Trigona crassipes (Fabricius, 1793)
Common Names: "sombra-de-sucha", "fisi-wasi-wasi-oni"
Apis crassipes
Fabricius, J. C. (1793). Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Hafniae: Christian Gottlieb Proft Vol. 2 1-519 pp. [340] .
Type data: holotype ZMUC <F> worker.
Type locality: "America Meridionalis Ins." [=Insularis?].
Trigona (Trigona) hypogea robustior
Schwarz, H. F. (1940). Additional species and records of stingless bees (Meliponidae) from British Guiana. Am. Mus. Novit. 1078: 1-12 [2] (junior subjective synonym) .
Type data: holotype AMNH <F> worker (the material studied by Schwarz is composed including different species) , paratype AMNH <F> workers , paratype USNM <F> workers , paratype ANSP <F> workers , paratype CUIC 2615 <F> workers (6) , paratype RPSP 36159 <F> worker , paratype RPSP <F> worker , paratype BMNH <F> workers (2).
Type locality: Upper Essequibo river, Guyana, 23.XII.1937, W. G. Wassler.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
Moure, J. S. (1960). Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 3 (1-4): 97-160 [156]
Remarks
Under the name Trigona crassipes there are other undescribed species.
Distribution
Neotropical Region: Bolivia (El Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz), Brazil (Amapá [Macapá], Amazonas [Beruri, Ipixuna, Manaus, Tefé, Tonantins], Mato Grosso [Chapada Dos Guimarães], Pará [Itaituba, Santarém], Rondônia [Porto Velho]), Colombia (Amazonas, Caquetá, Cundinamarca, Guainía, Meta, Vaupés, Vichada), Ecuador (Napo, Pastaza), French Guiana (Cayenne, Sinnamary), Guyana (Potaro-Siparuni, Upper Demerara-Berbice, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo), Peru (Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco), Suriname (Brokopondo, Wanica)
References
Akahira, Y. & Beig, D. (1967). Comparative study of corpora alata [sic] in Brazilian stingless bees. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 20 (16): 165-190 [166, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 180, 181, 183] (as Trigona (Trigona) crassipes, geographic record, biometry, histology, corpora allata, figures)
Almeida, M. C. & Laroca, S. (1988). Trigona spinipes (Apidae, Meliponinae): taxonomia, bionomia e relações tróficas em áreas restritas. Acta Biológica Paranaense 17 ((1,2,3,4)): 67-108 [91] (as Trigona hypogea, necrophagy, citation)
Baumgartner, D. L. & Roubik, D. W. (1989). Ecology of Necrophilous and Filth-Gathering Stingless Bees (Apidae: Meliponinae) of Peru. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 62 (1): 11-22 [12, 14] (absence of corbicula, obligate necrophagy, synonymy, non-floral baits, altitudinal range, synanthropy)
Camargo, J. M. F. (1988). Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) da coleção do "Istituto di Entomologia Agraria", Portici, Itália. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 32 (3/4): 351–374 [366] (list, geographic records)
Camargo, J. M. F. (1992). Sistemática e comportamento dos Meliponinae necrófagos obrigatórios: o grupo Trigona hypogea Silvestri (Hymenoptera, Apidae). (Comentários sobre o mecanismo de pré-adaptação). [thesis abstract] pp. 82-83 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [82, 83] (obligate necrophagy, geographic range, sympatry)
Camargo, J. M. F. (1994). Biogeografia de Meliponini (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae): a fauna amazônica pp. 46-59 in Zucchi, R., Drumond, P. M., Fernandes-da-Silva, P. G. & Augusto, S. C. (ed.) Anais do I Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo xx+308 pp. [50, 54] (list, nesting sites: hollows of living trees, stratum)
Camargo, J. M. F. (1996). Meliponini neotropicais: o gênero Camargoia Moure, 1989 (Apinae, Apidae, Hymenoptera). Arq. Zool. (São Paulo) 33 (2): 71-92 [89] (figure: wing, geographic record)
Camargo, J. M. F. & J. S. Moure (1988). Notas sobre os Meliponinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) colecionados por Filippo Silvestri na bacia do Rio da Prata. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 32 (2): 293-314 [297] (taxonomic note)
Camargo, J. M. F. & Pedro, S. R. M. (2002). Mutualistic association between a tiny amazonian stingless bee and a wax-producing scale insect. Biotropica 34 (3): 446-451 [447] (obligate necrophagy, citation)
