APIDAE ›› Apinae ›› Meliponini ›› Trigona

Trigona amalthea (Olivier, 1789)
Common Names: "abejona", "pegone", "morrocuje-negro", "cabezunga", "pozo-de-tacú"
Apis sylvestris Barrère, P. (1741). Essai sur l'histoire naturelle de la France équinoxiale. Paris: Piget xxiv+216 pp. [190-191] (nom. nud. ? [see Schwarz, 1948: 243, 254]) .

Apis amalthea Olivier, A. G. (1789). Abeille pp. 46-84 in MM. Diderot & D' Alembert (ed.) Encyclopédie Métodique. Histoire Naturelle. Insectes Vol. 4. Paris: Pankouke 331 pp. [78-79] .
Type data: lectotype ZMUC <F> worker.
Subsequent designation: Moure, J. S. (1960). Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 3 (1-4): 97-160 [154] .
Type locality: Cayenne, French Guiana.

Melipona trinidadensis Provancher, L. (1888). Additions et corrections au volume II de la faune entomologique du Canada traitant des Hyménoptères. Nat. Can. (Que.) 17: 273-440 [344 (book, 1889)] (junior subjective synonym) .
Type data: lectotype PMQ 1537 <F> worker.
Subsequent designation: Schwarz, H. F. (1948). Stingless bees (Meliponidae) of the Western Hemisphere. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 90: xvii+546 [250] .
Type locality: Trinidad [probably, see Schwarz, 1948: 250].

Trigona silvestriana rohwerae Cockerell, T. D. A. (1925). Descriptions and records of bees - CVII. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 16: 626-627 [626] (junior subjective synonym) .
Type data: holotype USNM <F> worker.
Type locality: Trinidad, B. W. I., 7 and 16.IV.1923, Hester M. Rohwer leg..

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

Moure, J. S. (1960). Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 3 (1-4): 97-160 [154]

Remarks

Obs.: It is possible that the form described by Almeida, 1984 as Trigona truculenta, is junior synonym of Trigona amalthea (Olivier, 1789). The smallest form, considered as Trigona amalthea by Almeida, 1984: 135 is recorded only from western Amazonia (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela), and probably corresponds to Trigona trinidadensis (Provancher, 1888) described from Trinidad. If this synonymy is confirmed, the name T. trinidadensis may be revalidated

Distribution

Neotropical Region: Bolivia (Cochabamba, Santa Cruz), Brazil (Amazonas [Manaus], Mato Grosso [Chapada Dos Guimarães, Cuiabá], Rondônia [Porto Velho]), Colombia (Cundinamarca, Meta), Ecuador (Napo), French Guiana, Guyana (Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo), Peru (Huánuco, Junín, Madre de Dios), Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela (Bolívar)

