Melipona (Melipona) phenax Cockerell, 1919
Melipona orbignyi jenningsi
Cockerell, T. D. A. (1919). Bees in the collection of the United States Museum. - 3. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 55: 167-221 [199] (junior subjective synonym) .
Type data: holotype USNM 21669 <M> male.
Type locality: Las Cascadas, Canal Zone, Panama, A. H. Jennings.
Melipona phenax
Cockerell, T. D. A. (1919). Bees in the collection of the United States Museum. - 3. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 55: 167-221 [195] .
Type data: holotype USNM 21661 <F> worker , paratype USNM <F> worker (1) (see Schwarz, 1932: 340).
Type locality: Ecuador, Baker collection.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
Cockerell, T. D. A (1928). Bees collected by Nathan Banks in the vicinity of the Panama Canal. Psyche 35 (3): 173-181 [173]
Schwarz, H. F. (1932). The genus Melipona the type genus of the Meliponidae or stingless bees. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 63 (4): 231-460 [339]
Distribution
Neotropical Region: Colombia (Cundinamarca), Ecuador, Panama (Colón, Panamá), Panama Canal Zone
References
Bego, L. R., Zucchi, R. & Mateus, S. (1991). Notas sobre a estratégia alimentar (cleptobiose) de Lestrimelitta limao Smith (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Naturalia (São Paulo) 16: 119-127 [126] (as Melipona favosa phenax, note, citation)
Bennett, C. F., Jr. (1965). Beekeeping with stingless bees in Western Panama. Bee World 46 (1): 23-24 [23, 24] (as Melipona favosa phenax, beekeeping)
Camargo, J. M. F., Moure, J. S. & Roubik, D. W. (1988). Melipona yucatanica new species (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae); stingless bee dispersal across the Caribbean arc and post-Eocene vicariance. Pan-Pac. Entomol. 64 (2): 147-157 [148] (as Melipona favosa phenax, geographic range)
Cockerell, T. D. A (1928). Bees collected by Nathan Banks in the vicinity of the Panama Canal. Psyche 35 (3): 173-181 [173] (as Melipona orbignyi phenax, synonymy, taxonomic note, geographic record)
Cockerell, T. D. A (1928). Bees collected by Dr. W. M. Wheeler at flowers of Triplaris. Psyche 35: 170-172 [171, 172] (as Melipona orbignyi phenax, geographic records, flower records: Triplaris, Cordia, taxonomic note)
Crane, E. (1999). The world history of beekeeping and honey hunting. New York: Routledge xxii+682 pp. [82, 189, 198] (as Melipona favosa, and M. favosa phenax, honey production, beekeeping, citation)
Griswold, T., Parker, F. D. & Hanson, P. E. (1995). The bees (Apidae) pp. 650-691 in Hanson, P. E. & Gauld, I. D. (ed.) The Hymenoptera of Costa Rica. London: Natural History Museum 893 pp. [689] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa, geographic range, citation)
Kerr, W. E. (1948). Estudos sobre o gênero Melipona. An. Esc. Sup. Agric. "Luiz de Queiroz" 5 (88): 181-276 + 51 figures [186] (as Melipona favosa phenax, geographic range, citation)
Kerr, W. E. (1951). Bases para o estudo da genética de populações dos Hymenoptera em geral e dos Apinae sociais em particular. An. Esc. Sup. Agric. "Luiz de Queiroz" 8: 219-354 [274, 281] (as Melipona favosa phenax, male aggregation, nest density, citation)
Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (1996). Enxameagem pp. 47-52 in Kerr, W. E., Carvalho, G. A. & Nascimento, V. A. (ed.) Abelha Uruçu. Biologia, Manejo e Conservação. Belo Horizonte: Fundação Acangaú 144 pp. [50] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa, male aggregation, citation)
Lutz, F. E. & Cockerell, T. D. A (1920). Notes on distribution and bibliography of North American bees of the families Apidae, Meliponidae, Bombidae, Euglossidae, and Anthophoridae. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 42: 491-641 [494] (as Melipona orbignyi jenningsi, geographic record)
Michener, C. D. (1946). Notes on the habits of some panamanian stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae). J. N. Y. Entomol. Soc. 54 (3): 179-197 [180, 181, 183, 184] (as Melipona favosa phenax, nest density, nesting site: crumbling masonry walls and in abandoned termite nest, nest characteristics, nest entrance, nest defense, male aggregations, male behavior, flower records: Simsia grandiflora)
Michener, C. D. (1954). Bees of Panamá. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 104 (1): 5-175 [164] (as Melipona favosa phenax, synonymy, geographic records)
Nates-Parra, G. (1995). Las abejas sin aguijon del genero Melipona (Hymenoptera: Meliponinae) en Colombia. Bol. Mus. Ent. Valle 3 (2): 21-33 [24] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa phenax, list, folk name: "rabipintada", "cargabarro")
Nates-Parra, G. (2001). Las abejas sin aguijón (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2 (3): 233-248 [238] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa phenax, geographic range, altitudinal record)
Nates-Parra, G. & Roubik, D. W. (1990). Sympatry among subspecies of Melipona favosa in Colombia and a taxonomic revision. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 63 (1): 200-203 [201, 202] (as Melipona favosa phenax, taxonomic characters, taxonomic notes, hybridization [?])