Camargo, J. M. F. & Roubik, D. W. (1991). Systematics and bionomics of the apoid obligate necrophages: the Trigona hypogea group (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Meliponinae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 44: 13-39 [13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22-28, 29,30, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39] (obligate necrophagy, geographic records, comparative notes, synonymy, notes on type, description: worker, male, taxonomy, bionomy, nest population, habitat, nesting site: cavities in living trees: Parkia (leguminosae), nest aggregation, nest characteristics, honey, morphometrics, figures: nest entrance, nest, morphology: worker, male)
Cockerell, T. D. A (1920). Some neotropical meliponid bees. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 42: 459-468 [460, 464, 465, 467] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona recursa, monkey carcasses visiting, meat collecting, geographic record, behavior, comparative notes)
Cruz-Landim, C. (1994). Polimorfismo na ocorrência de glândulas exócrinas nas abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) pp. 118-129 in Zucchi, R., Drumond, P. M., Fernandes-da-Silva, P. G. & Augusto, S. C. (ed.) Anais do I Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo xx+308 pp. [121, 123] (glands, male)
Cruz-Landim, C. (1996). Glândulas tegumentares abdominais de abelhas - ocorrência e ultra-estrutura pp. 67-77 in Garófalo, C. A., Soares, A. E. E., Paulino-Simões, Z. L. & Camillo, E. (ed.) Anais do II Encontro Sobre Abelhas. Ribeirão Preto: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto xxii+351 pp. [69] (tergal glands, male, worker)
Cruz-Landim, C. & Mota, M. H. V. B. (1990). Occurrence of tegumentary glands in stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) pp. 587-588 in Veeresh, G. K., Mallik, B. & Viraktamath, C. A. (ed.) Social insects and the environment: proceedings of the 11th international congress of IUSSI, Bangalore, India. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. xxxi+765 pp. [587, 588] (tegumentary glands, queen)
Dalla Torre C. G. de (1896). Catalogus Hymenopterorum; Hucusque Descriptorum Systematicus et Synonymicus. Leipzig: Engelmann Vol. 10 viii+1–643 pp. [577] (as Melipona crassipes, partim [includes Scaura longula], list)
Dijn, B. P. E. & Koanting, E. (1999). The knowledge of stingless bees, or tyandaaman, at the Maroon village of Nieuw Koffiekamp in Suriname, South America. Pegone ?: 15-17 [16] (as Trigona (Trigona) crassipes, ethnobiology, Maroon indians, geographic record, folk name: "fisi-wasi-wasi-oni", necrophagy)
Fabricius, J. C. (1804). Systema Piezatorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Brunsvigae: Reichard 1-439 pp. [359] (as Centris crassipes, key [diagnosis], synonymy, type locality)
Gonzalez, V. H. (2000). Meliponini (Hymenoptera: Apidae) del noroccidente del departamento del Caquetá, Colombia: lista preliminar y perspectivas en su exploitación. Tacaya 10: 6-8 [8] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) hypogea robustior, geographic record)
Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. & Zucchi, R. (1995). Virgin queens in stingless bee (Apidae, Meliponinae) colonies: a review. Apidologie 26: 231-244 [234] (number of queen cells, citation)
Kerr, W. E., Sakagami, S. F., Zucchi, R., Portugal Araújo, V. & Camargo, J. M. F. (1967). Observações sôbre a arquitetura dos ninhos e comportamento de algumas espécies de abelhas sem ferrão das vizinhanças de Manaus, Amazonas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5: 255-309 [256, 262-263, 303] (as Trigona (Trigona) crassipes [error, T. crassipes does not construct aerial, exposed nests])
Lamarck, J. B. P. A. M. (1817). Histoire naturelle des animaux san vertebres, presentant les caractres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principlaes especes qui s'y rapprotant. Paris: Deterville Vol. 4 603 pp. [62] (as Anthophora crassipes [*from Moure file])
Lamarck, J. B. P. A. M. (1835). Histoire naturelle des animaux san vertebres, presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales especes qui s'y rapprotant [revised and argumented with notes by G. P. Deshayes and H. Milne Edwards]. Paris: J. B. Bailliere, Librarie 2nd Edn Vol. 4 587 pp. [281] (as Anthophora crassipes [*from Moure file])