References

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Azara, F. (1809). Voyages dans l'Amerique meridionale depuis 1781 jusqu'en 1801 / [Felix de Azara]; publies d'apres les manuscrits de l'auteur, par C. A. Walckenaer; avec une notice de sa vie enrichis de notes par G. Cuvier suivie de l'histoire naturelle des oiseaux du Paraguay et de la Plata par le meme auteur; traduite et augmentee d'un grand nombre de notes, par M. Sonnini; avec atlas (vol. 4). Paris: Dentu Vol. 1 159-166 pp. [160] (? uncertain identity, as Apis sylvestris [*from Schwarz, 1948: 243])
Baumgartner, D. L. & Roubik, D. W. (1989). Ecology of Necrophilous and Filth-Gathering Stingless Bees (Apidae: Meliponinae) of Peru. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 62 (1): 11-22 [13, 14, 16, 19] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthea, and Trigona amalthea amalthea, geographic range, synonymy, synanthropy, non-floral baits, liver and human feces visiting)
Blanchard, C. E. (1849). Trigona pp. 668-668 in Orbigny, C. (ed.) Dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle Vol. 12. Paris: . . pp. [668] ([*from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
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Dodson, C. H. (1967). Relationships between pollinators and orchid flowers pp. 1-72 in Lent, H. (ed.) Atas do simpósio sôbre a biota amazônica Vol. 5: zoologia. Rio de Janeiro: Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas 603 pp. [19, 20, 64, 70] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthea, partim [except Peru - see Trigona truculenta Almeida, and Trigona cf. amalthea, flower records: Maxillaria reichenheiniana, X. variegatum (Orchidaceae), pollination)
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Fermin, P. (1769). Description générale, historique, géographique et physique de la colonie de Surinam. Amsterdam: E. van Harrevelt Vol. 2 352 pp. [300-301] (? uncertain identity, as Apis sylvestris [*from Schwarz, 1948: 243])
Fleming, H. (1945). The Meliponidae (Stingless Bees) of Caripito, Northeastern Venezuela. Zoologica (N. Y.) 30 (4): 267 [267] (as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis trinidadensis [* from Schwarz, 1948: 244])
Friese, H. (1908). Beitrag zur Bienenfauna der Kleinen Antillen und der Bermudas. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere Supl. 11: 33-40 [35, 39, 40] (? uncertain identity, partim: Trinidad)
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Gonzalez, V. H. & Roubik, D. W. (2008). Especies nuevas y filogenia de las abejas de fuego, Oxytrigona (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini). Acta Zool. Mex. (n.s.) 24 (1): 43-71 [45, 64, 66] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, phylogeny, outgroup, taxonomic characters)
González- B., V. H. & Nates-Parra, G. (1999). Sinopsis de Parapartamona (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini), un género estrictamente andino. Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. 23 (supl. especial): 171-179 [178] (? uncertain identity, altitudinal range)
Goudot, J. (1846). Observations relatives à l'histoire des méliponites (extrait). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris 22: 710-713 [713] (? uncertain identity, as "Trigona Amalthée" [*from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Gronen, D. (1881). Zur Naturgeschichte der Meliponiden. Zool. Garten 22: 330-333 [332] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona Amalthea [sic; *from Schwarz, 1848: 210])
Gronen, D. (1881). Notizen über südamerikanische Honigbienen. Stett. Entomol. Ztg. 43: 110-113 [110-113] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona Amalthea [sic; *from Schwarz, 1848: 210])
Haliday, A. H. (1837). Descriptions, etc. of the Hymenoptera. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoo 17: 316-331 [321] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona Amalthea [sic; from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Illiger, K. (1806). William Kirby's Familien der bienenartigen Insekten mit Zusätzen, Nachweisungen und Bemerkungen. Magazin für Insektenkunde 5: 28-175 [156] (as Melipona Amalthea [sic], taxonomic note)
Jardine, W. (1859). Bees pp. 24, 275, 280, 282, 284, 288-300 in Jardine, W (ed.) The naturalist's library Vol. 34. London: . 2?nd Edn [292] (? uncertain identity, plate 27 - figure 1 [*from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Jurine, L. (1807). Nouvelle méthode de classer les hyménoptères et des diptères. Geneva: J. J. Paschoud Vol. 1 319 + 4, 14 plates pp. [246 (misprinted 146)] (as Trigona Amalthea [sic; *from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (1996). Ninhos de meliponíneos pp. 31-35 in Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (ed.) Abelha Uruçu. Biologia, Manejo e Conservação. Belo Horizonte: Fundação Acangaú 144 pp. [32] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthea, exposed nest)