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1954). Notas bionômicas sôbre Meliponíneos III- Sôbre a enxameagem (Hymenoptera- Apoidea). Arquivos do Museu Nacional 42: 419-452 [425] (as Melipona favosa plumax [lapsus calami, = phenax], male aggregation, citation)
Nogueira-Neto, P. (1970). A criação de abelhas indígenas sem ferrão (Meliponinae). São Paulo: Tecnapis 2nd Edn 1-365 pp. [136] (as Melipona favosa phenax, rearing, citation)
Roubik, D. W. (1983). Nest and colony characteristics of stingless bees from Panamá (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 53 (6): 327-355 [331, 336, 340, 346, 350] (as Melipona favosa phenax, nesting site: in walls and tree cavities, nest entrance, nest characteristics, nest population, honey, sugar concentration)
Roubik, D. W. (1992). Stingless Bees: A guide to Panamanian and Mesoamerican species and their nests (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) pp. 495-524 in Quintero, D. & A. Aiello (ed.) Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica. Selected Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press 692 pp. [498, 505, 508, 520, 523] (as Melipona favosa orbignyi, partim: except Mato Grosso - Brazil, Paraguay, Ecuador and Colombia, key, figure: tibia, head, synonymy, diagnosis, nesting site: tree, rearing, nest entrance, behavior, geographic range)
Roubik, D. W. (1993). Direct costs of forest reproduction, bee-cycling and the efficiency of pollination modes. Journal of Biosciences 18 (4): 537-553 [548] (as Melipona favosa orbignyi, synonmymy, geographic range)
Sakagami, S. F., Roubik, D. W. & Zucchi, R. (1993). Ethology of the robber stingless bee, Lestrimelitta limao (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Sociobiology 21 (2): 237-277 [249, 261, 262] (as Melipona favosa, raids: Lestrimelitta)
Schwarz, H. F. (1932). The genus Melipona the type genus of the Meliponidae or stingless bees. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 63 (4): 231-460 [328, 335, 339-341] (as Melipona favosa phenax, key, taxonomic note, synonymy, redescription, description: male, geographic range, geographic records)
Schwarz, H. F. (1934). The social bees (Meliponidae) of Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone. Am. Mus. Novit. 731: 1-23 [8] (as Melipona favosa phenax, synonymy, geographic records, nesting sites: wall of frame houses, nest defense, nest entrance, flower record: "morning glory")
Schwarz, H. F. (1948). Stingless bees (Meliponidae) of the Western Hemisphere. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 90: xvii+546 [12, 14, 20, 58, 81, 102, 113, 258] (as Melipona favosa phenax, nest density, nesting site: in abandoned termite nest, male aggregation, nest defense, foraging behavior, hamuli, geographic range)
Smith-Pardo, A. H. (2003). A preliminary account of the bees of Colombia (Hymenoptera: Apoidea): present knowledge and future directions. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 76 (2): 335-341 [338] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa phenax, list)
Vergara, C. B., Villa, A. L. & Nates-Parra, G. (1986). Nidificación de meliponinos (Hymenoptera: Apidae) de la región central de Colombia. Revista de Biologia Tropical 34(2): 181-184 [183] (? uncertain identity, as Melipona favosa phenax, geographic record, nesting site: natural cavity, nest entrance)
Wille, A. & C. D. Michener (1973). The nest architecture of stingless bees with special reference to those of Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 21 (Suplemento 1): 1-278 [16, 28, 51, 62, 74, 82, 84, 85] (as Melipona favosa phenax, nesting site: artificial cavities, in termite nest, nest characteristics, nest defense, figure: nest entrance)
Online since: 23 Jul 2008
Last update : 17 Jul 2023