Latreille, P. A. (1802). Histoire naturelle des Fourmis et recueil de mémoirs et d' observations sur les abeilles, les areignées, les faucheurs et autres Insectes. Paris: Barrois Vol. 8 445 pp. [431] (as Podalirius crassipes [misinterpretation of the genus by Latreille])
Latreille, P. A. (1802). Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes. Paris: Dufart Vol. 3 467 pp. [379] (as Podalirius crassipes [misinterpretation of the genus by Latreille])
Latreille, P. A. (1809). Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias disposita, inconibus exemplisque plurimis explicata.. Paris and Strasbourg: Armand Koenig Vol. 4 178, 182-183 pp. [178] (as Centris crassipes [*from Moure file])
Mateus, S. & Noll, F. B. (2004). Predatory behavior in a necrophagous bee Trigona hypogea (Hymenoptera; Apidae, Meliponini). Naturwissenschaften 91: 94-96 [94] (obligatory necrophagy, citation)
Melo, G.A.R. (2006). Apidae (Subtribos Meliponina e Euglossina) da Região dos Lagos do Amapá pp. 123-130 in Costa-Neto, S.V. (ed.) Inventário Biológico das Áreas do Sucuriju e Região dos Lagos, no Amapá: Relatório Final PROBIO. Macapá: IEPA 218 pp. [126] (Distribution record, as Trigona crassipes)
Mercado, N. K. (1968). Contribución al conocimiento de las abejas indígenas (Meloponidae) [sic] de departamento de Santa Cruz. La Paz: Editorial Don Bosco 1-7 pp. [5] (as Trigona (Trigona crassipes [sic], folk name: "sombra de sucha", geographic record)
Michener, C. D. & Roubik, D. W. (1993). Observations on the labium of meliponine bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) pp. 251-265 in Inoue, T. & Yamane, S. (ed.) Evolution of insect societies: Comparative sociology of bees, wasps and ants. Tokyo: Hakuhin-sha Publishing Co. [262] (as Trigona (Trigona) crassipes, mouthparts, absence of giant setae, necrophagy, protein source)
Mota, M. H. V. B. (1992). Estudo comparativo das glândulas epidérmicas do abdômen dos meliponíneos (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). [thesis abstract] pp. 320-322 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [320, 321, 322] (epidermal glands)
Moure, J. S. (1944). Abejas del Perú. Bol. Mus.Hist. Nat. "Javier Prado" 8 (28, 29): 67-75 [73] (as Trigona hypogea robustior, list)
Moure, J. S. (1960). Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 3 (1-4): 97-160 [99, 156] (as Trigona (Trigona) crassipes, synonymy, notes on type, type locality, description [transcription of the original description by Fabricius, 1793], taxonomy, comparative notes)
Nates-Parra, G. (2001). Las abejas sin aguijón (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2 (3): 233-248 [233, 240] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) crassipes, partim: except Chocó, necrophagy, citation, geographic range, altitudinal range)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1997). Vida e criação de abelhas indígenas sem ferrão. São Paulo: Editora Nogueirapis 1-446 pp. [33] (necrophagy)
Noll, F. B., Zucchi, R., Jorge, J. A. & Mateus, S. (1996). Food collection and maturation in the necrophagous stingless bees, Trigona hypogea (Hymenoptera: Meliponinae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 69 (4): 287-293 [287] (necrophagy)
Oliveira, M. L. (2001). Stingless bees (Meliponini) and orchid bees (Euglossini) in terra firme tropical forests and forest fragments pp. 208-218 in Bierregaard, Jr., R. O., Gascon, C., Lovejoy, T. E. & Mesquita, R. C. G. (ed.) Lessons from Amazonia. The ecology and conservation of a fragmented forest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Yale University Press, Smithsonian Institution [210, 213] (list, geographic record, habitat, forest fragments, nest density)
Oliveira, M. L. & Morato, E. F. (2000). Stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponini) feeding on stinkhorn spores (Fungi, Phallales): robbery or dispersal?. Rev. Bras. Zool. 17 (3): 881-884 [882, 883-884] (behavior, fungi visiting: Dictyophora sp., figure, geographic record, obligate necrophagy, corbicula, lack of pollen pots, resin transportation, citation)
Oliveira, M. L., Morato, E. F. & Garcia, M. V. B. (1995). Diversidade de espécies e densidade de ninhos de abelhas sociais sem ferrão (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) em floresta de terra firme na Amazônia Central. Rev. Bras. Zool. 12 (1): 13-24 [16, 17, 18, 19, 20] (list, geographic record, habitat, forest fragments, nest density, nesting site: Combretaceae, Lecythidaceae, Lauraceae, necrophagy, odor baits [!])