Kirby, W. & Spence, W. (1815). An introduction to entomology; or elements of the natural history of insects: with plates. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown Vol. 1 512 pp. [319-320] (as Trigona Amalthea [sic; *from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Kriechbaumer, J. (1900). Von Ihrer Königl ; Hoheit der Prinzessin Therese von Bayern auf einer Reise in Südamerika gesammelte Insekten. 1. Hymenoptera. b. Hymenoptera reliqua. Berl. Entomol. Z. 45: 99-99 [99] (as Trigona Amalthea [*from Schwarz, 1948: 243])
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Latreille, P. A. (1804). Mémoire sur un gâteau de ruche d'une abeille des Grandes Indes, et sur les différences des abeilles proprement dites, ou vivant en grande société, de l'ancien continent et du nouveau. Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 4: 393-394 [393] (as Apis amalthea [*from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Latreille, P. A. (1805). Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes. Paris: Dufart Vol. 14 67-68 pp. [68] (as Apis amalthea [*from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Latreille, P. A. (1809). Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias disposita, inconibus exemplisque plurimis explicata.. Paris and Strasbourg: Armand Koenig Vol. 4 178, 182-183 pp. [183] ([*from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Latreille, P. A. (1811). Insectes de l'Amérique Équinoxiale, recueillis pendant le voyage de MM. Humboldt et Bonpland pp. 173-174, 260-297 in Humboldt, F. H. A. & Bonpland, A. J. A. (ed.) Voyage aux régions équinoxiales du noveau continent, fait en 1799-1804. Recueil d' observations de zoollogie et d' anatomie comparée, faites dans l' océan Atlantique, dans l' intérieur du nouveau continent et dans le Mer du Sud pendant les années 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802 et 1803 Vol. 1. Paris: F. Schoell & G. Dufour 352 pp. [173, 272, 285, 294, 296] (as Melipona amalthea, Trigona Amalthea and "Amalthée", diagnosis, synonymy, comparative notes, taxonomic note, geographic range, nesting site: exposed, suspended on trees, medicinal uses, taxonomic characters)
Latreille, P. A. (1818). Mélipone pp. 79-91 in Déterville (ed.) Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle, appliquée aux arts (Déterville). Nouvelle édition Vol. 20. Paris: . . pp. [85-86] (as (trigone) Amalthée, geographic range, nest size, nesting site: adhered to tree trunk, nest characteristics, honey, citation)
Lepeletier, A. L. (1825). Trigone pp. 709-711 in Latreille, P. A. (ed.) Encyclopédie méthodologique. Histoire naturelle, Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des crustacés,des arachnides et des insectes, ["Par"-"Zyg"] Vol. 10. Paris: Agasse . pp. [710] (as Trigona Amalthea [sic], synonymy, taxonomic note)
Lepeletier, A. L. M. (1836). Histoire Naturelle des Insectes- Hyménoptères. Paris: Roret Vol. 1 1-547 pp. [425-426] (as Melipona amalthea, partim [citation of Olivier, 1789 with transcription of nest description; see also Trigona truculenta Almeida, 1984], nest characteristics, honey)
Maidl, F. (1934). Die Lebensgewohnheiten und Instinkte der Staatenbildenden Insekten. Vienna: Wagner ix + 823 pp. [164, 316] ([* from Schwarz, 1948:244])
Mercado, N. K. (1968). Contribución al conocimiento de las abejas indígenas (Meloponidae) [sic] de departamento de Santa Cruz. La Paz: Editorial Don Bosco 1-7 pp. [5] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, geographic record, folk name: "pozo de tacú")
Michener, C. D. (1990). Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera). Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 54 (4): 75-164 [95, 102, 119, 128, 146] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, figures: sting, hind tibia, taxonomic notes, male genitalia)
Michener, C. D. (1997). Genus-group names of bees and supplemental family-group names. Scientific Papers, Natural History Museum, The Uni 1: 1-81 [6, 59] (as Apis amalthea, genus type species)
Michener, C. D. (1999). The corbiculae of bees. Apidologie 30: 67-74 [71] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, figure: corbicula)
Michener, C. D. (2000). The bees of the World. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press 913 pp. [789] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, figure: hind leg)
Michener, C. D. & Roubik, D. W. (1993). Observations on the labium of meliponine bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) pp. 251-265 in Inoue, T. & Yamane, S. (ed.) Evolution of insect societies: Comparative sociology of bees, wasps and ants. Tokyo: Hakuhin-sha Publishing Co. [260] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, morphology, labium)
Müller, F. (1875). Poey's Beobachtungen über die Naturgeschichte der Honigbiene von Cuba, Melipona fulvipes, Guér. Zool. Garten 16 (8): 291-297 [294] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthea, nesting site: branches of trees)
Moure, J. S. (1944). Abejas del Perú. Bol. Mus.Hist. Nat. "Javier Prado" 8 (28, 29): 67-75 [73] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona trinidadensis trinidadensis, list)
Moure, J. S. (1960). Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Stud. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 3 (1-4): 97-160 [99, 154-155] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, synonymy, lectotype designation, original description [transcription from Olivier, 1789], taxonomic notes)
