (Trigona ruficrus Latr.). Egatéa 8 (3): 474-480 [474-480] (as Trigona ruficrus, culture damaging)
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Wilms, W., Wendel, L., Zillikens, A., Blochtein, B. & Engels, W. (1997). Bees and other insects recorded on flowering trees in a subtropical Araucaria forest in Southern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna & Environm. 32: 220-226 [223] (geographic record, habitat, relative abundance)
Witter, S., Blochtein, B., Nunes-Silva, P., Tirelli, F.P., Lisboa, B.B., Bremm, C. & Lanzer, R. (2014). The bee Community and its relationship to canola seed production in homogenous agricultural areas. J. Pollinat. Ecol. 12 (3): 15-21 [18] (Distribution record)
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Wittmann, D. & Hoffman, M. (1990). Bees of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Iheringia, Sér. Zool. 70: 17-43 [29, 39] (geographic records, nesting site: on tree branches)
Wood, J. G. (1874). Insects abroad; being a popular account of foreign insects, their structure, habits, and transformations. New York: . 524-528, figure 287-288 pp. [figure 288] (as Trigona ruficrus [*from Schwarz, 1948: 259])
Wyatt, G.E & Sazima, M. (2011). Pollination and reproductive biology of thirteen species of Begonia in the Serra do Mar State Park, São Paulo, Brazil. J. Pollinat. Ecol. 6 (14): 95-107 [102] (Distribution record)
Yamamoto, M., Silva, C.I., Augusto, S.C., Barbosa, A.A.A., & Oliveira, P.P. (2012). The role of bee diversity in pollination and fruit set of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis forma flavicarpa, Passifloraceae) crop in Central Brazil. Apidologie 43: 515-526 [519] (Distribution record)
Zanella, F. C. V. (2000). Padrões de distribuição geográfica das espécies de abelhas que ocorrem na caatinga (NE do Brasil) pp. 197-203 in Bitondi, M. M. G., Hartfelder, K., et al. (ed.) IV Encontro Sobre Abelhas: Anais. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, USP xxix+363 pp. [198, 199] (habitat, list, geographic range)
Zanella, F. C. V. (2003). Abelhas da Estação Ecológica do Seridó (Serra Negra do Norte, RN): aportes ao conhecimento da diversidade, abundância e distribuição espacial das espécies na caatinga pp. 231-240 in Melo, G. A. R. & Alves-dos-Santos, I. (ed.) Apoidea Neotropica: Homenagem aos 90 anos de Jesus Santiago Moure. Criciúma: Editora UNESC 320 pp. [238] (geographic record, habitat, relative abundance)
Zanella, F. C. V. & Martins, C. F. (2003). Abelhas da Caatinga: Biogeografia, ecologia e conservação pp. 75-134 in Leal, I. R., Tabarelli, M. & da Silva, J. M. C. (ed.) Ecologia e conservação da Caatinga. Pernambuco, Brasil: Editora Universitária da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco 822 pp. [97, 104, 108] (exposed nest, habitat, geographic record, citation)
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Zotarelli, H.G.S., Evans, D.M., Bego, L.R. & Sofia, S.H. (2014). A Comparison of Social Bee-Plant Networks between Two Urban Areas. Neotropical Entomology 43: 399-408 [supplementar material] (Distribution record)
Zucchi, R. (1994). A evolução do processo de tratamento das células de cria de Meliponinae: do antagonismo à dominância ritualizada (Hymenoptera, Apidae) pp. 38-45 in Zucchi, R., Drumond, P. M., Fernandes-da-Silva, P. G. & Augusto, S. C. (ed.) Anais do I Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo xx+308 pp. [44] (oviposition behavior)
Zucoloto, F. S. (1994). Aspectos gerais da nutrição de insetos, com especial referência em abelhas pp. 27-37 in Zucchi, R., Drumond, P. M., Fernandes-da-Silva, P. G. & Augusto, S. C. (ed.) Anais do I Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo xx+308 pp. [32] (sorbitol, perception of flavor)

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How to cite this page
J. M. F. Camargo, S. R. M. Pedro & G. A. R. Melo, 2023. Meliponini Lepeletier, 1836. In Moure, J. S., Urban, D. & Melo, G. A. R. (Orgs). Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region - online version. Available at https://www.moure.cria.org.br/catalogue. Accessed Oct/18/2024

Online since: 23 Jul 2008
Last update : 17 Jul 2023

APIDAE ›› Apinae ›› Meliponini ›› Trigona