Roubik, D. W. (1990). Nesting and defence in tropical honeybees and stingless bees: you are what eats you? pp. 662-663 in Veeresh, G. K., Mallik, B. & Viraktamath, C. A. (ed.) Social insects and the environment: proceedings of the 11th international congress of IUSSI, Bangalore, India. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. xxxi+765 pp. [663] (nest substrate, scutellum)
Schwarz, H. F. (1940). Additional species and records of stingless bees (Meliponidae) from British Guiana. Am. Mus. Novit. 1078: 1-12 [2-3, 4] (as Trigona (Trigona) hypogea robustior, description, comparative notes, geographic records, diagnosis, taxonomy)
Schwarz, H. F. (1948). Stingless bees (Meliponidae) of the Western Hemisphere. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 90: xvii+546 [106, 204, 231, 232, 233, 234] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) hypogea hypogea, partim [citation of Cockerell, 1920: 460], carrion visiting; as Trigona (Trigona) hypogea robustior, partim: Essequibo river [the material studied by Schwarz, from Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil, includes different species], key, comparative notes, synonymy, diagnosis, taxonomy, geographic range, geographic records, on carrion, facultative necrophagy)
Serrão, J. E. (1992). Estudo das adaptações morfológicas do proventrículo e ventrículo de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) a hábitos alimentares discrepantes. [dissertation abstract] pp. 402-403 in Soares, A. E. E. & De Jong, D. (ed.) Pesquisas com abelhas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Revista Brasileira de Genética 680 pp. [402, 403] (morphology, proventriculus)
Serrão, J. E. (2001). A comparative study of the proventricular structure in corbiculate apinae [sic] (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Micron. 32: 379-385 [380] (morphology, proventriculus, citation)
Serrão, J. E. & Cruz-Landim, C. (1996). Notes on the proventriculus structure of some Trigona species (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 40 (1): 1-2 [1, 2] (morphology, proventriculus, figure)
Serrão, J. E., Cruz-Landim, C. & Silva-de-Moraes, R. L. M. (1997). Morphological and biochemical analysis of the stored and larval food of an obligate necrophagous bee, Trigona hypogea. Insectes Soc. 44: 337-344 [338] (obligate necrophagy, citation)
Silveira, F. A., G. A. R. Melo & E. A. B. Almeida (2002). Abelhas Brasileiras: Sistemática e Identificação. Belo Horizonte: F. A. Silveira 253 pp. [92] (list, geographic range)
Smith-Pardo, A. H. (2003). A preliminary account of the bees of Colombia (Hymenoptera: Apoidea): present knowledge and future directions. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 76 (2): 335-341 [338] (as Trigona (Trigona) crassipes, list)
Wille, A. & C. D. Michener (1973). The nest architecture of stingless bees with special reference to those of Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 21 (Suplemento 1): 1-278 [15, 25, 49] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) crassipes, nesting site: exposed [error, probably it is not T. crassipes], nest characteristics, citation [see reference of Kerr et al., 1967])
Online since: 23 Jul 2008
Last update : 17 Jul 2023