Moure, J. S. (1963). Sôbre a identidade dos meliponinos descritos por Spinola em 1853 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). An. Acad. Bras. Cienc. (Rio de Janeiro) 35 (2): 257-269 [264] (comparative note, taxonomic note [transcription of the original description of Trigona testacea by Spinola, 1853])
Moure, J. S. (1992). Melikerria e Eomelipona, dois subgêneros novos em Melipona Illiger, 1806 (Hymenoptera, Apidae) pp. 32-38 in Cruz Landim, C. & Chaud Netto, J. (ed.) Anais do Encontro Brasileiro de Biologia de Abelhas e Outros Insetos Sociais. Homenagem aos 70 anos de Warwick Estevam Kerr. Naturalia, número especial. São Paulo: Editora UNESP 283 pp. [32] (as Apis amalthea, genotype)
Myers, J. G. (1935). Ethological observations on the citrus bee, Trigona silvestriana Vach. Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 83: 131-134, 141 [131-134] (as Trigona silvestriana [*from Schwarz, 1948: 244], nesting site: external, between two branches of a large hog plum: Spondias mombin, nest characteristics, damaging: green shoots of Citrus, aggressive behavior, honey, inquilines)
Nates Parra, G. (1983). Abejas de Colombia: I. Lista preliminar de algunas especies de abejas sin aguijón (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae). Revista de Biologia Tropical 31 (1): 155-158 [158] (as Trigona (trigona) [sic] amalthea, partim: Meta, Cundinamarca, geographic records, folk name "abejona")
Nates-Parra, G. (2001). Las abejas sin aguijón (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2 (3): 233-248 [240, 247, 248] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, partim, geographic range, synonymy, citation)
Nates Parra, G. & Cepeda, O. I. (1983). Comportamiento defensivo en algunas especies de meliponinos colombianos (Hymenoptera: Meliponinae). Bol. Depto. Biol. Univ. Nac. Colombia 1 (5): 65-82 [69, 73] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, defense behavior, exposed nest)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1962). The scutellum nest structure of Trigona (Trigona) spinipes Fab. (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. N. Y. Entomol. Soc. 70: 239-264 [240, 262] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, partim [citation of Myers, 1935], exposed nest)
Perty, J. A. M. (1833). De insectorum in America meridionali habitantium vitae genere, moribus ac distributione geographica observationes nonnullae pp. 25-29 in Spix, J. B. & Martius, C. F. P. (ed.) Delectus animalium articulatorum, quae in itinere per Brasiliam annis 1817 et 1820. Munich: . . pp. [26, 27] (as Trigona Amalthea and Melipona Amalthea [sic; *fom Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Provancher, L. (1888). Additions et corrections au volume II de la faune entomologique du Canada traitant des Hyménoptères. Nat. Can. (Que.) 17: 273-440 [344-345] (as Melipona Trinidadensis [*from Schwarz, 1948: 243])
Rasmussen, C. & Castillo, P. S. (2003). Estudio preliminar de la Meliponicultura o apicultura silvestre en el Perú (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini). Revista Peruana de Entomologia 43: 159-164 [161] (as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, geographic record, folk names: "morrocuje negro", "cabezunga" flowers and fruits damaging: beans, citrics, mango, mamey [=Sapotaceae])
Renner, S. (1983). The widespread occurrence of anther destruction by Trigona bees in Melastomataceae. Biotropica 15 (4): 251-256 [255] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Spinipes) [sic] amalthea, resin collecting: Pinus, Araucaria)
Reyne, A. (1962). Angelloze bijen (Meliponidae) voorkomende in Suriname. Entomol. Ber. 22 (2): 30–37 [32] (partim [see Trigona fuscipennis Friese], synonymy, taxonomic notes)
Roubik, D. W. (1992). Stingless Bees: A guide to Panamanian and Mesoamerican species and their nests (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) pp. 495-524 in Quintero, D. & A. Aiello (ed.) Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica. Selected Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press 692 pp. [504, 506, 507] (as Trigona amalthea and Trigona amalthea s. str., notes on type, taxonomic notes)
Roubik, D. W. (2000). Deceptive orchids with Meliponini as pollinators. Plant Systematics and Evolution 222: 271-279 [272, 273, 275] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthea, partim [except Costa Rica] and Trigona silvestriana, geographic records, flower records: Maxillaria latilabrum, Xylobium (Orchidaceae), figure: pollinarium placement)
Say, T. (1837). Descriptions of new species of North American Hymenoptera, and observations on some already described. Boston J. Nat. Hist. 1(4): 393-416 [415] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthèa [sic], comparative note)
Schwarz, H. F. (1932). The genus Melipona the type genus of the Meliponidae or stingless bees. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 63 (4): 231-460 [231] (partim, taxonomic note, note on genotype)
Schwarz, H. F. (1938). The stingless bees (Meliponidae) of British Guiana and some related forms. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 74: 437-508 [438] (as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis, geographic range, note, taxonomic note)
Schwarz, H. F. (1940). Additional species and records of stingless bees (Meliponidae) from British Guiana. Am. Mus. Novit. 1078: 1-12 [1, 3-4] (as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis trinidadensis, partim [except Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Santa Catarina - Brazil], geographic record, comparative notes, taxonomic notes, geographic range, synonymy)
Schwarz, H. F. (1948). Stingless bees (Meliponidae) of the Western Hemisphere. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 90: xvii+546 [107,112,116, 196,198, 200, 201,202,203, 205,207, 208,209,210] (214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 230, 242, 243-256, 257, 258, 282, 286; as Trigona (Trigona) trinidadensis trinidadensis, partim [smallest specimens; reference of Weyrauch, 1942 - see Trigona dallatorreana], behavior, resin collecting: Eucalyptus, Poinciana regia,Cajanus indicus, taxonomic characters, comparative notes, hamuli, queen size, key: worker, queen, taxonomy, synonymy, diagnosis, description: [partim, except male - see Trigona truculenta Almeida], notes on types, lectotype designation, nest characteristics [except citation of Weyrauch, 1942 and exposed nests], nesting site: tree hollows and in empty pigeon holes in church, citation, geographic range, geographic records [except São Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil - see Trigona truculenta Almeida]; as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, partim [synonymy, except citations of Trigona fuscipennis Friese, 1900, and reference of Weyrauch, 1942 - see Trigona dallatorreana])
Silveira, F. A., G. A. R. Melo & E. A. B. Almeida (2002). Abelhas Brasileiras: Sistemática e Identificação. Belo Horizonte: F. A. Silveira 253 pp. [92] (list, geographic range)
Smith-Pardo, A. H. (2003). A preliminary account of the bees of Colombia (Hymenoptera: Apoidea): present knowledge and future directions. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 76 (2): 335-341 [338] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona (Trigona) amalthea, list)
Sommeijer, M. (1993). [Editorial]. Pegone 1: 1-2 [2] (? uncetain identity, as Trigona amalthea and Trigona trinidadensis, folk name: "pegone")
Soukup, J. S. S. (1943). Algunos Himenópteros peruanos. Bol. Mus.Hist. Nat. "Javier Prado" 7 (26-27): 253-274 [271] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona trinidadensis [* from Schwarz, 1938: 244])
Spinola, M. (1853). Compte rendu des Hyménoptères inédits provenants du voyage entomologique de M. Ghiliani dans le Para en 1846. Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino (2) 13: 19-94 [93] (taxonomic note)
Spix, J. B. & Martius, C. F. P. (1828). Reise in Brasilien in den Jahren 1817 bis 1820. Munich: M. Lindauer Vol. 2 523-524, 542 pp. [542] (? uncertain identity, as "Sanharo miudo" [*from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Strand, E. (1910). Uber einige amerikanische Hymenopteren des Naturhistorischen Museums zu Wiesbaden. Jahrb. Nassau. Ver. Naturkd. 63: 8-18 [12, 13] (? uncertain identity, comparative notes, geographic records, altitudinal records)
Tanaka, H., Roubik, D. W., Kato, M., Liew, F. & Gunsalam, G. (2001). Phylogenetic position of Apis nuluensis of northern Borneo and phylogeography of A. cerana as inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Insectes Soc. 48: 44-51 [45, 46, 48] (? uncertain identity, molecular analysis, DNA)
Tanaka, H., Suka, T., Kahono, S., Samejima, H., Mohamed, M. & Roubik, D. W. (2003). Mitochondrial variation and genetic differentiation in honey bees (Apis cerana, A. koschevnikovi and A. dorsata) of Borneo. Tropics 13 (2): 107-117 [108, 109, 110, 111] (? uncertain identity, molecular analysis, DNA)
Tanaka, H., Suka, T., Roubik, D. W. & Mohamed, M. (2001). Genetic differentiation among geographic groups of three honeybee species, Apis cerana, A. koschevnikov and A. dorsata, in Borneo. Nature and Human Activities 6: 5-12 [7] (? uncertain identity, as Trigona amalthea, molecular analysis, DNA)
Tigny, F. M. G. T. (1802). Histoire naturelle des insectes. Paris: . Vol. 4 74-76 pp. [74-76] (as Apis amalthea [*from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Vachal, J. (1908). Espècés nouvelles ou litigienses d' Apidae du haut Bassin du Parana et des régions contiguës et délimitation d' une nouvelle sous-famille Diphaglossinae (Hym.). Rev. Entomol. (Caen) 27: 221-244 [221-222] (as Melipona (Trigona) amalthea, partim [citation of Olivier, 1789 - see also Trigona truculenta Almeida, 1984], diagnosis, key)
Westwood, J. O. (1840). An introduction to the modern classification of insects. London: . Vol. 2 269, 280, 286-287 pp. [286] ([*from Schwarz, 1948: 209])
Wille, A. (1976). Las abejas jicotes del género Melipona (Apidae: Meliponini). Rev. Biol. Trop. 24 (1): 123-147 [129] (as Trigona amalthea, taxonomic note)

Online since: 23 Jul 2008
Last update : 17 Jul 2023